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ActionForm如何处理文件上传

小樊
83
2024-10-10 05:49:47
栏目: 编程语言

在Java Web应用中,使用Struts框架的ActionForm类处理文件上传的过程如下:

  1. 在JSP页面中创建一个表单,设置表单的enctype属性为"multipart/form-data",这样才能上传文件。例如:
<form action="upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <input type="file" name="file" />
    <input type="submit" value="Upload" />
</form>
  1. 创建一个继承自ActionForm的类,例如FileUploadForm。在这个类中,定义一个File类型的属性用于接收上传的文件,例如:
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import java.io.File;

public class FileUploadForm extends ActionForm {
    private File file;

    // Getter and Setter methods for 'file' attribute
    public File getFile() {
        return file;
    }

    public void setFile(File file) {
        this.file = file;
    }
}
  1. 创建一个继承自Action的类,例如FileUploadAction。在这个类中,重写execute方法,并在其中调用FileUploadForm的validate方法进行表单验证。如果验证通过,使用ServletFileUpload类创建一个FileUpload对象,然后调用parseRequest方法解析请求,获取FileUploadForm对象。最后,从FileUploadForm对象中获取文件属性,并使用ServletFileUpload对象的getPart方法获取FilePart对象,进而获取文件名和内容类型等信息。例如:
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import org.apache.struts.upload.ServletFileUpload;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

public class FileUploadAction extends Action {
    @Override
    public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        FileUploadForm fileUploadForm = (FileUploadForm) form;

        // Validate the form
        if (!fileUploadForm.validate()) {
            return mapping.findForward("error");
        }

        // Create a FileUpload object
        ServletFileUpload fileUpload = new ServletFileUpload();

        // Parse the request
        try {
            List<FileItem> fileItems = fileUpload.parseRequest(request);

            // Get the uploaded file
            FileItem fileItem = fileItems.get(0);
            File uploadedFile = new File(getServletContext().getRealPath("") + File.separator + fileItem.getName());
            fileItem.write(uploadedFile);

            return mapping.findForward("success");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return mapping.findForward("error");
        }
    }
}
  1. 配置Struts的struts.xml文件,将表单的action属性设置为FileUploadAction类的路径,例如:
<struts>
    <package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
        <action name="upload" class="com.example.FileUploadAction">
            <result name="success">/success.jsp</result>
            <result name="error">/error.jsp</result>
        </action>
    </package>
</struts>

现在,当用户通过表单上传文件时,Struts会将文件信息传递给FileUploadAction类,然后处理文件并将其保存到服务器上。

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