Linux C++网络编程怎样入门

#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <unistd.h>

int main() {
    int server_fd, new_socket;
    struct sockaddr_in address;
    int opt = 1;
    int addrlen = sizeof(address);
    char buffer[1024] = {0};

    // 创建socket文件描述符
    if ((server_fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == 0) {
        perror("socket failed");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    // 设置socket选项
    if (setsockopt(server_fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_REUSEADDR | SO_REUSEPORT, &opt, sizeof(opt))) {
        perror("setsockopt");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    // 绑定socket到端口
    address.sin_family = AF_INET;
    address.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
    address.sin_port = htons(8080);

    if (bind(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, sizeof(address)) < 0) {
        perror("bind failed");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    // 监听连接
    if (listen(server_fd, 3) < 0) {
        perror("listen");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }

    while (true) {
        std::cout << "Waiting for connections..." << std::endl;
        if ((new_socket = accept(server_fd, (struct sockaddr *)&address, (socklen_t*)&addrlen)) < 0) {
            perror("accept");
            continue;
        }

        std::cout << "Connection established with client!" << std::endl;

        // 读取客户端发送的数据
        read(new_socket, buffer, 1024);
        std::cout << "Message from client: " << buffer << std::endl;

        // 发送响应给客户端
        send(new_socket, "Hello from server", 17, 0);
        std::cout << "Response sent to client!" << std::endl;

        // 关闭连接
        close(new_socket);
    }

    return 0;
}

#include <iostream>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>

int main() {
    int sock = 0;
    struct sockaddr_in serv_addr;
    char buffer[1024] = {0};

    // 创建socket文件描述符
    if ((sock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) < 0) {
        std::cout << "\n Socket creation error \n";
        return -1;
    }

    serv_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serv_addr.sin_port = htons(8080);

    // 将IPv4地址从文本转换为二进制形式
    if (inet_pton(AF_INET, "127.0.0.1", &serv_addr.sin_addr) <= 0) {
        std::cout << "\nInvalid address/ Address not supported \n";
        return -1;
    }

    // 连接到服务器
    if (connect(sock, (struct sockaddr *)&serv_addr, sizeof(serv_addr)) < 0) {
        std::cout << "\nConnection Failed \n";
        return -1;
    }

    std::string message = "Hello from client";
    send(sock, message.c_str(), message.size(), 0);
    std::cout << "Message sent to server: " << message << std::endl;

    // 读取服务器发送的响应
    read(sock, buffer, 1024);
    std::cout << "Message from server: " << buffer << std::endl;

    // 关闭连接
    close(sock);

    return 0;
}