要正确配置Kafka依赖,请按照以下步骤操作:
在Maven项目的pom.xml文件中,添加Kafka客户端的依赖项。将以下代码添加到<dependencies>
标签内:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
<artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>
<version>2.8.0</version> <!-- 请使用适合您项目的版本 -->
</dependency>
对于Gradle项目,在build.gradle文件的dependencies部分添加以下代码:
implementation 'org.apache.kafka:kafka-clients:2.8.0' // 请使用适合您项目的版本
在项目的配置文件(如application.properties或application.yml)中,添加Kafka相关配置。以下是一些常用配置示例:
application.properties:
spring.kafka.bootstrap-servers=localhost:9092
spring.kafka.consumer.group-id=my-group
spring.kafka.consumer.auto-offset-reset=earliest
spring.kafka.consumer.key-deserializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
spring.kafka.consumer.value-deserializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
spring.kafka.producer.key-serializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
spring.kafka.producer.value-serializer=org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
application.yml:
spring:
kafka:
bootstrap-servers: localhost:9092
consumer:
group-id: my-group
auto-offset-reset: earliest
key-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
value-deserializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer
producer:
key-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
value-serializer: org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer
请根据您的实际需求修改这些配置,例如Kafka服务器地址、消费者组ID、序列化/反序列化器等。
在您的项目中创建Kafka生产者(Producer)和消费者(Consumer)类,并使用上面配置的属性进行实例化。以下是一个简单的示例:
Kafka生产者示例(Producer):
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;
import java.util.Properties;
public class MyKafkaProducer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Properties props = new Properties();
props.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");
props.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
props.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
KafkaProducer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);
producer.send(new ProducerRecord<>("my-topic", "key", "value"));
producer.close();
}
}
Kafka消费者示例(Consumer):
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecords;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.KafkaConsumer;
import java.time.Duration;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Properties;
public class MyKafkaConsumer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Properties props = new Properties();
props.put("bootstrap.servers", "localhost:9092");
props.put("group.id", "my-group");
props.put("key.deserializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer");
props.put("value.deserializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer");
KafkaConsumer<String, String> consumer = new KafkaConsumer<>(props);
consumer.subscribe(Collections.singletonList("my-topic"));
while (true) {
ConsumerRecords<String, String> records = consumer.poll(Duration.ofMillis(100));
for (ConsumerRecord<String, String> record : records) {
System.out.printf("offset = %d, key = %s, value = %s%n", record.offset(), record.key(), record.value());
}
}
}
}
确保Kafka服务器正在运行,并根据需要修改生产者和消费者代码中的主题(topic)名称。现在,您已经正确配置了Kafka依赖并在项目中使用了Kafka生产者与消费者。