MyCat分库分表中怎么实现ER分片

发布时间：2021-11-10 11:27:00 阅读：158 作者：iii 栏目：MySQL数据库

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这篇文章主要介绍“MyCat分库分表中怎么实现ER分片”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在MyCat分库分表中怎么实现ER分片问题上存在疑惑，小编查阅了各式资料，整理出简单好用的操作方法，希望对大家解答”MyCat分库分表中怎么实现ER分片”的疑惑有所帮助！接下来，请跟着小编一起来学习吧！

项目环境：

192.168.8.30 mycat

192.168.8.31 node1

192.168.8.32 node2

192.168.8.33 node3

三个节点MySQL均为单实例

一、配置schema.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE mycat:schema SYSTEM "schema.dtd">
<mycat:schema xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">
        <schema name="mycatdb" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100"> 
           <table name="order01" dataNode="dn$1-3,dn$13-15,dn$25-27" rule="mod-long">
           <childTable name="orderdetail01" primaryKey="orderdetail_id" joinKey="order_id" parentKey="order_id" /></table>
        </schema>
	<!-- <dataNode name="dn1$0-743" dataHost="localhost1" database="db$0-743"
		/> -->
        <dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="node1" database="testdb01" />
        <dataNode name="dn2" dataHost="node1" database="testdb02" />
        <dataNode name="dn3" dataHost="node1" database="testdb03" />
        <dataNode name="dn4" dataHost="node1" database="testdb04" />
        <dataNode name="dn5" dataHost="node1" database="testdb05" />
        <dataNode name="dn6" dataHost="node1" database="testdb06" />
        <dataNode name="dn7" dataHost="node1" database="testdb07" />
        <dataNode name="dn8" dataHost="node1" database="testdb08" />
        <dataNode name="dn9" dataHost="node1" database="testdb09" />
        <dataNode name="dn10" dataHost="node1" database="testdb10" />
        <dataNode name="dn11" dataHost="node1" database="testdb11" />
        <dataNode name="dn12" dataHost="node1" database="testdb12" />
        <dataNode name="dn13" dataHost="node2" database="testdb13" />
        <dataNode name="dn14" dataHost="node2" database="testdb14" />
        <dataNode name="dn15" dataHost="node2" database="testdb15" />
        <dataNode name="dn16" dataHost="node2" database="testdb16" />
        <dataNode name="dn17" dataHost="node2" database="testdb17" />
        <dataNode name="dn18" dataHost="node2" database="testdb18" />
        <dataNode name="dn19" dataHost="node2" database="testdb19" />
        <dataNode name="dn20" dataHost="node2" database="testdb20" />
        <dataNode name="dn21" dataHost="node2" database="testdb21" />
        <dataNode name="dn22" dataHost="node2" database="testdb22" />
        <dataNode name="dn23" dataHost="node2" database="testdb23" />
        <dataNode name="dn24" dataHost="node2" database="testdb24" />
        <dataNode name="dn25" dataHost="node3" database="testdb25" />
        <dataNode name="dn26" dataHost="node3" database="testdb26" />
        <dataNode name="dn27" dataHost="node3" database="testdb27" />
        <dataNode name="dn28" dataHost="node3" database="testdb28" />
        <dataNode name="dn29" dataHost="node3" database="testdb29" />
        <dataNode name="dn30" dataHost="node3" database="testdb30" />
        <dataNode name="dn31" dataHost="node3" database="testdb31" />
        <dataNode name="dn32" dataHost="node3" database="testdb32" />
        <dataNode name="dn33" dataHost="node3" database="testdb33" />
        <dataNode name="dn34" dataHost="node3" database="testdb34" />
        <dataNode name="dn35" dataHost="node3" database="testdb35" />
        <!--<dataNode name="dn4" dataHost="sequoiadb1" database="SAMPLE" />
	 <dataNode name="jdbc_dn1" dataHost="jdbchost" database="db1" />
	<dataNode	name="jdbc_dn2" dataHost="jdbchost" database="db2" />
	<dataNode name="jdbc_dn3" 	dataHost="jdbchost" database="db3" /> -->
	<dataHost name="node1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1"
                          writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
                <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
                <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
                <writeHost host="192.168.8.31" url="192.168.8.31:3306" user="root"  password="mysql"></writeHost>
        </dataHost>
        <dataHost name="node2" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1"
                          writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
                <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
                <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
                <writeHost host="192.168.8.32" url="192.168.8.32:3306" user="root"  password="mysql"></writeHost>
        </dataHost>
        <dataHost name="node3" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1"
                          writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="1"  slaveThreshold="100">
                <heartbeat>select user()</heartbeat>
                <!-- can have multi write hosts -->
                <writeHost host="192.168.8.33" url="192.168.8.33:3306" user="root"  password="mysql"></writeHost>
        </dataHost>
</mycat:schema>

二、配置rule.xml

<mycat:rule xmlns:mycat="http://io.mycat/">     
        <tableRule name="mod-long">
                <rule>
                        <columns>order_id</columns>
                        <algorithm>mod-long</algorithm>
                </rule>
        </tableRule>
       
        <function name="mod-long" class="io.mycat.route.function.PartitionByMod">
                <property name="count">9</property>
        </function>
 
</mycat:rule>

三、配置server.xml

<user name="root" defaultAccount="true">
		<property name="password">mysql</property>
		<property name="schemas">mycatdb</property>
</user>

四、创建测试库

node1

create database testdb01;
create database testdb02;
create database testdb03;

node2

create database testdb13;
create database testdb14;
create database testdb15;

node3

create database testdb25;
create database testdb26;
create database testdb27;

五、启动mycat

/usr/local/mycat/bin/mycat start

查看mycat日志

STATUS | wrapper  | 2018/11/22 14:12:55 | --> Wrapper Started as Daemon
STATUS | wrapper  | 2018/11/22 14:12:55 | Launching a JVM...
INFO   | jvm 1    | 2018/11/22 14:12:55 | OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=64M; support was removed in 8.0
INFO   | jvm 1    | 2018/11/22 14:12:58 | Wrapper (Version 3.2.3) http://wrapper.tanukisoftware.org
INFO   | jvm 1    | 2018/11/22 14:12:58 |   Copyright 1999-2006 Tanuki Software, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
INFO   | jvm 1    | 2018/11/22 14:12:58 | 
INFO   | jvm 1    | 2018/11/22 14:13:04 | MyCAT Server startup successfully. see logs in logs/mycat.log

六、登录MySQL，查看逻辑表

mysql -uroot -pmysql -P8066 -h292.168.8.30

mysql> show databases;
+----------+
| DATABASE |
+----------+
| mycatdb  |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.02 sec)
mysql> use mycatdb
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> show tables;
+-------------------+
| Tables in mycatdb |
+-------------------+
| order01           |
| orderdetail01     |
| user01            |
| user02            |
+-------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from order01;
ERROR 1105 (HY000): Table 'testdb03.order01' doesn't exist
mysql> 
mysql> drop table if exists order01;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.46 sec)
mysql> drop table if exists orderdetail01;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.16 sec)
mysql> CREATE TABLE order01(
    -> order_id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    -> number VARCHAR(64),
    -> createtime DATETIME);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.58 sec)
mysql> CREATE TABLE orderdetail01(
    -> orderdetail_id INT AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
    -> order_id INT,
    -> order_status CHAR(1),
    -> addresss VARCHAR(128),
    -> createtime DATETIME,
    -> CONSTRAINT fk_iorder01 FOREIGN KEY (order_id) REFERENCES order01
    -> (order_id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.63 sec)

七、插入测试数据

父表和子表各插入9条记录

INSERT INTO order01(order_id,number,createtime) VALUES(1,'steven101',NOW());
INSERT INTO orderdetail01(orderdetail_id,order_id,order_status,addresss,createtime) VALUES (1,1,'1','steven101(ID=1,steven101)',NOW());
INSERT INTO order01(order_id,number,createtime) VALUES(2,'steven201',NOW());
INSERT INTO orderdetail01(orderdetail_id,order_id,order_status,addresss,createtime) VALUES (2,2,'1','steven201(ID=2,steven201)',NOW());
INSERT INTO order01(order_id,number,createtime) VALUES(3,'steven301',NOW());
INSERT INTO orderdetail01(orderdetail_id,order_id,order_status,addresss,createtime) VALUES (3,3,'1','steven301(ID=3,steven301)',NOW());
INSERT INTO order01(order_id,number,createtime) VALUES(4,'steven401',NOW());
INSERT INTO orderdetail01(orderdetail_id,order_id,order_status,addresss,createtime) VALUES (4,4,'1','steven401(ID=4,steven401)',NOW());
INSERT INTO order01(order_id,number,createtime) VALUES(5,'steven501',NOW());
INSERT INTO orderdetail01(orderdetail_id,order_id,order_status,addresss,createtime) VALUES (5,5,'1','steven501(ID=5,steven501)',NOW());
INSERT INTO order01(order_id,number,createtime) VALUES(6,'steven601',NOW());
INSERT INTO orderdetail01(orderdetail_id,order_id,order_status,addresss,createtime) VALUES (6,6,'1','steven601(ID=6,steven601)',NOW());
INSERT INTO order01(order_id,number,createtime) VALUES(7,'steven701',NOW());
INSERT INTO orderdetail01(orderdetail_id,order_id,order_status,addresss,createtime) VALUES (7,7,'1','steven701(ID=7,steven701)',NOW());
INSERT INTO order01(order_id,number,createtime) VALUES(8,'steven801',NOW());
INSERT INTO orderdetail01(orderdetail_id,order_id,order_status,addresss,createtime) VALUES (8,8,'1','steven801(ID=8,steven801)',NOW());
INSERT INTO order01(order_id,number,createtime) VALUES(9,'steven901',NOW());
INSERT INTO orderdetail01(orderdetail_id,order_id,order_status,addresss,createtime) VALUES (9,9,'1','steven901(ID=9,steven901)',NOW());

八、验证数据

schema.xml中，order01和orderdetail01分片只配置了testdb01-03，testdb13-15，testdb25-27，所以除了这9个物理库之外，其他库查不到分片。

下面在三个node分别验证出分片信息：

node1

mysql> select * from testdb01.order01;
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
| order_id | number    | createtime          |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
|        9 | steven901 | 2018-11-22 14:21:20 |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb01.orderdetail01;
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
| orderdetail_id | order_id | order_status | addresss                  | createtime          |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
|              9 |        9 | 1            | steven901(ID=9,steven901) | 2018-11-22 14:21:23 |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb02.order01;
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
| order_id | number    | createtime          |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
|        1 | steven101 | 2018-11-22 14:21:18 |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb02.orderdetail01;
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
| orderdetail_id | order_id | order_status | addresss                  | createtime          |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
|              1 |        1 | 1            | steven101(ID=1,steven101) | 2018-11-22 14:21:18 |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb03.order01;
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
| order_id | number    | createtime          |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
|        2 | steven201 | 2018-11-22 14:21:18 |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb03.orderdetail01;
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
| orderdetail_id | order_id | order_status | addresss                  | createtime          |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
|              2 |        2 | 1            | steven201(ID=2,steven201) | 2018-11-22 14:21:18 |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

node2

mysql> select * from testdb13.order01;
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
| order_id | number    | createtime          |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
|        3 | steven301 | 2018-11-22 14:21:17 |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb13.orderdetail01;
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
| orderdetail_id | order_id | order_status | addresss                  | createtime          |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
|              3 |        3 | 1            | steven301(ID=3,steven301) | 2018-11-22 14:21:17 |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb14.order01;
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
| order_id | number    | createtime          |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
|        4 | steven401 | 2018-11-22 14:21:17 |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb14.orderdetail01;
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
| orderdetail_id | order_id | order_status | addresss                  | createtime          |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
|              4 |        4 | 1            | steven401(ID=4,steven401) | 2018-11-22 14:21:17 |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb15.order01;
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
| order_id | number    | createtime          |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
|        5 | steven501 | 2018-11-22 14:21:18 |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb15.orderdetail01;
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
| orderdetail_id | order_id | order_status | addresss                  | createtime          |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
|              5 |        5 | 1            | steven501(ID=5,steven501) | 2018-11-22 14:21:18 |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

node3

mysql> select * from testdb25.order01;
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
| order_id | number    | createtime          |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
|        6 | steven601 | 2018-11-22 14:21:20 |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb25.orderdetail01;
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
| orderdetail_id | order_id | order_status | addresss                  | createtime          |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
|              6 |        6 | 1            | steven601(ID=6,steven601) | 2018-11-22 14:21:20 |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb26.order01;
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
| order_id | number    | createtime          |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
|        7 | steven701 | 2018-11-22 14:21:20 |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb26.orderdetail01;
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
| orderdetail_id | order_id | order_status | addresss                  | createtime          |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
|              7 |        7 | 1            | steven701(ID=7,steven701) | 2018-11-22 14:21:20 |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb27.order01;
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
| order_id | number    | createtime          |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
|        8 | steven801 | 2018-11-22 14:21:20 |
+----------+-----------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> select * from testdb27.orderdetail01;
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
| orderdetail_id | order_id | order_status | addresss                  | createtime          |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
|              8 |        8 | 1            | steven801(ID=8,steven801) | 2018-11-22 14:21:20 |
+----------------+----------+--------------+---------------------------+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

到此，关于“MyCat分库分表中怎么实现ER分片”的学习就结束了，希望能够解决大家的疑惑。理论与实践的搭配能更好的帮助大家学习，快去试试吧！若想继续学习更多相关知识，请继续关注亿速云网站，小编会继续努力为大家带来更多实用的文章！

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