要使用 Java NIO(New I/O)构建高性能服务器,请遵循以下步骤:
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.InetSocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SelectionKey;
import java.nio.channels.Selector;
import java.nio.channels.ServerSocketChannel;
import java.nio.channels.SocketChannel;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Set;
run()
方法:public class HighPerformanceServer {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
runServer();
}
private static void runServer() throws IOException {
// 在此处配置和启动服务器
}
}
runServer()
方法中,创建一个 Selector
以处理多个通道:Selector selector = Selector.open();
ServerSocketChannel
并将其注册到 Selector
上,以便在接收到连接请求时得到通知:ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = ServerSocketChannel.open();
serverSocketChannel.bind(new InetSocketAddress(8080));
serverSocketChannel.configureBlocking(false);
serverSocketChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_ACCEPT);
while (true) {
int readyChannels = selector.select();
if (readyChannels == 0) continue;
Set<SelectionKey> selectedKeys = selector.selectedKeys();
Iterator<SelectionKey> keyIterator = selectedKeys.iterator();
while (keyIterator.hasNext()) {
SelectionKey key = keyIterator.next();
if (key.isAcceptable()) {
handleAccept(key);
} else if (key.isReadable()) {
handleRead(key);
}
keyIterator.remove();
}
}
handleAccept()
方法中,接受新的连接请求并将其添加到 Selector
上:private static void handleAccept(SelectionKey key) throws IOException {
ServerSocketChannel serverSocketChannel = (ServerSocketChannel) key.channel();
SocketChannel clientChannel = serverSocketChannel.accept();
clientChannel.configureBlocking(false);
clientChannel.register(selector, SelectionKey.OP_READ);
}
handleRead()
方法中,读取客户端发送的数据并处理它:private static void handleRead(SelectionKey key) throws IOException {
SocketChannel clientChannel = (SocketChannel) key.channel();
ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1024);
int bytesRead = clientChannel.read(buffer);
if (bytesRead == -1) {
clientChannel.close();
} else {
buffer.flip();
byte[] data = new byte[buffer.remaining()];
buffer.get(data);
String message = new String(data, "UTF-8");
System.out.println("Received from client: " + message);
}
}
现在,您已经创建了一个使用 Java NIO 的新 I/O 构建的高性能服务器。运行此服务器后,它将能够同时处理多个客户端连接,并具有较高的吞吐量。
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