本篇文章为大家展示了使用Java怎么实现微信网页授权，内容简明扼要并且容易理解，绝对能使你眼前一亮，通过这篇文章的详细介绍希望你能有所收获。
授权步骤：
1、引导用户进入授权页面同意授权，获取code
2、通过code换取网页授权access_token（与基础支持中的access_token不同）
3、通过网页授权access_token和openid获取用户基本信息
先看一下我的项目结构：
web.xml相关代码：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"> <display-name>WxAuth</display-name> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file> <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> <servlet> <servlet-name>wxCallBack</servlet-name> <servlet-class>com.xingshang.servlet.CallBackSerclet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>dbUrl</param-name> <param-value>jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/wxauth</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>driverClassName</param-name> <param-value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>userName</param-name> <param-value>root</param-value> </init-param> <init-param> <param-name>passWord</param-name> <param-value>123456</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>wxCallBack</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/wxCallBack</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
AuthUtil工具类：
package com.xingshang.util;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.ClientProtocolException;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
public class AuthUtil {
public static final String APPID = "wx45c1428e5584fcdb";
public static final String APPSECRET = "98174450eb706ada330f37e646be85d5";
public static JSONObject doGetJson(String url) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException{
JSONObject jsonObject = null;
//首先初始化HttpClient对象
DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
//通过get方式进行提交
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
//通过HTTPclient的execute方法进行发送请求
HttpResponse response = client.execute(httpGet);
//从response里面拿自己想要的结果
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
if(entity != null){
String result = EntityUtils.toString(entity,"UTF-8");
jsonObject = jsonObject.fromObject(result);
}
//把链接释放掉
httpGet.releaseConnection();
return jsonObject;
}
}Java实现：
1、引导用户进入授权页面同意授权，获取code
这一步其实就是将需要授权的页面url拼接到微信的认证请求接口里面，比如需要用户在访问页面 时进行授权认证
其中的scope参数有两个值：
snsapi_base：只能获取到用户openid。好处是静默认证，无需用户手动点击认证按钮，感觉上像是直接进入网站一样。
snsapi_userinfo：可以获取到openid、昵称、头像、所在地等信息。需要用户手动点击认证按钮。
相关代码
package com.xingshang.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.xingshang.util.AuthUtil;
/**
* 入口地址
* @author Administrator
*
*/
@WebServlet("/wxLogin")
public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//第一步：引导用户进入授权页面同意授权，获取code
//回调地址
// String backUrl = "http://suliu.free.ngrok.cc/WxAuth/callBack"; //第1种情况使用
String backUrl = "http://suliu.free.ngrok.cc/WxAuth/wxCallBack";//第2种情况使用，这里是web.xml中的路径
//授权页面地址
String url = "https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth3/authorize?appid="+AuthUtil.APPID
+ "&redirect_uri="+URLEncoder.encode(backUrl)
+ "&response_type=code"
+ "&scope=snsapi_userinfo"
+ "&state=STATE#wechat_redirect";
//重定向到授权页面
response.sendRedirect(url);
}
}2、通过第一步获取的code换取网页授权access_token（与基础支持中的access_token不同）
这一步需要在控制器中获取微信回传给我们的code，通过这个code来请求access_token，通过access_token和openid获取用户基本信息:
相关代码:
package com.xingshang.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import javax.servlet.ServletConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import com.xingshang.util.AuthUtil;
import net.sf.json.JSONObject;
/**
* 回调地址
* @author Administrator
*
*/
//@WebServlet("/callBack")
public class CallBackSerclet extends HttpServlet {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private String dbUrl;
private String driverClassName;
private String userName;
private String passWord;
private Connection conn =null;
private PreparedStatement ps =null;
private ResultSet rs = null;
//初始化数据库
@Override
public void init(ServletConfig config) throws ServletException {
//加载驱动
try {
this.dbUrl = config.getInitParameter("dbUrl");
this.driverClassName = config.getInitParameter("driverClassName");
this.userName = config.getInitParameter("userName");
this.passWord = config.getInitParameter("passWord");
Class.forName(driverClassName);
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
//第二步：通过code换取网页授权access_token
//从request里面获取code参数(当微信服务器访问回调地址的时候，会把code参数传递过来)
String code = request.getParameter("code");
System.out.println("code:"+code);
//获取code后，请求以下链接获取access_token
String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth3/access_token?appid=" + AuthUtil.APPID
+ "&secret=" + AuthUtil.APPSECRET
+ "&code=" + code
+ "&grant_type=authorization_code";
//通过网络请求方法来请求上面这个接口
JSONObject jsonObject = AuthUtil.doGetJson(url);
System.out.println("==========================jsonObject"+jsonObject);
//从返回的JSON数据中取出access_token和openid，拉取用户信息时用
String token = jsonObject.getString("access_token");
String openid = jsonObject.getString("openid");
// 第三步：刷新access_token（如果需要）
// 第四步：拉取用户信息(需scope为 snsapi_userinfo)
String infoUrl ="https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/userinfo?access_token=" + token
+ "&openid=" + openid
+ "&lang=zh_CN";
//通过网络请求方法来请求上面这个接口
JSONObject userInfo = AuthUtil.doGetJson(infoUrl);
System.out.println(userInfo);
//第1种情况：使用微信用户信息直接登录，无需注册和绑定
// request.setAttribute("info", userInfo);
//直接跳转
// request.getRequestDispatcher("/index1.jsp").forward(request, response);
//第2种情况： 将微信与当前系统的账号进行绑定(需将第1种情况和@WebServlet("/callBack")注释掉)
//第一步，根据当前openid查询数据库，看是否该账号已经进行绑定
try {
String nickname = getNickName(openid);
if(!"".equals(nickname)){
//已绑定
request.setAttribute("nickname", nickname);
request.getRequestDispatcher("/index2.jsp").forward(request, response);
}else{
//未绑定
request.setAttribute("openid", openid);
request.getRequestDispatcher("/login.jsp").forward(request, response);
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
//数据库的查询
public String getNickName(String openid) throws SQLException{
String nickName = "";
//创建数据库链接
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUrl, userName, passWord);
String sql = "select nickname from user where openid = ?";
ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
ps.setString(1, openid);
rs = ps.executeQuery();
while (rs.next()) {
nickName = rs.getString("nickname");
}
//关闭链接
rs.close();
ps.close();
conn.close();
return nickName;
}
//数据库的修改(openid的綁定)
public int updateUser(String account,String password,String openid) throws SQLException{
//创建数据库链接
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUrl, userName, passWord);
String sql = "update user set openid = ? where account = ? and password = ?";
ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
ps.setString(1, openid);
ps.setString(2, account);
ps.setString(3, password);
int temp = ps.executeUpdate();
//关闭链接
rs.close();
ps.close();
conn.close();
return temp;
}
//post方法，用来接受登录请求
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
String account = request.getParameter("account");
String password = request.getParameter("password");
String openid = request.getParameter("openid");
try {
int temp = updateUser(account, password, openid);
if(temp > 0){
String nickname = getNickName(openid);
request.setAttribute("nickname", nickname);
request.getRequestDispatcher("/index2.jsp").forward(request, response);
System.out.println("账号绑定成功");
}else{
System.out.println("账号绑定失败");
}
} catch (SQLException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}login.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/WxAuth/wxCallBack" method="post">
<input type="text" name="account" />
<input type="password" name="password" />
<input type="hidden" name="openid" value="${openid }" />
<input type="submit" value="提交并绑定" />
</form>
</body>
</html>index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0"> <title>Insert title here</title> </head> <body > <a href="/WxAuth/wxLogin" rel="external nofollow" >微信公众授权登录</a> </body> </html>
index1.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>登陆成功！</div>
<div>用户昵称:${info.nickname}</div>
<div>用户头像:<img width="100" src="${info.headimgurl }"></div>
</body>
</html>index2.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<div>登陆成功！</div>
<div>用户昵称:${nickname}</div>
</body>
</html>最后附上需要的jar包
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