这篇文章主要介绍了Java源码解析阻塞队列ArrayBlockingQueue常用方法的示例分析,具有一定借鉴价值,感兴趣的朋友可以参考下,希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后大有收获,下面让小编带着大家一起了解一下。
首先看一下ArrayBlockingQueue的成员变量。如下图。最主要的成员变量是items,它是一个Object类型的数组用于保存阻塞队列中的元素。其次是takeIndex,putIndex,count,分别表示了从队列获取元素的位置,往队列里放元素的位置和队列中元素的个数。然后是lock,notEmpty和notFull三个和锁相关的成员变量。lock是一个可重入锁,而notEmpty和notFull是和lock绑定的2个Condition。对可重入锁不是很了解的同学,可以参考这篇文章https://www.jb51.net/article/154207.htm。对可重入锁的理解,是理解ArrayBlockingQueue的基础。也可以这么说,理解了可重入锁,那么在理解ArrayBlockingQueue就很顺利了。
/** The queued items **/
final Object[] items;
/** items index for next take, poll, peek or remove **/
int takeIndex;
/** items index for next put, offer, or add **/
int putIndex;
/** Number of elements in the queue **/
int count;
/**
* Concurrency control uses the classic two-condition algorithm
* found in any textbook.
**/
/** Main lock guarding all access **/
final ReentrantLock lock;
/** Condition for waiting takes **/
private final Condition notEmpty;
/** Condition for waiting puts **/
private final Condition notFull;
/**
* Shared state for currently active iterators, or null if there
* are known not to be any. Allows queue operations to update
* iterator state.
**/
transient Itrs itrs = null;
接下来介绍ArrayBlockingQueue的主要方法。首先是入队方法。ArrayBlockingQueue的入队方法有好几个,功能略有差异,下面我们逐一介绍各个入队方法。首先看一下put方法,如下图。put方法的功能是,往队列尾部插入指定元素,如果队列已满,那么就等待可用空间。方法的实现过程是,首先判断元素是否非空。然后,进行加锁,加锁后判断队列是否已满。如果已满,则等待不满条件。当被唤醒后,进行入队操作。入队方法中,会唤醒在notEmpty条件上等待的线程。
/**
* Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue, waiting
* for space to become available if the queue is full.
* @throws InterruptedException {@inheritDoc}
* @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
**/
public void put(E e) throws InterruptedException {
checkNotNull(e);
final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
lock.lockInterruptibly();
try {
while (count == items.length)
notFull.await();
enqueue(e);
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
/**
* Inserts element at current put position, advances, and signals.
* Call only when holding lock.
**/
private void enqueue(E x) {
// assert lock.getHoldCount() == 1;
// assert items[putIndex] == null;
final Object[] items = this.items;
items[putIndex] = x;
if (++putIndex == items.length)
putIndex = 0;
count++;
notEmpty.signal();
}
另一个入队方法是offer,代码如下。这个方法与add方法的区别是,offer方法是立刻返回的,它并不像add方法那样,当队列满时会一直等待。
/**
* Inserts the specified element at the tail of this queue if it is
* possible to do so immediately without exceeding the queue's capacity,
* returning {@code true} upon success and {@code false} if this queue
* is full. This method is generally preferable to method {@link #add},
* which can fail to insert an element only by throwing an exception.
* @throws NullPointerException if the specified element is null
**/
public boolean offer(E e) {
checkNotNull(e);
final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
lock.lock();
try {
if (count == items.length)
return false;
else {
enqueue(e);
return true;
}
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
接下来看一下出队方法take,代码如下。首先对可重入锁加锁,然后判断元素个数是否为0.如果为0,则等待不空条件,否则进行出队操作。
public E take() throws InterruptedException {
final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
lock.lockInterruptibly();
try {
while (count == 0)
notEmpty.await();
return dequeue();
} finally {
lock.unlock();
}
}
ArrayListBlockingqueue中还有其他相关方法,这里就不一一介绍了。
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