Oracle的分析函数(Analytic Functions)是一种强大的工具,它们允许你在查询中对数据进行复杂的计算和分析。这些函数可以直接嵌入到SQL查询中,提供对数据的即时分析,而不需要对数据进行额外的处理或分组。
以下是一些常用的Oracle分析函数及其应用场景:
SELECT AVG(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM employees;
SELECT COUNT(department_id) FROM employees;
SELECT MIN(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT MAX(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT SUM(salary) FROM employees;
SELECT DENSE_RANK() OVER (ORDER BY salary DESC) AS rank FROM employees;
SELECT RANK() OVER (ORDER BY salary DESC) AS rank FROM employees;
SELECT salary, LAG(salary) OVER (ORDER BY salary) AS prev_salary FROM employees;
SELECT salary, LEAD(salary) OVER (ORDER BY salary) AS next_salary FROM employees;
SELECT FIRST_VALUE(salary) OVER (ORDER BY salary) AS first_salary FROM employees;
SELECT LAST_VALUE(salary) OVER (ORDER BY salary) AS last_salary FROM employees;
SELECT salary, SUM(salary) OVER (ORDER BY salary rows BETWEEN unbounded PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) AS running_total_salary FROM employees;
SELECT salary, AVG(salary) OVER (ORDER BY salary rows BETWEEN unbounded PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) AS running_avg_salary FROM employees;
了解这些函数的使用方法并结合实际的数据分析需求,可以帮助你更有效地从Oracle数据库中提取有价值的信息。