如何在Java中使用JFileChooser组件

这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关如何在Java中使用JFileChooser组件，文章内容质量较高，因此小编分享给大家做个参考，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后对相关知识有一定的了解。

JFileChooser文件选择器是Swing中经常用到的一个控件。它的使用主要包含以下几个参数：

1.当前路径。也就是它第一次打开时所在的路径，许多软件喜欢设置为桌面。

2.文件过滤器。通过设置文件过滤器，只有特定类型的文件是可见的，比如文本，音频，等。

3.选择模式。包含三种情况：仅文件, 仅目录, 文件或目录。

4.是否允许多选。

JFileChooser的参数当然不止以上4种，它还有很多高级选项，比如你可以对文件的显示图标进行定制等，由于不经常用，这里不再介绍。

有2个地方要注意：

1.文件过滤器建议使用FileNameExtensionFilter，它是FileFilter的子类，以非常方便的方法实现了过滤器。用法见代码。

2.getSelectedFiles()方法，它只在isMultiSelectionEnable()方法返回true是有效。也就是说，如果你不允许多选，则只能使用getSelectedFile()方法，否则只能得到一个空的文件列表。

下面通过一个demo来展示它的基本用法。

package awtDemo;
import java.io.File;
import javax.swing.JFileChooser;
import javax.swing.JOptionPane;
import javax.swing.filechooser.FileNameExtensionFilter;
import javax.swing.filechooser.FileSystemView;
/**
 *
 * @author pzy
 */
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class JFileChooserFrame extends javax.swing.JFrame {
  /**
   * Creates new form JFileChooserFrame
   */
  public JFileChooserFrame() {
    initComponents();
  }
  /**
   * This method is called from within the constructor to initialize the form.
   * WARNING: Do NOT modify this code. The content of this method is always
   * regenerated by the Form Editor.
   */
  @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "rawtypes" })
  // <editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc="Generated Code">
  private void initComponents() {
    fileFilterisBG = new javax.swing.ButtonGroup();
    isMultiSelectBG = new javax.swing.ButtonGroup();
    jPanel1 = new javax.swing.JPanel();
    text_rb = new javax.swing.JRadioButton();
    video_rb = new javax.swing.JRadioButton();
    audio_rb = new javax.swing.JRadioButton();
    all_rb = new javax.swing.JRadioButton();
    jPanel2 = new javax.swing.JPanel();
    jComboBox1 = new javax.swing.JComboBox();
    multiSelect_rb = new javax.swing.JRadioButton();
    singleSelect_rb = new javax.swing.JRadioButton();
    jPanel3 = new javax.swing.JPanel();
    jButton1 = new javax.swing.JButton();
    setDefaultCloseOperation(javax.swing.WindowConstants.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
    setLocationByPlatform(true);
    jPanel1.setBorder(javax.swing.BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("文件类型"));
    fileFilterisBG.add(text_rb);
    text_rb.setText("文本");
    fileFilterisBG.add(video_rb);
    video_rb.setText("视频");
    fileFilterisBG.add(audio_rb);
    audio_rb.setText("音频");
    fileFilterisBG.add(all_rb);
    all_rb.setSelected(true);
    all_rb.setText("所有");
    javax.swing.GroupLayout jPanel1Layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(jPanel1);
    jPanel1.setLayout(jPanel1Layout);
    jPanel1Layout.setHorizontalGroup(
      jPanel1Layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
      .addGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.TRAILING, jPanel1Layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addContainerGap(javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE)
        .addComponent(text_rb)
        .addGap(29, 29, 29)
        .addComponent(video_rb)
        .addGap(35, 35, 35)
        .addComponent(audio_rb)
        .addGap(39, 39, 39)
        .addComponent(all_rb)
        .addGap(32, 32, 32))
    );
    jPanel1Layout.setVerticalGroup(
      jPanel1Layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
      .addGroup(jPanel1Layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addContainerGap()
        .addGroup(jPanel1Layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE)
          .addComponent(video_rb)
          .addComponent(text_rb)
          .addComponent(audio_rb)
          .addComponent(all_rb))
        .addContainerGap(javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE))
    );
    jPanel2.setBorder(javax.swing.BorderFactory.createTitledBorder("选择模式"));
    jComboBox1.setModel(new javax.swing.DefaultComboBoxModel(new String[] { "仅文件", "仅目录", "文件或目录" }));
    jComboBox1.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
      public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
        jComboBox1ActionPerformed(evt);
      }
    });
    isMultiSelectBG.add(multiSelect_rb);
    multiSelect_rb.setText("可多选");
    isMultiSelectBG.add(singleSelect_rb);
    singleSelect_rb.setSelected(true);
    singleSelect_rb.setText("不可多选");
    javax.swing.GroupLayout jPanel2Layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(jPanel2);
    jPanel2.setLayout(jPanel2Layout);
    jPanel2Layout.setHorizontalGroup(
      jPanel2Layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
      .addGroup(jPanel2Layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addContainerGap()
        .addComponent(jComboBox1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 144, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
        .addGap(18, 18, 18)
        .addComponent(multiSelect_rb, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 82, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
        .addGap(18, 18, 18)
        .addComponent(singleSelect_rb, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 82, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
        .addContainerGap(14, Short.MAX_VALUE))
    );
    jPanel2Layout.setVerticalGroup(
      jPanel2Layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
      .addGroup(jPanel2Layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addContainerGap()
        .addGroup(jPanel2Layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.BASELINE)
          .addComponent(jComboBox1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
          .addComponent(multiSelect_rb)
          .addComponent(singleSelect_rb))
        .addContainerGap(16, Short.MAX_VALUE))
    );
    jButton1.setText("开始");
    jButton1.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
      public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
        jButton1ActionPerformed(evt);
      }
    });
    javax.swing.GroupLayout jPanel3Layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(jPanel3);
    jPanel3.setLayout(jPanel3Layout);
    jPanel3Layout.setHorizontalGroup(
      jPanel3Layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
      .addGroup(jPanel3Layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addGap(117, 117, 117)
        .addComponent(jButton1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 139, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
        .addContainerGap(javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE))
    );
    jPanel3Layout.setVerticalGroup(
      jPanel3Layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
      .addGroup(jPanel3Layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addGap(26, 26, 26)
        .addComponent(jButton1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, 32, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
        .addContainerGap(19, Short.MAX_VALUE))
    );
    javax.swing.GroupLayout layout = new javax.swing.GroupLayout(getContentPane());
    getContentPane().setLayout(layout);
    layout.setHorizontalGroup(
      layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
      .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addContainerGap()
        .addGroup(layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
          .addComponent(jPanel1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE)
          .addComponent(jPanel2, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE)
          .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
            .addComponent(jPanel3, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE)
            .addGap(84, 84, 84)))
        .addContainerGap())
    );
    layout.setVerticalGroup(
      layout.createParallelGroup(javax.swing.GroupLayout.Alignment.LEADING)
      .addGroup(layout.createSequentialGroup()
        .addGap(8, 8, 8)
        .addComponent(jPanel1, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
        .addGap(18, 18, 18)
        .addComponent(jPanel2, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
        .addGap(18, 18, 18)
        .addComponent(jPanel3, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, javax.swing.GroupLayout.PREFERRED_SIZE)
        .addContainerGap(javax.swing.GroupLayout.DEFAULT_SIZE, Short.MAX_VALUE))
    );
    pack();
  }// </editor-fold>
  private void jComboBox1ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
    // TODO add your handling code here:
    String itemString = jComboBox1.getSelectedItem().toString();
    if ("仅文件".equals(itemString)) {
      fileSelectionMode = JFileChooser.FILES_ONLY;
    } else if ("仅目录".equals(itemString)) {
      fileSelectionMode = JFileChooser.DIRECTORIES_ONLY;
    } else if ("文件或目录".equals(itemString)) {
      fileSelectionMode = JFileChooser.FILES_AND_DIRECTORIES;
    }
  }
  private void jButton1ActionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent evt) {
    // TODO add your handling code here:
    fileChooser = new JFileChooser();
    //初始化当前路径
    FileSystemView fsv = FileSystemView.getFileSystemView();
    File homeFile =fsv.getHomeDirectory();  //这便是读取桌面路径的方法了
    fileChooser.setCurrentDirectory(homeFile);
    //初始化文件过滤器
    if (text_rb.isSelected()) {
      filter = new FileNameExtensionFilter("文本文件", "log", "txt");
      fileChooser.setFileFilter(filter);
    }
    if (video_rb.isSelected()) {
      filter = new FileNameExtensionFilter("视频文件", "mp4", "mkv");
      fileChooser.setFileFilter(filter);
    }
    if (audio_rb.isSelected()) {
      filter = new FileNameExtensionFilter("音频文件", "mp3", "wma");
      fileChooser.setFileFilter(filter);
    }
    //初始化选择模式
    fileChooser.setFileSelectionMode(fileSelectionMode);
    //是否允许多选
    if (multiSelect_rb.isSelected()) {
      fileChooser.setMultiSelectionEnabled(true);
    }
    else if(singleSelect_rb.isSelected()) {
      fileChooser.setMultiSelectionEnabled(false);
    }
    //打开文件选择器
    int i = fileChooser.showDialog(this, "选择");
    if(i == JFileChooser.APPROVE_OPTION){
      StringBuilder sb;
      if(fileChooser.isMultiSelectionEnabled()){
      sb = new StringBuilder("您选择了以下文件：");
      File [] files = fileChooser.getSelectedFiles();
      for (File file : files) {
        sb.append("\n");
        sb.append(file.getName());
      }
      }
      else{
        File file = fileChooser.getSelectedFile();
        sb = new StringBuilder("您选择的文件是：");
         sb.append("\n");
        sb.append(file.getName());
      }
      JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(this, sb);
    }
  }
  /**
   * @param args the command line arguments
   */
  public static void main(String args[]) {
    /* Set the Nimbus look and feel */
    //<editor-fold defaultstate="collapsed" desc=" Look and feel setting code (optional) ">
    /* If Nimbus (introduced in Java SE 6) is not available, stay with the default look and feel.
     * For details see http://download.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/lookandfeel/plaf.html
     */
    try {
      for (javax.swing.UIManager.LookAndFeelInfo info : javax.swing.UIManager.getInstalledLookAndFeels()) {
        if ("Nimbus".equals(info.getName())) {
          javax.swing.UIManager.setLookAndFeel(info.getClassName());
          break;
        }
      }
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
      java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(JFileChooserFrame.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
    } catch (InstantiationException ex) {
      java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(JFileChooserFrame.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
    } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
      java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(JFileChooserFrame.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
    } catch (javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) {
      java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(JFileChooserFrame.class.getName()).log(java.util.logging.Level.SEVERE, null, ex);
    }
    //</editor-fold>
    /* Create and display the form */
    java.awt.EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
      public void run() {
        new JFileChooserFrame().setVisible(true);
      }
    });
  }
  private JFileChooser fileChooser;
  private FileNameExtensionFilter filter;
  private int fileSelectionMode = JFileChooser.FILES_ONLY;
  // Variables declaration - do not modify
  private javax.swing.JRadioButton all_rb;
  private javax.swing.JRadioButton audio_rb;
  private javax.swing.ButtonGroup fileFilterisBG;
  private javax.swing.ButtonGroup isMultiSelectBG;
  private javax.swing.JButton jButton1;
  @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
 private javax.swing.JComboBox jComboBox1;
  private javax.swing.JPanel jPanel1;
  private javax.swing.JPanel jPanel2;
  private javax.swing.JPanel jPanel3;
  private javax.swing.JRadioButton multiSelect_rb;
  private javax.swing.JRadioButton singleSelect_rb;
  private javax.swing.JRadioButton text_rb;
  private javax.swing.JRadioButton video_rb;
  // End of variables declaration
}

运行效果如下：

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