在Oracle数据库中,可以使用触发器(triggers)来实现审计功能
CREATE TABLE audit_table (
audit_id NUMBER GENERATED ALWAYS AS IDENTITY,
table_name VARCHAR2(30),
operation_type VARCHAR2(10),
user_name VARCHAR2(30),
action_date TIMESTAMP,
old_data CLOB,
new_data CLOB
);
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER audit_trigger
AFTER INSERT OR UPDATE OR DELETE ON your_table
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
v_old_data CLOB;
v_new_data CLOB;
BEGIN
-- 获取操作类型
IF INSERTING THEN
v_operation_type := 'INSERT';
ELSIF UPDATING THEN
v_operation_type := 'UPDATE';
ELSIF DELETING THEN
v_operation_type := 'DELETE';
END IF;
-- 获取旧数据
IF v_operation_type IN ('UPDATE', 'DELETE') THEN
SELECT RTRIM(XMLAGG(XMLELEMENT(e, column_value || ',').EXTRACT('//text()') ORDER BY column_id).GetClobVal(), ',')
INTO v_old_data
FROM (SELECT COLUMN_VALUE, COLUMN_ID FROM TABLE(your_table.OLD));
END IF;
-- 获取新数据
IF v_operation_type IN ('INSERT', 'UPDATE') THEN
SELECT RTRIM(XMLAGG(XMLELEMENT(e, column_value || ',').EXTRACT('//text()') ORDER BY column_id).GetClobVal(), ',')
INTO v_new_data
FROM (SELECT COLUMN_VALUE, COLUMN_ID FROM TABLE(your_table.NEW));
END IF;
-- 将审计信息插入到审计表中
INSERT INTO audit_table (table_name, operation_type, user_name, action_date, old_data, new_data)
VALUES ('your_table', v_operation_type, USER, SYSTIMESTAMP, v_old_data, v_new_data);
END;
/
请注意,将your_table
替换为您要审计的实际表名。
这个触发器会在对指定表进行插入、更新或删除操作时触发,并将相关信息(如操作类型、用户名、操作时间和数据变化)记录到审计表中。您可以根据需要调整触发器的逻辑,例如添加更多的审计字段或自定义审计信息。