小编这次要给大家分享的是python如何使用事件对象asyncio.Event来同步协程,文章内容丰富,感兴趣的小伙伴可以来了解一下,希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后能够有所收获。
事件对象asyncio.Event是基于threading.Event来实现的。
事件可以一个信号触发多个协程同步工作,
例子如下:
import asyncio import functools def set_event(event): print('setting event in callback') event.set() async def coro1(event): print('coro1 waiting for event') await event.wait() print('coro1 triggered') async def coro2(event): print('coro2 waiting for event') await event.wait() print('coro2 triggered') async def main(loop): # Create a shared event event = asyncio.Event() print('event start state: {}'.format(event.is_set())) loop.call_later( 0.1, functools.partial(set_event, event) ) await asyncio.wait([coro1(event), coro2(event)]) print('event end state: {}'.format(event.is_set())) event_loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() try: event_loop.run_until_complete(main(event_loop)) finally: event_loop.close()
输出如下:
event start state: False coro2 waiting for event coro1 waiting for event setting event in callback coro2 triggered coro1 triggered event end state: True
补充知识: python里使用协程来创建echo客户端
在这个例子里使用asyncio.Protocol来创建一个echo客户端,先导入库asyncio和logging。
接着定义发送的消息MESSAGES。
创建连接服务器的地址SERVER_ADDRESS,接着创建EchoClient类,它是继承asyncio.Protocol。
在这个类的构造函数里,接收两个参数messages和future,
messages是指定要发送的消息数据,future是用来通知socket接收数据完成或者服务器关闭socket的事件通知,以便事件循环知道这个协程已经完成了,就可以退出整个程序。
connection_made函数是当socket连接到服务器时调用,它就立即发送数据给服务器,数据发送完成之后发送了eof标记。
服务器收到数据和标志都回复客户端,客户端data_received函数接收数据,eof_received函数接收结束标记。
connection_lost函数收到服务器断开连接。
这行代码:
client_completed = asyncio.Future()
创建一个协程完成的触发事件。
由于event_loop.create_connection函数只能接收一个参数,需要使用functools.partial来进行多个参数包装成一个参数。
后面通过事件循环来运行协程。
import asyncio import functools import logging import sys MESSAGES = [ b'This is the message. ', b'It will be sent ', b'in parts.', ] SERVER_ADDRESS = ('localhost', 10000) class EchoClient(asyncio.Protocol): def __init__(self, messages, future): super().__init__() self.messages = messages self.log = logging.getLogger('EchoClient') self.f = future def connection_made(self, transport): self.transport = transport self.address = transport.get_extra_info('peername') self.log.debug( 'connecting to {} port {}'.format(*self.address) ) # This could be transport.writelines() except that # would make it harder to show each part of the message # being sent. for msg in self.messages: transport.write(msg) self.log.debug('sending {!r}'.format(msg)) if transport.can_write_eof(): transport.write_eof() def data_received(self, data): self.log.debug('received {!r}'.format(data)) def eof_received(self): self.log.debug('received EOF') self.transport.close() if not self.f.done(): self.f.set_result(True) def connection_lost(self, exc): self.log.debug('server closed connection') self.transport.close() if not self.f.done(): self.f.set_result(True) super().connection_lost(exc) logging.basicConfig( level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(name)s: %(message)s', stream=sys.stderr, ) log = logging.getLogger('main') event_loop = asyncio.get_event_loop() client_completed = asyncio.Future() client_factory = functools.partial( EchoClient, messages=MESSAGES, future=client_completed, ) factory_coroutine = event_loop.create_connection( client_factory, *SERVER_ADDRESS, ) log.debug('waiting for client to complete') try: event_loop.run_until_complete(factory_coroutine) event_loop.run_until_complete(client_completed) finally: log.debug('closing event loop') event_loop.close()
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