本篇内容主要讲解“java是怎么做资源回收补救的”,感兴趣的朋友不妨来看看。本文介绍的方法操作简单快捷,实用性强。下面就让小编来带大家学习“java是怎么做资源回收补救的”吧!
finalize方式是java对象被回收时触发的一个方法。java的很多资源对象,都是在finalize中写了担保的方法。
/** * Ensures that the <code>close</code> method of this file input stream is * called when there are no more references to it. * *
@exception IOException if an I/O error occurs. *
@see java.io.FileInputStream#close() */ protected void finalize() throws IOException { if ((fd !=
null) && (fd != FileDescriptor.in)) { /* if fd is shared, the references in FileDescriptor * will ensure that finalizer is only called when * safe to do so. All references using the fd have * become unreachable. We can call close() */ close(); } }
上面是FileInputStream的finalize方法,在方法被调用时,会检测文件描述符是否存在,如果存在的话就调用close方法。来确保资源的回收。
finalize方法在我们学习java的时候都并不推荐进行重写,也不推荐写复杂的逻辑在里面,主要是因为gc的时候,都会调用这个方法,如果执行的内容太多,就会导致gc被拖长。影响程序的正常运行。而且这里也只是做一个简单的担保。大部分希望的还是编写代码的人可以调用close。这样在做判断的时候就结束了,而不用真正的调用关闭的代码。
在DirectByteBuffer中,使用了一个Cleaner对象进行补救的。
unsafe.setMemory(base, size, (byte)
0);
if (pa && (base % ps !=
0)) {
// Round up to page boundary address = base + ps - (base & (ps - 1)); } else { address = base; } cleaner = Cleaner.create(this, new Deallocator(base, size, cap)); att = null;
申请完资源后,会创建一个Deallocator对象。
private static class Deallocator implements Runnable { private static Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe(); private long address; private long size; private int capacity; private Deallocator(long address,
long size,
int capacity) { assert (address !=
0); this.address = address; this.size = size; this.capacity = capacity; } public void run() { if (address ==
0) { // Paranoia return; } unsafe.freeMemory(address); address = 0; Bits.unreserveMemory(size, capacity); } }
Deallocator的run方法中就进行了资源的释放。执行的时机就是靠 Cleaner来触发的。Cleaner是PhantomReference的子类,PhantomReference是Reference的子类。在中有一个ReferenceHandler
private static class ReferenceHandler extends Thread {
他的run方法就是调用cleaner里的clean方法。这个线程是在静态块里启动起来的。
Thread handler =
new ReferenceHandler(tg,
"Reference Handler"); /* If there were a special system-only priority greater than * MAX_PRIORITY, it would be used here */ handler.setPriority(Thread.MAX_PRIORITY); handler.setDaemon(true); handler.start(); SharedSecrets.setJavaLangRefAccess(new JavaLangRefAccess() { @Override public boolean tryHandlePendingReference() { return tryHandlePending(false); } });
于此同时,并且给SharedSecrets设置了一个JavaLangRefAccess。调用clean方法的过程在tryHandlePending里,这里的参数很重要。
static boolean tryHandlePending(boolean waitForNotify) { Reference<Object> r; Cleaner c; try { synchronized (lock) { if (pending !=
null) { r = pending; // 'instanceof' might
throw OutOfMemoryError sometimes // so
do this before un-linking
'r' from the
'pending' chain... c = r
instanceof Cleaner ? (Cleaner) r :
null; // unlink
'r' from 'pending' chain pending = r.discovered; r.discovered =
null; }
else { // The waiting
on the lock may cause an OutOfMemoryError // because it may
try to allocate exception objects. if (waitForNotify) { lock.wait(); } // retry
if waited return waitForNotify; } } }
catch (OutOfMemoryError x) { // Give other threads CPU time so they hopefully drop some live references // and GC reclaims some space. // Also prevent CPU intensive spinning
in case
'r instanceof Cleaner' above // persistently throws OOME
for some time... Thread.yield(); // retry return true; }
catch (InterruptedException x) { // retry return true; }
waitForNotify是true的时候,在没有回收对象的时候,会进入阻塞,然后等ooe。外层是个死循环,就会被再次调用到,下次进来的时候就可以出发clean了。ReferenceHandler是管理机制的一种。还有一种就是SharedSecrets调用tryHandlePending(false)。在另外一个类,bits里
final JavaLangRefAccess jlra = SharedSecrets.getJavaLangRefAccess(); // retry
while helping enqueue pending Reference objects //
which includes executing pending Cleaner(s)
which includes // Cleaner(s) that free direct buffer memory while (jlra.tryHandlePendingReference()) { if (tryReserveMemory(size,
cap)) { return; } }
在做reserveMemory的时候,会从SharedSecrets来调用tryHandlePending(false)。这里又变相的进行了一次回收。
到此,相信大家对“java是怎么做资源回收补救的”有了更深的了解,不妨来实际操作一番吧!这里是亿速云网站,更多相关内容可以进入相关频道进行查询,关注我们,继续学习!
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原文链接:http://blog.itpub.net/69923331/viewspace-2701192/