如何使用Jackson工具对Java对象、Json和Xml进行转换

发布时间：2020-06-15 10:34:58 来源：亿速云阅读：1299 作者：Leah 栏目：编程语言

如何使用Jackson工具对Java对象、Json和Xml进行转换？针对这个问题，这篇文章给出了相对应的分析和解答，希望能帮助更多想解决这个问题的朋友找到更加简单易行的办法。

在Java项目中將一个对象转换成一段Json格式的字符串是非常常见的，能够实现这种需求的工具包也比较多，例如Gson、JSON-lib、Jackson等等。本文主要介绍Jackson的使用，Jackson除了能实现Java对象与Json串的互转外，还能將Java对象转换为Xml格式，使用较为简单而且据说效率比较高。
对于Jackson的jar包我们可以从maven资源库中下载：http://www.php.cn/

所需jar包如下，按照名称搜索下载即可。

接下来编写测试用例，我们需要一个java类：

package com.csii.jackson.object;
public class Book{    
private String name;    
private int price;    
public String getName() {        
return name;
    }    public void setName(String name) {        
    this.name = name;
    }    public int getPrice() {        
    return price;
    }    public void setPrice(int price) {        
    this.price = price;
    }    public Book() {

    }    public Book(String name,int price) {        
    this.name = name;        
    this.price = price;
    } 
    @Override    
    public String toString() { 
        return "name:" + name +"; price:" + price;
    }

}

1.將Java对象转换为Json字符串：

    @Test    public void testGenJson()
    {
        ObjectMapper objMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        Book book = new Book("Think in Java",100);        try {
            jsonGen = objMapper.getJsonFactory().createJsonGenerator(System.out,JsonEncoding.UTF8);
            jsonGen.writeObject(book);
        } catch (IOException e) { 
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
    }

运行测试方法，控制台输出：

{"name":"Think in Java","price":100}

2.將Json字符串转为Java对象：

    /*
     * Json转Java对象
     */
    @Test    public void testGenObjByJson()
    {
        ObjectMapper objMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        String json = "{\"name\":\"Think in Java\",\"price\":100}"; 
        try {
            Book book = objMapper.readValue(json, Book.class);
            System.out.println(book);
        } catch (IOException e) { 
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  
    }

由于我们重写了Book类的toString方法，运行测试方法，控制台输出：

name:Think in Java; price:100

3.將Java对象转为Xml格式：

     /*
     * Java对象转xml
     */
    @Test    public void testGenXml()
    {
        XmlMapper xmlMapper = new XmlMapper();

        Book book = new Book("Think in Java",100);        try {
            String xmlStr =  xmlMapper.writeValueAsString(book);
            System.out.println(xmlStr);
        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) { 
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

运行测试方法，控制台输出：

<Book xmlns=""><name>Think in Java</name><price>100</price></Book>

4.將xml格式字符串转为Java对象：

    /*
     * xml转Java对象
     */
    @Test    public void testGenObjByXml()
    {
        XmlMapper xmlMapper = new XmlMapper();
        String xmlStr = "<Book><name>Think in Java</name><price>100</price></Book>"; 
        try {
            Book book = xmlMapper.readValue(xmlStr, Book.class);
            System.out.println(book);
        } catch (IOException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

输出内容：

name:Think in Java; price:100

完整的测试用例代码：

package com.csii.jackson.test;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.csii.jackson.object.Book;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonEncoding;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.xml.XmlMapper;
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public class JsonTest { 
    private JsonGenerator jsonGen = null;
    /*
     * Java对象转 Json
     */
    @Test
    public void testGenJson()
    {
        ObjectMapper objMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        Book book = new Book("Think in Java",100);
        try {
            jsonGen = objMapper.getJsonFactory().createJsonGenerator(System.out,JsonEncoding.UTF8);
            jsonGen.writeObject(book);
        } catch (IOException e) { 
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
    }    /*
     * Json转Java对象
     */
    @Test
    public void testGenObjByJson()
    {
        ObjectMapper objMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        String json = "{\"name\":\"Think in Java\",\"price\":100}"; 
        try {
            Book book = objMapper.readValue(json, Book.class);
            System.out.println(book);
        } catch (IOException e) { 
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  
    }    /*
     * Java对象转xml
     */
    @Test
    public void testGenXml()
    {
        XmlMapper xmlMapper = new XmlMapper();

        Book book = new Book("Think in Java",100);
        try {
            String xmlStr =  xmlMapper.writeValueAsString(book);
            System.out.println(xmlStr);
        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) { 
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }    /*
     * xml转Java对象
     */
    @Test
    public void testGenObjByXml()
    {
        XmlMapper xmlMapper = new XmlMapper();
        String xmlStr = "<Book><name>Think in Java</name><price>100</price></Book>"; 
        try {
            Book book = xmlMapper.readValue(xmlStr, Book.class);
            System.out.println(book);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

所需jar包如下，按照名称搜索下载即可。

如何使用Jackson工具对Java对象、Json和Xml进行转换

接下来编写测试用例，我们需要一个java类：

package com.csii.jackson.object;
public class Book{    
private String name;    
private int price;    
public String getName() {        
return name;
    }    public void setName(String name) {        
    this.name = name;
    }    public int getPrice() {        
    return price;
    }    public void setPrice(int price) {        
    this.price = price;
    }    public Book() {

    }    public Book(String name,int price) {        
    this.name = name;        
    this.price = price;
    } 
    @Override    
    public String toString() { 
        return "name:" + name +"; price:" + price;
    }

}

1.將Java对象转换为Json字符串：

    @Test    public void testGenJson()
    {
        ObjectMapper objMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        Book book = new Book("Think in Java",100);        try {
            jsonGen = objMapper.getJsonFactory().createJsonGenerator(System.out,JsonEncoding.UTF8);
            jsonGen.writeObject(book);
        } catch (IOException e) { 
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
    }

运行测试方法，控制台输出：

{"name":"Think in Java","price":100}

2.將Json字符串转为Java对象：

    /*
     * Json转Java对象
     */
    @Test    public void testGenObjByJson()
    {
        ObjectMapper objMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        String json = "{\"name\":\"Think in Java\",\"price\":100}"; 
        try {
            Book book = objMapper.readValue(json, Book.class);
            System.out.println(book);
        } catch (IOException e) { 
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  
    }

由于我们重写了Book类的toString方法，运行测试方法，控制台输出：

name:Think in Java; price:100

3.將Java对象转为Xml格式：

     /*
     * Java对象转xml
     */
    @Test    public void testGenXml()
    {
        XmlMapper xmlMapper = new XmlMapper();

        Book book = new Book("Think in Java",100);        try {
            String xmlStr =  xmlMapper.writeValueAsString(book);
            System.out.println(xmlStr);
        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) { 
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

运行测试方法，控制台输出：

<Book xmlns=""><name>Think in Java</name><price>100</price></Book>

4.將xml格式字符串转为Java对象：

    /*
     * xml转Java对象
     */
    @Test    public void testGenObjByXml()
    {
        XmlMapper xmlMapper = new XmlMapper();
        String xmlStr = "<Book><name>Think in Java</name><price>100</price></Book>"; 
        try {
            Book book = xmlMapper.readValue(xmlStr, Book.class);
            System.out.println(book);
        } catch (IOException e) {            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

输出内容：

name:Think in Java; price:100

完整的测试用例代码：

package com.csii.jackson.test;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.junit.Test;
import com.csii.jackson.object.Book;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonEncoding;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonGenerator;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat.xml.XmlMapper;
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public class JsonTest { 
    private JsonGenerator jsonGen = null;
    /*
     * Java对象转 Json
     */
    @Test
    public void testGenJson()
    {
        ObjectMapper objMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        Book book = new Book("Think in Java",100);
        try {
            jsonGen = objMapper.getJsonFactory().createJsonGenerator(System.out,JsonEncoding.UTF8);
            jsonGen.writeObject(book);
        } catch (IOException e) { 
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
    }    /*
     * Json转Java对象
     */
    @Test
    public void testGenObjByJson()
    {
        ObjectMapper objMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        String json = "{\"name\":\"Think in Java\",\"price\":100}"; 
        try {
            Book book = objMapper.readValue(json, Book.class);
            System.out.println(book);
        } catch (IOException e) { 
            e.printStackTrace();
        }  
    }    /*
     * Java对象转xml
     */
    @Test
    public void testGenXml()
    {
        XmlMapper xmlMapper = new XmlMapper();

        Book book = new Book("Think in Java",100);
        try {
            String xmlStr =  xmlMapper.writeValueAsString(book);
            System.out.println(xmlStr);
        } catch (JsonProcessingException e) { 
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }    /*
     * xml转Java对象
     */
    @Test
    public void testGenObjByXml()
    {
        XmlMapper xmlMapper = new XmlMapper();
        String xmlStr = "<Book><name>Think in Java</name><price>100</price></Book>"; 
        try {
            Book book = xmlMapper.readValue(xmlStr, Book.class);
            System.out.println(book);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            // TODO Auto-generated catch block
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

以上就是使用Jackson工具对Java对象、Json和Xml进行转换的方法，详细使用情况还需要大家自己亲自动手使用过才能领会。如果想了解更多相关内容，欢迎关注亿速云行业资讯频道！

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