在Spring Boot中,我们可以使用Kafka的MessageDelayQueue
和KafkaTemplate
来实现消息延迟处理。下面是一个简单的示例:
pom.xml
文件中添加以下依赖:<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
</dependency>
KafkaTemplate
和一个DelayQueue
的Bean。@Configuration
public class KafkaConfig {
@Value("${kafka.bootstrap-servers}")
private String bootstrapServers;
@Bean
public KafkaTemplate<String, String> kafkaTemplate() {
return new KafkaTemplate<>(new DefaultKafkaProducerFactory<>(producerConfigs()));
}
@Bean
public Map<String, Object> producerConfigs() {
Map<String, Object> configProps = new HashMap<>();
configProps.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, bootstrapServers);
configProps.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
configProps.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
return configProps;
}
@Bean
public DelayQueue<DelayedMessage> delayQueue() {
return new DelayQueue<>();
}
}
DelayedMessage
类,用于存储延迟消息和它们的延迟时间。public class DelayedMessage implements Delayed {
private final String message;
private final long deliveryTime;
public DelayedMessage(String message, long deliveryTime) {
this.message = message;
this.deliveryTime = deliveryTime;
}
public String getMessage() {
return message;
}
@Override
public long getDelay(TimeUnit unit) {
return unit.convert(deliveryTime - System.currentTimeMillis(), TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
}
@Override
public int compareTo(Delayed o) {
return Long.compare(this.deliveryTime, ((DelayedMessage) o).deliveryTime);
}
}
ConsumerAwareErrorHandler
接口,以便在发生错误时处理它们。@Service
public class DelayedMessageConsumer {
@Autowired
private KafkaTemplate<String, String> kafkaTemplate;
@Autowired
private DelayQueue<DelayedMessage> delayQueue;
@KafkaListener(topics = "${kafka.topic}", groupId = "${kafka.group}")
public void listen(ConsumerRecord<String, String> record) {
// 解析消息中的延迟时间(以毫秒为单位)
long deliveryTime = Long.parseLong(record.value());
// 创建一个DelayedMessage实例并将其添加到延迟队列中
DelayedMessage delayedMessage = new DelayedMessage(record.value(), deliveryTime);
delayQueue.put(delayedMessage);
}
@Override
public void handleError(Exception thrownException) {
// 处理错误
}
}
application.properties
文件中配置Kafka相关的属性。kafka.bootstrap-servers=localhost:9092
kafka.topic=delayed-message-topic
kafka.group=delayed-message-group
现在,当你的应用程序向指定的Kafka主题发送消息时,这些消息将被延迟一定的时间(在发送消息时指定),然后由DelayedMessageConsumer
消费者处理。