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C++ WinHttp如何处理响应头

c++
小樊
89
2024-08-29 16:49:38
栏目: 编程语言

在 C++ 中,使用 WinHTTP 库处理 HTTP 响应头的方法如下:

  1. 首先,确保已经包含了必要的头文件并链接到了 winhttp.lib 库。
#include<iostream>
#include<windows.h>
#include <winhttp.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "winhttp.lib")
  1. 使用 WinHttpOpen()WinHttpConnect()WinHttpOpenRequest() 函数初始化 HTTP 请求。

  2. 使用 WinHttpSendRequest() 函数发送 HTTP 请求。

  3. 使用 WinHttpReceiveResponse() 函数接收 HTTP 响应。

  4. 使用 WinHttpQueryHeaders() 函数查询和处理响应头。

以下是一个完整的示例代码:

#include<iostream>
#include<windows.h>
#include <winhttp.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "winhttp.lib")

int main() {
    // 初始化 HTTP 会话
    HINTERNET hSession = WinHttpOpen(L"MyUserAgent", WINHTTP_ACCESS_TYPE_DEFAULT_PROXY, WINHTTP_NO_PROXY_NAME, WINHTTP_NO_PROXY_BYPASS, 0);
    if (!hSession) {
        std::cerr << "Error opening HTTP session."<< std::endl;
        return -1;
    }

    // 连接到服务器
    HINTERNET hConnect = WinHttpConnect(hSession, L"example.com", INTERNET_DEFAULT_HTTPS_PORT, 0);
    if (!hConnect) {
        std::cerr << "Error connecting to server."<< std::endl;
        WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);
        return -1;
    }

    // 打开 HTTP 请求
    HINTERNET hRequest = WinHttpOpenRequest(hConnect, L"GET", L"/path", NULL, WINHTTP_NO_REFERER, WINHTTP_DEFAULT_ACCEPT_TYPES, WINHTTP_FLAG_SECURE);
    if (!hRequest) {
        std::cerr << "Error opening request."<< std::endl;
        WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);
        WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);
        return -1;
    }

    // 发送 HTTP 请求
    BOOL bResult = WinHttpSendRequest(hRequest, WINHTTP_NO_ADDITIONAL_HEADERS, 0, WINHTTP_NO_REQUEST_DATA, 0, 0, 0);
    if (!bResult) {
        std::cerr << "Error sending request."<< std::endl;
        WinHttpCloseHandle(hRequest);
        WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);
        WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);
        return -1;
    }

    // 接收 HTTP 响应
    bResult = WinHttpReceiveResponse(hRequest, NULL);
    if (!bResult) {
        std::cerr << "Error receiving response."<< std::endl;
        WinHttpCloseHandle(hRequest);
        WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);
        WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);
        return -1;
    }

    // 查询和处理响应头
    DWORD dwSize = 0;
    WinHttpQueryHeaders(hRequest, WINHTTP_QUERY_RAW_HEADERS_CRLF, WINHTTP_HEADER_NAME_BY_INDEX, NULL, &dwSize, WINHTTP_NO_HEADER_INDEX);
    std::wstring headers(dwSize / sizeof(wchar_t), L'\0');
    bResult = WinHttpQueryHeaders(hRequest, WINHTTP_QUERY_RAW_HEADERS_CRLF, WINHTTP_HEADER_NAME_BY_INDEX, &headers[0], &dwSize, WINHTTP_NO_HEADER_INDEX);
    if (!bResult) {
        std::cerr << "Error querying headers."<< std::endl;
        WinHttpCloseHandle(hRequest);
        WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);
        WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);
        return -1;
    }

    std::wcout << L"Response headers:"<< std::endl<< headers<< std::endl;

    // 关闭句柄
    WinHttpCloseHandle(hRequest);
    WinHttpCloseHandle(hConnect);
    WinHttpCloseHandle(hSession);

    return 0;
}

这个示例代码将连接到 example.com 服务器,发送一个 GET 请求,然后输出响应头。注意,你需要根据实际情况修改服务器地址和请求路径。

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