本篇文章给大家分享的是有关C++中怎么实现操作符重载,小编觉得挺实用的,因此分享给大家学习,希望大家阅读完这篇文章后可以有所收获,话不多说,跟着小编一起来看看吧。
各操作符重载的形式:
Complex operator + (const Complex& c);Complex operator - (const Complex& c);Complex operator * (const Complex& c);Complex operator / (const Complex& c);bool operator == (const Complex& c);bool operator != (const Complex& c);Complex& operator = (const Complex& c);
代码实现:
test.h头文件:
#ifndef _COMPLEX_H_#define _COMPLEX_H_class Complex{ double a; double b;public: Complex(double a = 0, double b = 0); double getA(); double getB(); double getModulus(); Complex operator + (const Complex& c); Complex operator - (const Complex& c); Complex operator * (const Complex& c); Complex operator / (const Complex& c); bool operator == (const Complex& c); bool operator != (const Complex& c); Complex& operator = (const Complex& c);};#endif
test.cpp文件:
#include "Complex.h"#include "math.h"Complex::Complex(double a, double b){ this->a = a; this->b = b;}double Complex::getA(){ return a;}double Complex::getB(){ return b;}double Complex::getModulus(){ return sqrt(a * a + b * b);}Complex Complex::operator + (const Complex& c){ double na = a + c.a; double nb = b + c.b; Complex ret(na, nb); return ret;}Complex Complex::operator - (const Complex& c){ double na = a - c.a; double nb = b - c.b; Complex ret(na, nb); return ret;}Complex Complex::operator * (const Complex& c){ double na = a * c.a - b * c.b; //实部相加 double nb = a * c.b + b * c.a; //虚部相加 Complex ret(na, nb); return ret;}Complex Complex::operator / (const Complex& c){ double cm = c.a * c.a + c.b * c.b; double na = (a * c.a + b * c.b) / cm; double nb = (b * c.a - a * c.b) / cm; Complex ret(na, nb); return ret;} bool Complex::operator == (const Complex& c){ return (a == c.a) && (b == c.b);}bool Complex::operator != (const Complex& c){ return !(*this == c);} Complex& Complex::operator = (const Complex& c){ if( this != &c ) { a = c.a; b = c.b; } return *this;}
main.cpp文件:
#include <stdio.h>#include "Complex.h"int main(){ Complex c1(1, 2); Complex c2(3, 6); Complex c3 = c2 - c1; Complex c4 = c1 * c3; Complex c5 = c2 / c1; printf("c3.a = %f, c3.b = %f\n", c3.getA(), c3.getB()); printf("c4.a = %f, c4.b = %f\n", c4.getA(), c4.getB()); printf("c5.a = %f, c5.b = %f\n", c5.getA(), c5.getB()); Complex c6(2, 4); printf("c3 == c6 : %d\n", c3 == c6); printf("c3 != c4 : %d\n", c3 != c4); (c3 = c2) = c1; printf("c1.a = %f, c1.b = %f\n", c1.getA(), c1.getB()); printf("c2.a = %f, c2.b = %f\n", c2.getA(), c2.getB()); printf("c3.a = %f, c3.b = %f\n", c3.getA(), c3.getB()); return 0;}
运行结果:
root@txp-virtual-machine:/home/txp/tt# ./a.outc3.a = 2.000000, c3.b = 4.000000c4.a = -6.000000, c4.b = 8.000000c5.a = 3.000000, c5.b = 0.000000c3 == c6 : 1c3 != c4 : 1c1.a = 1.000000, c1.b = 2.000000c2.a = 3.000000, c2.b = 6.000000c3.a = 1.000000, c3.b = 2.000000
上面设计到一些数学知识,比如复数的乘法和除法运算:
乘法:(a+bi)(c+di)=(ac-bd)+(bc+ad)i
除法:(a+bi)/(c+di) =(ac+bd)/c*c+d*d +(bc-ad)/c*c +d*d
3、注意事项:
C++规定赋值操作符"="只能重载为成员函数
操作符重载不能改变原操作符的优先级
操作符重载不能改变操作数的个数
操作符重载不应改变操作符的原有语义
二、总结:
复数的概念可以通过自定义类实现
复数中的运算操作可以通过操作符重载实现
赋值操作符只能通过成员函数实现
操作符重载的本质为函数定义
以上就是C++中怎么实现操作符重载,小编相信有部分知识点可能是我们日常工作会见到或用到的。希望你能通过这篇文章学到更多知识。更多详情敬请关注亿速云行业资讯频道。
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