【方法】Oracle用户密码含特殊字符时的登陆问题
【密码】Oracle用户密码系列：http://blog.itpub.net/26736162/viewspace-2129595/
项目 | source db |
db 类型 | RAC |
db version | 11.2.0.3.0 |
db 存储 | ASM |
OS版本及kernel版本 | RHEL 6.5 |
当用户密码含有特殊字符的时候，测试sqlplus和exp、imp及expdp、impdp的登陆及修改密码问题。
普通用户连接：
[oracle@orcltest admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Feb 24 09:25:35 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@lhrdb> alter user lhr identified by "l@hr";
User altered.
SYS@lhrdb> exit Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options [oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus 'lhr/"l@hr"'@LHRDB
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Feb 24 09:27:05 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
LHR@LHRDB> EXIT Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options [oracle@orcltest ~]$
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sys用户连接：
[oracle@orcltest admin]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Feb 24 09:29:09 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@lhrdb> alter user sys identified by "l@hr";
User altered.
SYS@lhrdb> exit [oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus 'sys/"l@hr"'@LHRDB as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Fri Feb 24 09:29:35 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@LHRDB> exit Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options [oracle@orcltest ~]$
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密码用双引号，用户名和密码用单引号括起来，然后【用户名】+【密码】+【tn】+【as sysdba】用单引号括起来，最后的这个单引号用\进行转义
expdp \''sys/"l@hr"'@LHRDB as sysdba\' DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=SCOTT%U.dmp SCHEMAS=SCOTT COMPRESSION=all metrics=y |
[oracle@orcltest admin]$ expdp \''sys/"l@hr"'@LHRDB as sysdba\' DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=SCOTT%U.dmp SCHEMAS=SCOTT COMPRESSION=all metrics=y
Export: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Fri Feb 24 09:32:22 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options FLASHBACK automatically enabled to preserve database integrity. Starting "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01": "sys/********@LHRDB AS SYSDBA" DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFIL Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/STATISTICS/TABLE_STATISTICS Completed 4 TABLE_STATISTICS objects in 14 seconds . . exported "SCOTT"."DEPT" 4.976 KB 4 rows . . exported "SCOTT"."EMP" 5.617 KB 14 rows . . exported "SCOTT"."SALGRADE" 4.890 KB 5 rows . . exported "SCOTT"."BONUS" 0 KB 0 rows Master table "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully loaded/unloaded ****************************************************************************** Dump file set for SYS.SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01 is: /u02/app/oracle/admin/lhrdb/dpdump/SCOTT01.dmp Job "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_SCHEMA_01" successfully completed at 09:33:19
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[oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Mar 16 17:10:26 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@lhrdb> alter user scott identified by "tiger&123"; Enter value for 123: old 1: alter user scott identified by "tiger&123" new 1: alter user scott identified by "tiger"
User altered.
SYS@lhrdb> SYS@lhrdb> set define off SYS@lhrdb> alter user scott identified by "tiger&123";
User altered.
SYS@lhrdb> exit Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options [oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus 'scott/"tiger&123"'@LHRDB
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Mar 16 17:14:00 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SCOTT@LHRDB> SCOTT@LHRDB> set define off SCOTT@LHRDB> alter user scott identified by "$tiger&123l@h\r/0%s,d$";
User altered.
SCOTT@LHRDB> exit Disconnected from Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options [oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus 'scott/"$tiger&123l@h\r/0%s,d$"'@LHRDB
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Mar 16 17:20:12 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SCOTT@LHRDB>
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修改scott用户的密码为：a"b
[oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Mar 16 17:39:18 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@lhrdb> password scott Changing password for scott New password: Retype new password: Password changed SYS@lhrdb> conn scott/a"b Connected. SCOTT@lhrdb> [oracle@orcltest ~]$ sqlplus scott/a\"b
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Thu Mar 16 17:42:34 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SCOTT@lhrdb>
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注：因为一般特殊字符可以使用双引号处理，但是如果密码中含有双引号，就不能用双引号处理，可以直接使用password修改密码。
参考下表：
Linux平台 | sqlplus工具 | 数据泵工具（exp、expdp） | |
普通用户 | 无tns | sqlplus 'lhr/"l@h\r/0"' | expdp 'lhr/"l@h\r/0"' |
有tns | sqlplus 'lhr/"l@h\r/0"'@LHRDB | expdp 'lhr/"l@h\r/0"'@LHRDB | |
sys用户 | 无tns | sqlplus / as sysdba | expdp \'/ AS SYSDBA\' |
有tns | sqlplus 'sys/"l@h\r/0"'@LHRDB as sysdba | expdp \''sys/"l@h\r/0"'@LHRDB as sysdba\' | |
正常密码 | sqlplus sys/lhr@lhrdb as sysdba | expdp \'sys/lhr@LHRDB as sysdba\' | |
备注：含特殊字符密码为：l@h\r/0，正常密码为：lhr，tns为：LHRDB，总的原则为：密码用双引号括起来，用户名和密码用单引号括起来，然后【用户名】+【密码】+【tns】+【as sysdba】用单引号括起来，最后的这个单引号用\进行转义 alter user lhr identified by "l@h\r/0"; alter user sys identified by "l@h\r/0"; set define off alter user scott identified by "$tiger&123l@h\r/0%s,d$"; alter user scott identified by "$?`$%*H\@f'\<a-q $-@#<="">`}:H$"; password scott | |||
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Windows平台 | sqlplus工具 | 数据泵工具（exp、expdp） | |
普通用户 | 无tns | sqlplus lhr/"""l@h\r/0""" sqlplus lhr/\"l@h\r/0\" | expdp lhr/"""l@h\r/0""" expdp lhr/\"l@h\r/0\" |
有tns | sqlplus lhr/"""l@h\r/0"""@LHRDB sqlplus lhr/\"l@h\r/0\"@LHRDB | expdp lhr/"""l@h\r/0"""@LHRDB expdp lhr/\"l@h\r/0\"@LHRDB | |
sys用户 | 无tns | sqlplus / as sysdba | expdp \"/ as sysdba\" |
有tns | sqlplus sys/"""l@h\r/0"""@LHRDB as sysdba sqlplus sys/\"l@h\r/0\"@LHRDB as sysdba |
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正常密码 | sqlplus sys/lhr@lhrdb as sysdba | expdp \"sys/lhr@LHRDB as sysdba\" | |
备注：含特殊字符密码为：l@h\r/0，正常密码为：lhr，tns为：LHRDB，总的原则为：密码用3个双引号括起来，或者用一个双引号括起来，然后用\将双引号进行转义 DIRECTORY=DATA_PUMP_DIR DUMPFILE=dmp_SCOTT.dmp SCHEMAS=SCOTT reuse_dumpfiles=y | |||
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● 本文作者：小麦苗，只专注于数据库的技术，更注重技术的运用
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