在C++中实现WebSocket异步通信可以使用第三方库,比如Boost.Beast。以下是一个简单的示例代码,演示了如何使用Boost.Beast库实现WebSocket异步通信:
#include <iostream>
#include <boost/beast/core.hpp>
#include <boost/beast/websocket.hpp>
#include <boost/asio.hpp>
namespace beast = boost::beast; // from <boost/beast.hpp>
namespace http = beast::http; // from <boost/beast/http.hpp>
namespace websocket = beast::websocket; // from <boost/beast/websocket.hpp>
namespace net = boost::asio; // from <boost/asio.hpp>
using tcp = boost::asio::ip::tcp; // from <boost/asio/ip/tcp.hpp>
int main()
{
// The io_context is required for all I/O
net::io_context ioc;
// These objects perform our asynchronous I/O
tcp::resolver resolver{ioc};
websocket::stream<tcp::socket> ws{ioc};
// Look up the domain name
auto const results = resolver.resolve("echo.websocket.org", "80");
// Make the connection on the IP address we get from a lookup
net::connect(ws.next_layer(), results.begin(), results.end());
// Perform the websocket handshake
ws.handshake("echo.websocket.org", "/");
// Send a message
ws.async_write(net::buffer(std::string("Hello, world!")), [](beast::error_code ec, std::size_t) {
if (ec)
std::cerr << "write error: " << ec.message() << std::endl;
});
// Receive the echo message
ws.async_read(buffer, [](beast::error_code ec, std::size_t) {
if (ec)
std::cerr << "read error: " << ec.message() << std::endl;
else
std::cout << buffer.data() << std::endl;
});
// Run the I/O service. The call will return when the socket is closed.
ioc.run();
return 0;
}
在上面的示例中,我们首先创建了一个io_context
对象,用于处理异步I/O操作。然后创建了一个resolver
对象和一个websocket::stream
对象,用于解析主机名和进行WebSocket通信。接下来,我们通过resolver解析主机名,并通过connect
函数连接到主机。然后通过handshake
函数进行WebSocket握手。最后,我们使用async_write
函数发送消息,并使用async_read
函数接收响应消息。
需要注意的是,由于这是一个异步通信示例,因此在最后调用ioc.run()
来启动异步操作的事件循环。在循环中,所有操作将被异步执行,直到连接关闭为止。