Kafka 本身没有内置的消息重试机制,但你可以通过编写消费者脚本来实现消息重试。以下是一个简单的示例,展示了如何在 Python 中使用 confluent_kafka
库实现消息重试机制:
from confluent_kafka import Consumer, KafkaError, KafkaException
import time
def consume_messages(broker, group_id, topics):
conf = {
'bootstrap.servers': broker,
'group.id': group_id,
'auto.offset.reset': 'earliest'
}
consumer = Consumer(conf)
consumer.subscribe(topics)
retries = 3
while retries > 0:
try:
msg = consumer.poll(timeout=1.0)
if msg is None:
continue
elif msg.error():
if msg.error().code() == KafkaError._PARTITION_EOF:
print(f"Reached end of partition {msg.topic()} [{msg.partition()}] at offset {msg.offset()}")
else:
raise KafkaException(msg.error())
else:
print(f"Received message: {msg.value().decode('utf-8')}")
retries = 0 # 重试次数已用完,退出循环
except KafkaException as e:
print(f"Error occurred: {e}")
retries -= 1
time.sleep(1) # 等待1秒后重试
consumer.close()
if __name__ == '__main__':
broker = 'localhost:9092'
group_id = 'my-group'
topics = ['my-topic']
consume_messages(broker, group_id, topics)
在这个示例中,我们定义了一个名为 consume_messages
的函数,它接受 Kafka 代理地址、消费者组 ID 和要订阅的主题列表作为参数。我们使用 confluent_kafka
库创建一个消费者,并尝试从主题中获取消息。如果遇到错误(如分区结束),我们会检查错误代码并根据需要重试。如果重试次数用完,我们将退出循环并关闭消费者。