SpringBoot webSocket实现发送广播、点对点消息和Android接收

发布时间：2020-09-19 22:04:39 来源：脚本之家阅读：318 作者：宁惊蛰栏目：编程语言

1、SpringBoot webSocket

SpringBoot 使用的websocket 协议，不是标准的websocket协议，使用的是名称叫做STOMP的协议。

1.1 STOMP协议说明

STOMP，Streaming Text Orientated Message Protocol，是流文本定向消息协议，是一种为MOM(Message Oriented Middleware，面向消息的中间件)设计的简单文本协议。

它提供了一个可互操作的连接格式，允许STOMP客户端与任意STOMP消息代理(Broker)进行交互，类似于OpenWire(一种二进制协议)。

由于其设计简单，很容易开发客户端，因此在多种语言和多种平台上得到广泛应用。其中最流行的STOMP消息代理是Apache ActiveMQ。

1.2 搭建

本人使用的是Inject idea 搭建的springBoot websocket，并未采用熟悉的gradle，而是采用了maven方式搭建。

项目结构如下

SpringBoot webSocket实现发送广播、点对点消息和Android接收

pom.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
 <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

 <groupId>com.drawthink</groupId>
 <artifactId>websocketdemo</artifactId>
 <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
 <packaging>jar</packaging>

 <name>webSocketdemo</name>
 <description>webSocketDemo project for Spring Boot</description>

 <parent>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  <version>1.3.6.RELEASE</version>
  <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
 </parent>

 <properties>
  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
  <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
  <java.version>1.8</java.version>
 </properties>

 <dependencies>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
  </dependency>
  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
  </dependency>

  <dependency>
   <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
   <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
   <scope>test</scope>
  </dependency>
 </dependencies>

 <build>
  <plugins>
   <plugin>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
   </plugin>
  </plugins>
 </build>


</project>

Application：

package com.drawthink;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
public class WebSocketdemoApplication {

 public static void main(String[] args) {
  SpringApplication.run(WebSocketdemoApplication.class, args);
 }
}

WebSocketConfig

package com.drawthink.websocket;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.messaging.simp.config.MessageBrokerRegistry;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.EnableWebSocketMessageBroker;
import org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.StompEndpointRegistry;

/**
 * Created by lincoln on 16-10-25
 */
@Configuration
@EnableWebSocketMessageBroker
public class WebSocketConfig extends AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer {
 @Override
 public void registerStompEndpoints(StompEndpointRegistry stompEndpointRegistry) {
  //允许使用socketJs方式访问，访问点为hello，允许跨域
  stompEndpointRegistry.addEndpoint("/hello").setAllowedOrigins("*").withSockJS();
 }

 @Override
 public void configureMessageBroker(MessageBrokerRegistry registry) {
  //订阅Broker名称
  registry.enableSimpleBroker("/topic","/user");
  //全局使用的订阅前缀（客户端订阅路径上会体现出来）
  registry.setApplicationDestinationPrefixes("/app/");
  //点对点使用的订阅前缀（客户端订阅路径上会体现出来），不设置的话，默认也是/user/
  //registry.setUserDestinationPrefix("/user/");
 }
}

WebSocketController

package com.drawthink.websocket.controller;

import com.drawthink.message.ClientMessage;
import com.drawthink.message.ServerMessage;
import com.drawthink.message.ToUserMessage;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.MessageMapping;
import org.springframework.messaging.handler.annotation.SendTo;
import org.springframework.messaging.simp.SimpMessagingTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

/**
 * Created by lincoln on 16-10-25
 */
@Controller
public class WebSocketController {

 @MessageMapping("/welcome")
 //SendTo 发送至 Broker 下的指定订阅路径
 @SendTo("/topic/getResponse")
 public ServerMessage say(ClientMessage clientMessage){
  //方法用于广播测试
  System.out.println("clientMessage.getName() = " + clientMessage.getName());
  return new ServerMessage("Welcome , "+clientMessage.getName()+" !");
 }

 //注入SimpMessagingTemplate 用于点对点消息发送
 @Autowired
 private SimpMessagingTemplate messagingTemplate;

 @MessageMapping("/cheat")
 // 发送的订阅路径为/user/{userId}/message
 // /user/路径是默认的一个，如果想要改变，必须在config 中setUserDestinationPrefix
 public void cheatTo(ToUserMessage toUserMessage){
  //方法用于点对点测试
  System.out.println("toUserMessage.getMessage() = " + toUserMessage.getMessage());
  System.out.println("toUserMessage.getUserId() = " + toUserMessage.getUserId());          messagingTemplate.convertAndSendToUser(toUserMessage.getUserId(),"/message",toUserMessage.getMessage());
 }
}

package com.drawthink.message;

/**
 * Created by lincoln on 16-10-25
 */
public class ClientMessage {
 private String name;

 public String getName() {
  return name;
 }

 public void setName(String name) {
  this.name = name;
 }
}

package com.drawthink.message;

/**
 * Created by lincoln on 16-10-25
 */
public class ServerMessage {
 private String responseMessage;

 public ServerMessage(String responseMessage) {
  this.responseMessage = responseMessage;
 }

 public String getResponseMessage() {
  return responseMessage;
 }

 public void setResponseMessage(String responseMessage) {
  this.responseMessage = responseMessage;
 }
}

package com.drawthink.message;

/**
 * Created by lincoln on 16-10-25
 */
public class ToUserMessage {
 private String userId;
 private String message;

 public String getUserId() {
  return userId;
 }

 public void setUserId(String userId) {
  this.userId = userId;
 }

 public String getMessage() {
  return message;
 }

 public void setMessage(String message) {
  this.message = message;
 }
}

Android 客户端

STOMP协议在Android系统中没有默认实现，必须自行去实现。不过好消息是，开源大神们已经完成了Android上使用STOMP协议的实现，所以我们只需要使用就好了。

地址：StompProtocolAndroid_jb51.rar

搭建

build.gradle(app)

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

android {
 compileSdkVersion 24
 buildToolsVersion "24.0.3"
 defaultConfig {
  applicationId "com.drawthink.websocket"
  minSdkVersion 16
  targetSdkVersion 24
  versionCode 1
  versionName "1.0"
  testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
 }
 buildTypes {
  release {
   minifyEnabled false
   proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
  }
 }
}

dependencies {
 compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')
 androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {
  exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'
 })
 compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:24.2.1'
 testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'
 //依赖STOMP协议的Android实现
 compile 'com.github.NaikSoftware:StompProtocolAndroid:1.1.1'
 //StompProtocolAndroid 依赖于webSocket的标准实现
 compile 'org.java-websocket:Java-WebSocket:1.3.0'
}

接收广播实例：

package com.drawthink.websocket;

import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import org.java_websocket.WebSocket;

import rx.Subscriber;
import rx.functions.Action1;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.LifecycleEvent;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.Stomp;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.client.StompClient;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.client.StompMessage;

import static android.content.ContentValues.TAG;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

 private TextView serverMessage;
 private Button start;
 private Button stop;
 private Button send;
 private EditText editText;
 private StompClient mStompClient;
 private Button cheat;

 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
  bindView();
  start.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
   //创建client 实例
    createStompClient();
   //订阅消息
    registerStompTopic();
   }
  });

  send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    mStompClient.send("/app/welcome","{\"name\":\""+editText.getText()+"\"}")
      .subscribe(new Subscriber<Void>() {
     @Override
     public void onCompleted() {
      toast("发送成功");
     }

     @Override
     public void onError(Throwable e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
      toast("发送错误");
     }

     @Override
     public void onNext(Void aVoid) {

     }
    });
   }
  });

  stop.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    mStompClient.disconnect();
   }
  });

  cheat.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
    startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this,CheatActivity.class));
    if(mStompClient != null) {
     mStompClient.disconnect();
    }
    finish();
   }
  });
 }

 private void showMessage(final StompMessage stompMessage) {
  runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
   @Override
   public void run() {
    serverMessage.setText("stomp command is --->"+stompMessage.getStompCommand() +" body is --->"+stompMessage.getPayload());
   }
  });
 }

 //创建client 实例
 private void createStompClient() {
  mStompClient = Stomp.over(WebSocket.class, "ws://192.168.0.46:8080/hello/websocket");
  mStompClient.connect();
  Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,"开始连接 192.168.0.46:8080",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  mStompClient.lifecycle().subscribe(new Action1<LifecycleEvent>() {
   @Override
   public void call(LifecycleEvent lifecycleEvent) {
    switch (lifecycleEvent.getType()) {
     case OPENED:
      Log.d(TAG, "Stomp connection opened");
      toast("连接已开启");
      break;

     case ERROR:
      Log.e(TAG, "Stomp Error", lifecycleEvent.getException());
      toast("连接出错");
      break;
     case CLOSED:
      Log.d(TAG, "Stomp connection closed");
      toast("连接关闭");
      break;
    }
   }
  });
 }

 //订阅消息
 private void registerStompTopic() {
  mStompClient.topic("/topic/getResponse").subscribe(new Action1<StompMessage>() {
   @Override
   public void call(StompMessage stompMessage) {
    Log.e(TAG, "call: " +stompMessage.getPayload() );
    showMessage(stompMessage);
   }
  });

 }

 private void toast(final String message) {
  runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
   @Override
   public void run() {
    Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,message,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
   }
  });
 }

 private void bindView() {
  serverMessage = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.serverMessage);
  start = (Button) findViewById(R.id.start);
  stop = (Button) findViewById(R.id.stop);
  send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
  editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.clientMessage);
  cheat = (Button) findViewById(R.id.cheat);
 }
}

点对点

package com.drawthink.websocket;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;
import android.widget.LinearLayout;
import android.widget.TextView;
import android.widget.Toast;

import org.java_websocket.WebSocket;

import rx.Subscriber;
import rx.functions.Action1;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.LifecycleEvent;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.Stomp;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.client.StompClient;
import ua.naiksoftware.stomp.client.StompMessage;

import static android.content.ContentValues.TAG;

public class CheatActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

 private EditText cheat;
 private Button send;
 private LinearLayout message;
 private StompClient mStompClient;

 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.activity_cheat);
  bindView();
  createStompClient();
  registerStompTopic();
  send.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
   @Override
   public void onClick(View v) {
   // 向/app/cheat发送Json数据
    mStompClient.send("/app/cheat","{\"userId\":\"lincoln\",\"message\":\""+cheat.getText()+"\"}")
      .subscribe(new Subscriber<Void>() {
       @Override
       public void onCompleted() {
        toast("发送成功");
       }

       @Override
       public void onError(Throwable e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        toast("发送错误");
       }

       @Override
       public void onNext(Void aVoid) {

       }
      });
   }
  });
 }

 private void bindView() {
  cheat = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.cheat);
  send = (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);
  message = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.message);
 }

 private void createStompClient() {
  mStompClient = Stomp.over(WebSocket.class, "ws://192.168.0.46:8080/hello/websocket");
  mStompClient.connect();
  Toast.makeText(CheatActivity.this,"开始连接 192.168.0.46:8080",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  mStompClient.lifecycle().subscribe(new Action1<LifecycleEvent>() {
   @Override
   public void call(LifecycleEvent lifecycleEvent) {
    switch (lifecycleEvent.getType()) {
     case OPENED:
      Log.d(TAG, "Stomp connection opened");
      toast("连接已开启");
      break;

     case ERROR:
      Log.e(TAG, "Stomp Error", lifecycleEvent.getException());
      toast("连接出错");
      break;
     case CLOSED:
      Log.d(TAG, "Stomp connection closed");
      toast("连接关闭");
      break;
    }
   }
  });
 }

 // 接收/user/xiaoli/message路径发布的消息
 private void registerStompTopic() {
  mStompClient.topic("/user/xiaoli/message").subscribe(new Action1<StompMessage>() {
   @Override
   public void call(StompMessage stompMessage) {
    Log.e(TAG, "call: " +stompMessage.getPayload() );
    showMessage(stompMessage);
   }
  });
 }

 private void showMessage(final StompMessage stompMessage) {
  runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
   @Override
   public void run() {
    TextView text = new TextView(CheatActivity.this);
    text.setLayoutParams(new LinearLayout.LayoutParams(LinearLayout.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, LinearLayout.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT));
    text.setText(System.currentTimeMillis() +" body is --->"+stompMessage.getPayload());
    message.addView(text);
   }
  });
 }


 private void toast(final String message) {
  runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
   @Override
   public void run() {
    Toast.makeText(CheatActivity.this,message,Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
   }
  });
 }
}

代码比较乱，说明一下。

1、STOMP 使用的时候，关键是发布订阅的关系，使用过消息队列，例如rabbitMQ的应该很容易理解。

服务器端 WebSocketConfig.Java文件控制的就是订阅发布的路径关系。

2、websocket的路径说明，本例中连接的是ws://192.168.0.46:8080/hello/websocket路径，/hello是在WebSocketConfig的stompEndpointRegistry.addEndpoint(“/hello”).setAllowedOrigins(““).withSockJS();*确定的，如果有多个endpoint，这个地方的路径也会随之变化。

3、发布路径

发布信息的路径是由WebSocketConfig中的 setApplicationDestinationPrefixes(“/app/”); 和 Controller 中@MessageMapping(“/welcome”) 组合确定的。

例如发广播消息，路径为/app/welcome

例如发点对点消息，路径为/app/cheat

4、消息订阅路径

订阅broker源自WebSocketConfig中的registry.enableSimpleBroker(“/topic”,”/user”);此处开放了两个broker，具体的订阅服务路径给基于Controller中的 @SendTo(“/topic/getResponse”)或SimpMessagingTemplate中给定。（注：此处，服务器和客户端须约定订阅路径）

5、关于心跳

订阅发布模型的心跳很简单，客户端向一个指定的心跳路径发送心跳，服务器处理，服务器使用指定的订阅路径向客户端发心跳，即可。因为没有Socket，只需要记录是否联通的状态即可，重连客户端做一下就好了。

本人菜鸟，肯定有些地方没有搞清楚，如果有误，请大神斧正。

代码下载地址：blogRepository_jb51.rar

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持亿速云。

向AI问一下细节

SpringBoot webSocket实现发送广播、点对点消息和Android接收

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