前言
swagger,中文“拽”的意思。它是一个功能强大的api框架,它的集成非常简单,不仅提供了在线文档的查阅,
而且还提供了在线文档的测试。另外swagger很容易构建restful风格的api。
Swagger是一组围绕OpenAPI规范构建的开源工具,可帮助设计、构建、记录和使用REST API。
简单说下,它的出现就是为了方便进行测试后台的restful形式的接口,实现动态的更新,当我们在后台的接口
修改了后,swagger可以实现自动的更新,而不需要认为的维护这个接口进行测试。
swagger通过注解表明该接口会生成文档,包括接口名、请求方法、参数、返回信息的等等。
<dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId> <version>2.7.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.springfox</groupId> <artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId> <version>2.7.0</version> </dependency>
通过@Configuration注解,表明它是一个配置类,@EnableSwagger2开启swagger2。
apiINfo()配置一些基本的信息。apis()指定扫描的包会生成文档。
再通过createRestApi函数创建Docket的Bean之后,apiInfo()用来创建该Api的基本信息(这些基本信息会
展现在文档页面中)。select()函数返回一个ApiSelectorBuilder实例用来控制哪些接口暴露给Swagger来
展现,本例采用指定扫描的包路径来定义,Swagger会扫描该包下所有Controller定义的API,并产生文档内容
(除了被@ApiIgnore指定的请求)。
package com.lance.learn.springbootswagger.configuration; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder; import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors; import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors; import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo; import springfox.documentation.service.Contact; import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType; import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket; import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2; /** * @author lance(ZYH) * @function Swagger启动配置类 * @date 2018-07-09 21:24 */ @Configuration @EnableSwagger2 public class SwaggerConfiguration { /** * swagger2的配置文件,这里可以配置swagger2的一些基本的内容,比如扫描的包等等 * @return */ @Bean public Docket createRestfulApi(){ return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2) .pathMapping("/") .select() .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.basePackage("com.lance.learn.springbootswagger.controller")) //暴露接口地址的包路径 .paths(PathSelectors.any()) .build(); } /** * 构建 api文档的详细信息函数,注意这里的注解引用的是哪个 * @return */ private ApiInfo apiInfo(){ return new ApiInfoBuilder() //页面标题 .title("Spring Boot 测试使用 Swagger2 构建RESTful API") //创建人 .contact(new Contact("LanveToBigData", "http://www.cnblogs.com/zhangyinhua/", "917484312@qq.com")) //版本号 .version("1.0") //描述 .description("API 描述") .build(); } }
描述主要来源于函数等命名产生,对用户并不友好,我们通常需要自己增加一些说明来丰富文档内容。
如下所示,我们通过@ApiOperation注解来给API增加说明、通过@ApiImplicitParams、@ApiImplicitParam
注解来给参数增加说明。
1)实例一
package com.lance.learn.springbootswagger.controller; import com.lance.learn.springbootswagger.bean.Book; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParams; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import springfox.documentation.annotations.ApiIgnore; import java.util.*; /** * @author lance(ZYH) * @function * @date 2018-07-09 21:39 */ @RestController @RequestMapping(value = "/bookcurd") public class BookController { Map<Long, Book> books = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<Long, Book>()); @ApiOperation(value="获取图书列表", notes="获取图书列表") @RequestMapping(value={""}, method= RequestMethod.GET) public List<Book> getBook() { List<Book> book = new ArrayList<>(books.values()); return book; } @ApiOperation(value="创建图书", notes="创建图书") @ApiImplicitParam(name = "book", value = "图书详细实体", required = true, dataType = "Book") @RequestMapping(value="", method=RequestMethod.POST) public String postBook(@RequestBody Book book) { books.put(book.getId(), book); return "success"; } @ApiOperation(value="获图书细信息", notes="根据url的id来获取详细信息") @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "ID", required = true, dataType = "Long",paramType = "path") @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.GET) public Book getBook(@PathVariable Long id) { return books.get(id); } @ApiOperation(value="更新信息", notes="根据url的id来指定更新图书信息") @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "图书ID", required = true, dataType = "Long",paramType = "path"), @ApiImplicitParam(name = "book", value = "图书实体book", required = true, dataType = "Book") }) @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method= RequestMethod.PUT) public String putUser(@PathVariable Long id, @RequestBody Book book) { Book book1 = books.get(id); book1.setName(book.getName()); book1.setPrice(book.getPrice()); books.put(id, book1); return "success"; } @ApiOperation(value="删除图书", notes="根据url的id来指定删除图书") @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "图书ID", required = true, dataType = "Long",paramType = "path") @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.DELETE) public String deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id) { books.remove(id); return "success"; } @ApiIgnore//使用该注解忽略这个API @RequestMapping(value = "/hi", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String jsonTest() { return " hi you!"; } }
2)实例二
package com.lance.learn.springbootswagger.controller; import com.lance.learn.springbootswagger.bean.User; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParam; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiImplicitParams; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import java.util.*; /** * @author lance(ZYH) * @function * @date 2018-07-09 22:00 */ @RestController @RequestMapping(value="/users") public class UserDetailController { static Map<Long, User> users = Collections.synchronizedMap(new HashMap<Long, User>()); @ApiOperation(value="获取用户列表", notes="") @RequestMapping(value={""}, method= RequestMethod.GET) public List<User> getUserList() { List<User> r = new ArrayList<User>(users.values()); return r; } @ApiOperation(value="创建用户", notes="根据User对象创建用户") @ApiImplicitParam(name = "user", value = "用户详细实体user", required = true, dataType = "User") @RequestMapping(value="", method=RequestMethod.POST) public String postUser(@RequestBody User user) { users.put(user.getId(), user); return "success"; } @ApiOperation(value="获取用户详细信息", notes="根据url的id来获取用户详细信息") @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true, dataType = "Long") @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.GET) public User getUser(@PathVariable Long id) { return users.get(id); } @ApiOperation(value="更新用户详细信息", notes="根据url的id来指定更新对象,并根据传过来的user信息来更新用户详细信息") @ApiImplicitParams({ @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true, dataType = "Long"), @ApiImplicitParam(name = "user", value = "用户详细实体user", required = true, dataType = "User") }) @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.PUT) public String putUser(@PathVariable Long id, @RequestBody User user) { User u = new User(); users.put(id, u); return "success"; } @ApiOperation(value="删除用户", notes="根据url的id来指定删除对象") @ApiImplicitParam(name = "id", value = "用户ID", required = true, dataType = "Long") @RequestMapping(value="/{id}", method=RequestMethod.DELETE) public String deleteUser(@PathVariable Long id) { users.remove(id); return "success"; } }
https://github.com/LanceToBigData/SpringBootLearning/tree/develop/SpringBoot-Swagger
总结
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