这篇文章主要介绍了如何使用Python实现的文轩网爬虫，具有一定借鉴价值，感兴趣的朋友可以参考下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后大有收获，下面让小编带着大家一起了解一下。
具体如下：
encoding=utf8 import pymysql import time import sys import requests import os #捕获错误 import traceback import types #将html实体化 import cgi import warnings reload(sys) sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8') from pyquery import PyQuery as pq from lxml import etree sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8') #屏蔽错误 warnings.filterwarnings("ignore") #下载图片 def dowloadPic(imageUrl,filePath): r = requests.get(imageUrl,timeout=60) status=r.status_code if status == 404: return 404 with open(filePath, "wb") as code: code.write(r.content) #根据详情页地址抓取数据并插入数据库 def getData(final_url): file_open=open('./url.txt', 'w') file_open.write(final_url) file_open.close() #链接数据库 conn = pymysql.connect(host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, user='root', passwd='root', db='bookinfo', charset='utf8') #设置浮标 cursor = conn.cursor(cursor=pymysql.cursors.DictCursor) #解析详情页面 try: detail_url=final_url c=pq(detail_url) head=c('html').attr('xmlns') err='http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml' err1='http://www.winxuan.com/cms/2016db_sh' if head == err or head == err1: return 'back' except Exception, e: return 'back' i=0 while i<12: text = c('#page').find('.cont').find('li').eq(i).text() text=text.replace(' ','') if 'I S B N' in text: isbn=text.replace('I S B N：','') isbn=isbn.strip() sel='select count(*) from bi_book where isbn ='+isbn cursor.execute(sel) result=cursor.fetchone() count=result['count(*)'] if count != 0 : print u'已存在' return 'back' if 'isbn：' in text : isbn=text.replace('isbn：','') isbn=isbn.strip() sel='select count(*) from bi_book where isbn ='+isbn cursor.execute(sel) result=cursor.fetchone() count=result['count(*)'] if count != 0 : print u'已存在' return 'back' if '作者：' in text : author = text.replace('作者：','') if '出版社：' in text : press_name=text.replace('出版社：','') if '版次：' in text : edition=text.replace('版次：','') if '印次：' in text : impressions=text.replace('印次：','') if '装帧：' in text : packaging=text.replace('装帧：','') if '开本：' in text: size=text.replace('开本：','') if '出版时间：' in text: press_time=text.replace('出版时间：','') press_time=press_time.strip() if press_time == '无': press_time='1970-01-01' if '印刷时间：' in text: print_time=text.replace('印刷时间：','') print_time=print_time.strip() if print_time== '无': print_time='1970-01-01' if '页数：' in text: page_num=text.replace('页数：','') if '字数：' in text: word_num=text.replace('字数：','') i+=1 if ('author' in locals().keys()) == False: author = '' if ('press_time' in locals().keys()) == False: press_time = '1970-01-01' if ('print_time' in locals().keys()) == False: print_time = '1970-01-01' if ('impressions' in locals().keys()) == False: impressions = '' if ('edition' in locals().keys())== False: edition = '' if ('page_num' in locals().keys())== False: page_num = '' if ('word_num' in locals().keys())== False: word_num = '' if ('packaging' in locals().keys())== False: packaging = '' if ('size' in locals().keys())== False: size = '' if ('press_name' in locals().keys())== False: press_name = '' #暂无图片地址 none_img='https://cache.yisu.com/upload/information/20200622/113/35179.jpg' #获取大小图地址 big_path=c('.info-side').find('.img').find('a').find('img').attr('src') if big_path is None: return 'back' elif big_path == none_img : big_path='' small_path='' else : small_path=big_path.replace('_16','_11') #获取分类 #先获取a标签html ahtml=c('#page').find('.base-nav').eq(0).html() #解析a标签html cate=pq(ahtml) #获取分类的最后一个分类 category=cate('a:last').text() #获取书名 name=c('.info-main').find('.name').eq(0).find('h2').eq(0).text() name=name.strip() #获取价格 price=c('.info-main').find('.attr').eq(0).find('.price-n').eq(0).find('b').text() price=price.replace('¥','') #循环获取内容简介和目录信息 k=5 while k<12: title=c('#page').find('.title').eq(k).find('.tab').find('h5').text() if '内容简介' in title: con=c('#page').find('.title').eq(k).nextAll() det=pq(con) content=det('.text-words-1').html() content=content.encode("utf8", "ignore"); if '目录' in title: con=c('#page').find('.title').eq(k).nextAll() dry=pq(con) directory=dry('.text-words-1').html() directory=directory.encode("utf8", "ignore"); k+=1 #如果内容简介和目录没有的时候指定为空字符串 if ('content' in locals().keys())== False: content = '' if ('directory' in locals().keys())== False: directory = '' details = '内容简介<br>'+content+'<br><br>目录<br>'+directory details=cgi.escape(details) #录入时间 add_time = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d',time.localtime(time.time())) #下载小图 #文件根目录 root_path=sys.path[0] #创建isbn文件夹路径 root_path=root_path.replace('\\','/') isbn_path=root_path+'/download/'+isbn if big_path != '' and small_path !='' : #创建isbn目录 if os.path.isdir(isbn_path) ==False : os.mkdir(isbn_path) #组合下载后图片保存路径 down_img_small = isbn_path+"/small"+isbn+".jpg" down_img_big = isbn_path+'/big'+isbn+".jpg" #调用下载图片方法 small_res=dowloadPic(small_path,down_img_small) #大图保存数据库路径 big_res=dowloadPic(big_path,down_img_big) #小图保存数据库路径 if small_res==404 : img_small = 'none-picture/none-small.jpg' else : img_small = 'download/'+isbn+'/small'+isbn+'.jpg' if big_res==404 : img_big = 'none-picture/none-big.jpg' else : img_big = 'download/'+isbn+'/big'+isbn+'.jpg' else : #组合保存数据库中的图片路径 img_small = 'download/'+isbn+'/small'+isbn+'.jpg' img_big = 'download/'+isbn+'/big'+isbn+'.jpg' else : img_big = 'none-picture/none-big.jpg' img_small = 'none-picture/none-small.jpg' source_type = 3 try : #要插入的列表 li=[0,source_type,category,details,detail_url,price,add_time,packaging,print_time,impressions,name,author,press_name,isbn,edition,size,press_time,page_num,word_num,img_big,img_small] #执行sql sql="insert into bi_book (book_id,source_type,category,details,detail_url,price,add_time,packaging,print_time,impressions,name,author,press_name,isbn,edition,size,press_time,page_num,word_num,img_big,img_small) values(%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s,%s)" aaa=cursor.execute(sql,li) if aaa==1: print u'插入成功' conn.commit() except Exception, e : return 'back' def winxuan(n): #首页解析 home_url='http://www.winxuan.com/' h=pq(home_url) #分类导航链接 menu=h('.mod-mainmenu').find('dd').find('a').eq(n).attr('href') #print menu #分类书籍首页 try: mh=pq(menu) except Exception, e : return 'backs' # text=mh('.main').find('a').text() # text=text.encode("GBK", "ignore"); li=[] u=0 while u<248 : detail_urls=mh('.main').find('a').eq(u).attr('href') #将取到所有地址放入到列表当中 li.append(detail_urls) u+=1 #进行列表去重 li=list(set(li)) for final_url in li: try: result=getData(final_url) except Exception, e : continue if result=='back' : continue print 'OK,finished' n=0 while n<58: while n<58: print n string=str(n) file_open=open('./number.txt', 'w') file_open.write(string) file_open.close() res=winxuan(n) n+=1 if res=='backs' : continue
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