java socket编程如何实现双向通信

在Java中，使用Socket编程实现双向通信需要创建两个线程，一个用于客户端发送数据，另一个用于服务器接收数据。以下是一个简单的示例，展示了如何使用Java Socket实现双向通信。

服务器端代码（Server.java）：

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class Server {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        int port = 12345;
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port);
        System.out.println("Server is listening on port " + port);

        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept();
        System.out.println("Client connected");

        // 创建两个线程，分别用于读取客户端发送的数据和向客户端发送数据
        Thread readerThread = new Thread(new ClientReader(socket));
        Thread writerThread = new Thread(new ClientWriter(socket));

        readerThread.start();
        writerThread.start();
    }
}

class ClientReader implements Runnable {
    private Socket socket;

    public ClientReader(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try (BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()))) {
            String inputLine;
            while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println("Received from client: " + inputLine);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

class ClientWriter implements Runnable {
    private Socket socket;

    public ClientWriter(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try (PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true)) {
            String response;
            while ((response = "Server response: ".readLine()) != null) {
                out.println(response);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

客户端代码（Client.java）：

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;

public class Client {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        String serverAddress = "localhost";
        int port = 12345;

        Socket socket = new Socket(serverAddress, port);
        System.out.println("Connected to server");

        // 创建两个线程，分别用于向服务器发送数据和接收服务器的响应
        Thread senderThread = new Thread(new ServerSender(socket));
        Thread receiverThread = new Thread(new ServerReceiver(socket));

        senderThread.start();
        receiverThread.start();
    }
}

class ServerSender implements Runnable {
    private Socket socket;

    public ServerSender(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try (PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(socket.getOutputStream(), true)) {
            String message;
            while ((message = "Client message: ".readLine()) != null) {
                out.println(message);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

class ServerReceiver implements Runnable {
    private Socket socket;

    public ServerReceiver(Socket socket) {
        this.socket = socket;
    }

    @Override
    public void run() {
        try (BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()))) {
            String inputLine;
            while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println("Received from server: " + inputLine);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

在这个示例中，服务器监听指定端口（例如12345），当客户端连接到服务器时，服务器会创建两个线程，一个用于读取客户端发送的数据，另一个用于向客户端发送数据。客户端也创建了两个线程，一个用于向服务器发送数据，另一个用于接收服务器的响应。这样，客户端和服务器就可以通过这两个线程实现双向通信。

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