企业生产环境shell脚本案例分享

1）Mysql数据库备份脚本（完整备份+异地备份）

一般Mysql数据库备份会采用在MYSQL从库上执行全量备份+增量备份方式。在从库备份避免Mysql主库备份的时候锁表造成业务影响。

#!/bin/bash  
set -e                         #当脚本有错误时，便停止执行脚本
#备份的数据库名
DATABASES=(
            "magedu01"
            "magedu02"
)
USER="root"
PASSWORD="dbpwd123"

MAIL="123456@163.com"
BACKUP_DIR=/data/backup
LOGFILE=/data/backup/data_backup.log
DATE=`date +%Y%m%d_%H%M`

cd $BACKUP_DIR
#开始备份之前，将备份信息头写入日记文件   
echo "--------------------" >> $LOGFILE
echo "BACKUP DATE:" $(date +"%y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S") >> $LOGFILE
echo "-------------------" >> $LOGFILE

for DATABASE in ${DATABASES};do
  /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -u$USER -p$PASSWORD --events  -R --opt  $DATABASE |gzip >${BACKUP_DIR}\/${DATABASE}_${DATE}.sql.gz
  if [ $? == 0 ];then
    echo "$DATE--$DATABASE is backup succeed" >> $LOGFILE
  else
    echo "Database Backup Fail!" >> $LOGFILE
  fi
done
#判断数据库备份是否全部成功，全部成功就同步到异地备份f服务器
if [ $? == 0 ];then
  /usr/bin/rsync -zrtopg   --delete  /data/backup/* root@192.168.10.10:/data/backup/  >/dev/null 2>&1
else
  echo "Database Backup Fail!" >> $LOGFILE
  #备份失败后向管理者发送邮件提醒
  mail -s "database Daily Backup Fail!" $MAIL
fi

#删除30天以上的备份文件  
find $BACKUP_DIR  -type f -mtime +30 -name "*.gz" -exec rm -f {} \;

2）nginx进行日志切割的脚本

#!/bin/bash
set -e                         #当脚本有错误时，便停止执行脚本
LOG_PATH="/var/log/nginx"      #定义日志存放路径
ACCESS_LOG="access.log"
ERROR_LOG="error.log"
YESTERDAY=$(date -d '1 day ago' +%F)        #定义昨天的日期
for i in $(find ${LOG_PATH} -name ${ACCESS_LOG});do
    cd $(dirname ${i})
    if  [[ -f ${ACCESS_LOG} ]];then
        cp {,${YESTERDAY}-}${ACCESS_LOG}         #将原本的日志文件复制一份
        : > ${ACCESS_LOG}                        #将原本的日志内容清空
    fi
    if  [[ -f ${ERROR_LOG} ]];then
        ERROR_SIZE=$(ls -l   ${ERROR_LOG} | awk '{print $5}')
        if  [[ ${ERROR_SIZE} -gt 20971520 ]];then               #如果error.log日志大于20M，进行切割
            cp {,${YESTERDAY}-}${ERROR_LOG}
            : > ${ERROR_LOG}
        fi
    fi
done
find ${LOG_PATH} -type f -name "*.log" -mtime +7 -delete            #将一周前的日志进行删除

3）Nginx负载均衡服务器上监控Nginx进程的脚本

企业负载均衡层如果用到Nginx+Keepalived架构，而Keepalived无法进行Nginx服务的实时切换，所以这里用了一个监控脚本check_nginx_pid.sh，每隔5秒就监控一次Nginx的运行状态，如果发现有问题就关闭本机的Keepalived程序，让VIP切换到从Nginx负载均衡器上。

#!/bin/bash
while :
do
nginxpid=`ps -C nginx --no-header | wc -l`
if [ $nginxpid -eq 0 ];then
　　ulimit -SHn 65535
　　/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
    sleep 5
else
 /etc/init.d/keepalived stop
fi
sleep 5
done

4）Mysql主从监控邮件报警脚本

1）此脚本应该能适应各种各样不同的内外网环境。
2）让脚本也顺便监控下MySQL是否正常运行。
3）Slave机器的IO和SQL状态都必须为YES，缺一不可，这里用到了多重条件判断-a。

#!/bin/bash
MYSQLPORT='netstat -na|grep "LISTEN"|grep "3306"|awk -F[:" "]+ '{print $4}''
MYSQLIP='ifconfig eth0|grep "inet addr" | awk -F[:" "]+ '{print $4}''
STATUS=$(/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u dbuser -dbpwd123 -S /tmp/mysql.sock -e "show slave status＼G" | grep -i "running")
IO_env='echo $STATUS | grep IO | awk ' {print $2}''
SQL_env='echo $STATUS | grep SQL | awk '{print $2}''

if [ "$MYSQLPORT" == "3306" ]
then
　echo "mysql is running"
else
　mail -s "warn!server: $MYSQLIP mysql is down" magedu@gmail.com
fi

if [ "$IO_env" = "Yes" -a "$SQL_env" = "Yes" ]
then
　echo "Slave is running!"
else
　echo "####### $date #########">> /data/log/check_mysql_slave.log
　echo "Slave is not running!" >> /data/log/check_mysql_slave.log
　mail -s "warn! $MySQLIP_replicate_error" magedu@gmail.com << /data/log/check_mysql_slave.log
fi

建议此脚本10分钟执行一次，可编写计划任务！

5）系统初始化脚本

此脚本用于新装Linux的相关配置工作，比如更换默认yum源，优化系统内核、停掉一些没必要启动的系统服务等。此脚本尤其适合大批新安装的CentOS系列的服务器。适用于Centos7！

#!/bin/bash
#判断是否为root用户
if [ `whoami` != "root" ];then
echo " only root can run it"
exit 1
fi
#执行前提示
echo -e "\033[31m 这是centos7系统初始化脚本，将更新系统内核至最新版本，请慎重运行！\033[0m" 
read -s -n1 -p "Press any key to continue or ctrl+C to cancel"
echo "Your inputs: $REPLY"
#1.定义配置yum源的函数
yum_config(){
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.backup
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
yum clean all && yum makecache
}
#2.定义配置NTP的函数
ntp_config(){
yum –y install chrony
systemctl start chronyd && systemctl enable chronyd
timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai && timedatectl set-ntp yes
}
#3.定义关闭防火墙的函数
close_firewalld(){
systemctl stop firewalld.service &> /dev/null
systemctl disable firewalld.service &> /dev/null
}
#4.定义关闭selinux的函数
close_selinux(){
setenforce 0
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
}
#5.定义安装常用工具的函数
yum_tools(){
yum install –y vim wget curl curl-devel bash-completion lsof iotop iostat unzip bzip2 bzip2-devel
yum install –y gcc gcc-c++ make cmake autoconf openssl-devel openssl-perl net-tools
source /usr/share/bash-completion/bash_completion
}
#6.定义升级最新内核的函数
update_kernel (){
rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
rpm -Uvh http://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-3.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
yum --enablerepo=elrepo-kernel install -y kernel-ml
grub2-set-default 0
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
}
#执行脚本
main(){
    yum_config;
    ntp_config;
    close_firewalld;
    close_selinux;
    yum_tools;
    update_kernel;
}
main