Centos 6.5安装oracle 11g

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html

http://download.oracle.com/otn/linux/oracle11g/R2/linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip?AuthParam=1479527366_c5c6af19e54f7eed218aafe6914b194e  (下载地址)

安装时内存不要低于2G

1. 使用root用户登录操作系统

2. yum 安装 unzip 软件，用来解压上传的Oracle安装文件。

[root@CentOS ~]# yum install unzip –y

3. 解压Oracle 安装程序

[root@CentOS ~]# cd /tmp

[root@CentOS tmp]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip && unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

（这里有俩个包，1跟2都要下载）

4. Yum 安装vim软件，用于编辑配置文件（个人习惯，不安装vim，使用vi也可以）。

[root@CentOS tmp]# yum install vim -y

5. 在/etc/hosts文件中添加主机名

[root@CentOS tmp]# vim /etc/hosts

添加192.168.206.135 CentOS

6. 关闭selinux

[root@CentOS tmp]# vim /etc/selinux/config

设置SELINUX=disabled

[root@CentOS tmp]# setenforce 0

7. 关闭防火墙

[root@CentOS tmp]# service iptables stop

8. 安装Oracle 11g依赖包

[root@CentOS tmp]# yum install -y binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make numactl sysstat libXp unixODBC unixODBC-devel -y

9. 添加安装用户和用户组

[root@CentOS tmp]# groupadd oinstall

[root@CentOS tmp]# groupadd dba

[root@CentOS tmp]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

[root@CentOS tmp]# passwd oracle

[root@CentOS tmp]# id oracle

uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) 组=1001(oinstall),1002(dba)

10. 修改内核参数配置文件

[root@CentOS ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf

添加以下内容

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

kernel.shmall = 2097152

kernel.shmmax = 1073741824

[root@CentOS ~]# sysctl -p

其中kernel.shmmax = 1073741824为本机物理内存（2G）的一半，单位为byte。

这里会有个错误：

11. 修改用户的限制文件

[root@CentOS ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf

添加以下内容

oracle           soft    nproc           2047

oracle           hard    nproc           16384

oracle           soft    nofile          1024

oracle           hard    nofile          65536

oracle           soft    stack           10240

修改/etc/pam.d/login文件：

[root@CentOS ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login

添加以下内容：

session  required   /lib64/security/pam_limits.so

session        required               pam_limits.so

修改/etc/profile文件：

[root@CentOS ~]# vim /etc/profile

添加以下内容：

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

  if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

   ulimit -p 16384

   ulimit -n 65536

  else

   ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

  fi

fi

12. 创建安装目录和设置文件权限

[root@CentOS ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0

[root@CentOS ~]# mkdir /u01/app/oracle/oradata

[root@CentOS ~]# mkdir /u01/app/oracle/inventory

[root@CentOS ~]# mkdir /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area

[root@CentOS ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle

[root@CentOS ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle

13. 设置oracle用户环境变量

[root@CentOS ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@CentOS ~]$ vim .bash_profile

添加如下内容：

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0

ORACLE_SID=orcl

PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH

[root@oracle11g ~]# xhost +

access control disabled, clients can connect from any host

[root@oracle11g ~]# su - oracle

[oracle@oracle11g ~]$ unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip 

[oracle@oracle11g ~]$ unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip 

[oracle@oracle11g ~]$ cd database/

[oracle@oracle11g database]$ ./runInstaller 

这里要在图形化界面安装 下运行./runlnstaller，不然会出错，

注意，这里./runInstaller会出现错误，需要安装yum groupinstall "KDE Desktop" 然后在图形界下重启服务器，就可以了

[root@oracle11g ~]# sh /u01/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh 

执行/u01/有个root.sh的脚本

Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...

The following environment variables are set as:

    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle

    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/oracle/product/11.2.0.1/db_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 

   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...

   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...

Creating /etc/oratab file...

Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by

Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created

Finished running generic part of root.sh script.

Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

Finished product-specific root actions.

.登陆oracle数据库

[oracle@oracle11g database]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sat Nov 12 23:22:35 2016

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select * from dual;

D

-

X

SQL> select instance_name from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME

----------------

orac11g

SQL>