这篇文章主要介绍“怎么安装和使用mysql的docker”,在日常操作中,相信很多人在怎么安装和使用mysql的docker问题上存在疑惑,小编查阅了各式资料,整理出简单好用的操作方法,希望对大家解答”怎么安装和使用mysql的docker”的疑惑有所帮助!接下来,请跟着小编一起来学习吧!
(1)https://hub.docker.com/ 从库中搜索mysql库,选择mysql:5.7
$ docker pull mysql:5.7
意思就是:从docker拉取mysql镜像,版本是5.7。其实我们可以具体点这样写:
$ docker pull docker.io/library/mysql:5.7 ,是不是很像下载文件的写法。
[root@k8s-master nginx]# df -k
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 102877120 2973376 94654772 4% /
[root@k8s-master nginx]# df -k
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda2 102877120 3355004 94273144 4% /
这个时候,我就会想,下载的镜像放在哪里了呢?这是个好问题。我们用find来找下,发现在这里
放着:ls /var/lib/docker/overlay2/
搜索会发现这个文件夹:
/var/lib/docker/overlay2/91f7d56179ab4bfb0a795401b590d17d30dae97d70b02f24454d1b5b4339798b/diff/run/mysqld。
(2)看下系统目前有哪些images
[root@k8s-master nginx]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
centos 7 67fa590cfc1c 2 days ago 202MB
mysql 5.7 e1e1680ac726 9 days ago 373MB
(3)开始启动这个镜像,用起来呗。
Starting a MySQL instance is simple:
$ docker run --name some-mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:tag
... where some-mysql is the name you want to assign to your container, my-secret-pw is the password to be
set for the MySQL root user and tag is the tag specifying the MySQL version you want. See the list above for
relevant tags.
$ mkdir /data/datadir
$ docker run --expose=3306 -p 3306 --name docker_mysql -v /data/datadir:/var/lib/mysql \
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 \
--collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
-p 3306 :开发端口
--name docker_mysql:container name 是docker_mysql
-v /data/datadir:/var/lib/mysql :主机目录/data/datadir容器目录/var/lib/mysql
-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 :root密码
-d: 后台启动
--character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci :传递给mysql的参数
(4)查询下现在都启动了哪些container呢?
[root@k8s-master nginx]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
6a9ad568a182 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 5 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:32768->3306/tcp docker_mysql
其实这个时候我们想,以docker启动和普通mysql启动有什么不同呢?先用ps看下
# ps aux|grep mysql
systemd+ 5438 0.2 9.7 1136232 194828 ? Ssl 15:41 0:00 mysqld
目前是用systemd用户启动的。
(5)这个时候我们查看一下/data/datadir,发现什么了?
# ls /data/datadir
auto.cnf ca.pem client-key.pem ibdata1 ib_logfile1 mysql private_key.pem server-cert.pem sys
ca-key.pem client-cert.pem ib_buffer_pool ib_logfile0 ibtmp1 performance_schema public_key.pem server-key.pem
(6)在看下主机的监听端口有哪些?
[root@k8s-master nginx]# netstat -tunlp
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 746/sshd
tcp6 0 0 :::32768 :::* LISTEN 8054/docker-proxy
32768就是暴露外面访问端口的地址。
(7)这个时候,我们就像连接mysql数据库,然后创建database,创建表
mysql -uroot -p123456 -h292.168.2.129 -P32768
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.27 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> create database test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> use test
Database changed
mysql> create table stu (id number ,name varchar(30));
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax; check the manual that corresponds to your MySQL server version for the right syntax to use near 'number ,name varchar(30))' at line 1
mysql> create table stu (id integer ,name varchar(30));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>
mysql> insert into stu values(1,'xie');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> commit;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
观察下,发现:mysql版本是5.7.27,用的是Community。
我创建了一个表stu.我去主机看下目录,果然创建了一个文件test和表stu.frm.
[root@k8s-master nginx]# ls /data/datadir/test
db.opt stu.frm stu.ibd
(8)这个时候我们是不是很有成就感了,哈哈。现在我想进去容器里面看看,到底有多少连接进来,怎么做呢?
docker exec -it docker_mysql bash
-i, --interactive Keep STDIN open even if not attached
-t, --tty Allocate a pseudo-TTY
[root@k8s-master nginx]# docker exec -it docker_mysql bash
root@6a9ad568a182:/# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.7.27 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
mysql> show processlist;
+----+------+---------------------+------+---------+------+----------+------------------+
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info |
+----+------+---------------------+------+---------+------+----------+------------------+
| 3 | root | localhost | NULL | Query | 0 | starting | show processlist |
| 4 | root | 192.168.2.132:50408 | NULL | Sleep | 4 | | NULL |
+----+------+---------------------+------+---------+------+----------+------------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
在这里,就像在一个操作系统里面一样,像做什么就做什么。自己体验一下吧。
(9)启动和关闭,再启动容器,再关闭容器,删除容器,再创建一个容器,然后连接到mysql,你发现了什么?
[root@k8s-master nginx]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
6a9ad568a182 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 24 minutes ago Up 24 minutes 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:32768->3306/tcp docker_mysql
[root@k8s-master nginx]# docker stop docker_mysql
docker_mysql
[root@k8s-master nginx]# docker start docker_mysql
docker_mysql
[root@k8s-master nginx]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
6a9ad568a182 mysql:5.7 "docker-entrypoint.s…" 24 minutes ago Up 12 seconds 33060/tcp, 0.0.0.0:32769->3306/tcp docker_mysql
# docker rm 6a9ad568a182
# docker run --expose=3306 -p 3306 --name docker_mysql -v /data/datadir:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7 --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
我再次连接到mysql,发现我刚刚创建的database test和表stu还在,还有一条数据。感觉container,类似一个普通的mysql 进程。像普通的mysql进程一样,
可以启动,关闭,删除,载入数据文件。
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