在Gson中,要实现自定义适配器,你需要创建一个自定义的TypeAdapter
,然后使用GsonBuilder
将其注册到Gson
实例中。下面是一个简单的示例,展示了如何为自定义对象创建一个自定义适配器:
Person
:public class Person {
private String name;
private int age;
// 构造函数、getter和setter方法
public Person(String name, int age) {
this.name = name;
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
}
TypeAdapter<Person>
:import com.google.gson.TypeAdapter;
import com.google.gson.stream.JsonReader;
import com.google.gson.stream.JsonWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
public class PersonAdapter extends TypeAdapter<Person> {
@Override
public void write(JsonWriter out, Person value) throws IOException {
if (value == null) {
out.nullValue();
return;
}
out.beginObject();
out.name("name").value(value.getName());
out.name("age").value(value.getAge());
out.endObject();
}
@Override
public Person read(JsonReader in) throws IOException {
if (in.peek() == null) {
in.nextNull();
return null;
}
Person person = new Person("", 0);
in.beginObject();
while (in.hasNext()) {
String name = in.nextName();
switch (name) {
case "name":
person.setName(in.nextString());
break;
case "age":
person.setAge(in.nextInt());
break;
default:
in.skipValue();
break;
}
}
in.endObject();
return person;
}
}
GsonBuilder
注册自定义适配器,并创建Gson
实例:import com.google.gson.Gson;
import com.google.gson.GsonBuilder;
public class Main {
public static void main(String[] args) {
GsonBuilder gsonBuilder = new GsonBuilder();
gsonBuilder.registerTypeAdapter(Person.class, new PersonAdapter());
Gson gson = gsonBuilder.create();
// 使用自定义适配器将Person对象序列化为JSON字符串
Person person = new Person("John Doe", 30);
String jsonString = gson.toJson(person);
System.out.println(jsonString); // 输出:{"name":"John Doe","age":30}
// 使用自定义适配器将JSON字符串反序列化为Person对象
String inputJson = "{\"name\":\"Jane Doe\",\"age\":25}";
Person deserializedPerson = gson.fromJson(inputJson, Person.class);
System.out.println(deserializedPerson.getName() + " " + deserializedPerson.getAge()); // 输出:Jane Doe 25
}
}
现在,你已经成功地为Person
类创建了一个自定义适配器,并使用它序列化和反序列化了Person
对象。