C++中bitmap的压缩与解压

在C++中，可以使用第三方库如libpng、OpenCV等来实现bitmap的压缩与解压。下面是一个使用libpng库进行bitmap压缩与解压的示例代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <png.h>

void compressBitmap(const char* inputFile, const char* outputFile) {
    FILE *fp = fopen(inputFile, "rb");
    if (!fp) {
        std::cerr << "Error opening input file" << std::endl;
        return;
    }

    png_structp png = png_create_read_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    if (!png) {
        std::cerr << "Error creating read struct" << std::endl;
        fclose(fp);
        return;
    }

    png_infop info = png_create_info_struct(png);
    if (!info) {
        std::cerr << "Error creating info struct" << std::endl;
        png_destroy_read_struct(&png, NULL, NULL);
        fclose(fp);
        return;
    }

    png_init_io(png, fp);

    png_read_info(png, info);

    png_set_compression_level(png, Z_BEST_COMPRESSION);

    FILE *out = fopen(outputFile, "wb");
    if (!out) {
        std::cerr << "Error opening output file" << std::endl;
        png_destroy_read_struct(&png, &info, NULL);
        fclose(fp);
        return;
    }

    png_set_write_fn(png, out, [](png_structp png, png_bytep data, size_t length) {
        fwrite(data, 1, length, (FILE *)png_get_io_ptr(png));
    }, NULL);

    png_write_info(png, info);

    png_bytep row = new png_byte[png_get_rowbytes(png, info)];
    for (int y = 0; y < png_get_image_height(png, info); y++) {
        png_read_row(png, row, NULL);
        png_write_row(png, row);
    }

    png_write_end(png, NULL);

    delete[] row;
    fclose(out);
    png_destroy_read_struct(&png, &info, NULL);
    fclose(fp);

    std::cout << "Bitmap compressed successfully" << std::endl;
}

void decompressBitmap(const char* inputFile, const char* outputFile) {
    FILE *fp = fopen(inputFile, "rb");
    if (!fp) {
        std::cerr << "Error opening input file" << std::endl;
        return;
    }

    png_structp png = png_create_read_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    if (!png) {
        std::cerr << "Error creating read struct" << std::endl;
        fclose(fp);
        return;
    }

    png_infop info = png_create_info_struct(png);
    if (!info) {
        std::cerr << "Error creating info struct" << std::endl;
        png_destroy_read_struct(&png, NULL, NULL);
        fclose(fp);
        return;
    }

    png_init_io(png, fp);

    png_read_info(png, info);

    FILE *out = fopen(outputFile, "wb");
    if (!out) {
        std::cerr << "Error opening output file" << std::endl;
        png_destroy_read_struct(&png, &info, NULL);
        fclose(fp);
        return;
    }

    png_set_read_fn(png, out, [](png_structp png, png_bytep data, size_t length) {
        fread(data, 1, length, (FILE *)png_get_io_ptr(png));
    }, NULL);

    png_read_end(png, NULL);

    png_bytep row = new png_byte[png_get_rowbytes(png, info)];
    for (int y = 0; y < png_get_image_height(png, info); y++) {
        png_read_row(png, row, NULL);
    }

    delete[] row;
    fclose(out);
    png_destroy_read_struct(&png, &info, NULL);
    fclose(fp);

    std::cout << "Bitmap decompressed successfully" << std::endl;
}

int main() {
    compressBitmap("input.bmp", "compressed.png");
    decompressBitmap("compressed.png", "output.bmp");

    return 0;
}

在上面的示例中，我们使用libpng库来实现了对bitmap文件的压缩和解压缩操作。首先，我们使用compressBitmap函数来将输入的bitmap文件压缩成png文件，然后使用decompressBitmap函数将压缩后的png文件解压缩成bitmap文件。最后，在main函数中我们调用这两个函数来演示整个过程。