本篇文章为大家展示了C#中的对象怎么利用Distinct实现按条件去重,内容简明扼要并且容易理解,绝对能使你眼前一亮,通过这篇文章的详细介绍希望你能有所收获。
平时,我们将c#中的Distinct大多用于对数组去重,一般数组为基础的数据类型,例如 int,string.也可以用于对象去重,我们看看C#对Distinct方法的定义:
有重载,第一个参数都加了this,是拓展方法,有关拓展方法,请百度了解。
下面我们来研究下Distinct的对象去重,假设我们现在有一个People类:
public class People { public int ID { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 姓名 /// </summary> public string Name { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 所属省份 /// </summary> public string Province { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 年龄 /// </summary> public int Age { get; set; } public override string ToString() { return string.Format("ID:{0} Name:{1} Province:{2} Age:{3}", ID, Name, Province, Age); } }
我们声明一个ListPeole对象集合:
People p = new People() { ID = 100, Name = "liu", Province = "广东", Age = 100 }; People p1 = p; People p2 = p1; IEnumerable<People> ListPeople = new List<People>() { p, p1, p2, new People(){ID=0,Name="li",Province="湖北",Age=20}, new People(){ID=0,Name="li",Province="湖北",Age=20}, new People(){ID=1,Name="li",Province="湖北",Age=20}, new People(){ID=1,Name="li",Province="湖南",Age=20}, new People(){ID=2,Name="li",Province="湖北",Age=20}, new People(){ID=3,Name="li",Province="湖南",Age=21}, new People(){ID=4,Name="li",Province="湖北",Age=22}, };
我们来对ListPeople使用Distinct方法,不带任何参数,运行结果如下:
可以看到,Distinct方法没有带参数的话,将对象集合中p,p1,p2进行去重,而对于对象的成员值是一样的不同对象没有去重,说明Distinct方法不加参数的话,去重的规则是比较对象集合中对象的引用是否相同,如果相同,则去重,否则不去重。
现在我们有个需求,对于ID相同的People,我们算做同一个人,要输出集合中不重复的人(对于ID相同的随便输出一个即可),这时,我们用到了Distinct的第二个方法,方法要求传入的参数是IEqualityComparer类型,继承一个泛型接口,我们加入如下代码:
public class PeopleCompareByID : IEqualityComparer<People> { public bool Equals(People x, People y) { if (x == null || y == null) return false; if (x.ID == y.ID) return true; else return false; } public int GetHashCode(People obj) { if (obj == null) return 0; else return obj.ID.GetHashCode(); } }
继承IEqualityComparer接口必须实现Equals和GetHashCode方法。
我们比较的时候,传入一个PeopleCompareByID 的实体即可:
ListPeople.Distinct(new PeopleCompareByID()).ToList().ForEach(x => Console.WriteLine(x));
运行结果如下:
达到了我们以ID去重的效果。
现在需求又变,ID和省份相同的算同一个人,要输出人的信息(相同的随便输出一个即可),这个时候,我们看到ID=0和Province="湖北"的存在重复,要将其去重,我们再来一个类,还是继承自IEqualityComparer:
public class PeopleCompareByIDAndProvince : IEqualityComparer<People> { public bool Equals(People x, People y) { if (x == null || y == null) return false; if (x.ID == y.ID&&x.Province==y.Province) return true; else return false; } public int GetHashCode(People obj) { if (obj == null) return 0; else return obj.ID.GetHashCode()^obj.Province.GetHashCode(); } }
同样,使用Distinct方法的时候,传入PeopleCompareByIDAndProvince 的实例:
ListPeople.Distinct(new PeopleCompareByIDAndProvince()).ToList().ForEach(x => Console.WriteLine(x));
运行后的结果如下:
新增:1.类的某个属性是list数组,按照这个list的引用是否相同来判断是否是同一个对象
我们再来修改一下上面的代码如下:
class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { List<int> list = new List<int>() { 1, 2, 11, 222, 3, 4 }; List<int> list1 = new List<int>() { 1, 2, 11, 222, 3, 4 }; People p1 = new People() { Name = "Tony1", ID = 1, Age = 18, Members = list }; People p2 = new People() { Name = "Tony2", ID = 2, Age = 19, Members = list }; People p3 = new People() { Name = "Tony3", ID = 3, Age = 20, Members = list1 }; People p4 = new People() { Name = "Tony4", ID = 4, Age = 21, Members = new List<int>() }; List<People> personList = new List<People>() { p1, p2,p2,p3,p4 }; personList.Distinct(new PeopleComparedByList()).ToList().ForEach(x => Console.WriteLine(x)); Console.Read(); } } public class People { public int ID { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 姓名 /// </summary> public string Name { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 所属省份 /// </summary> public string Province { get; set; } /// <summary> /// 年龄 /// </summary> public int Age { get; set; } private List<int> members = new List<int>(); public List<int> Members { get { return members; } set { members = value; } } public override string ToString() { return string.Format("ID:{0} Name:{1} Province:{2} Age:{3},Members:{4}", ID, Name, Province, Age,string.Join("-",this.Members.ToList())); } } public class PeopleComparedByList : IEqualityComparer<People> { public bool Equals(People x, People y) { if (x.Members == y.Members) return true; else return false; } public int GetHashCode(People obj) { return obj.Members.GetHashCode(); } }
运行的结果如下:
从结果可以看到,Tony1,Tony2的Members属性是一个同一个引用的list,所以去重复的时候把Tony2给去掉了
达到了我们想要的效果。
新增:2.类的某个属性是list数组,按照这个list的各元素的值是否相同来判断是否是同一个对象
我们来新增加一个比较器:
public class PeopleComparedByListValue : IEqualityComparer<People> { public bool Equals(People x, People y) { if (x.Members == null && y.Members == null) return true; if (x.Members == null || y.Members == null) return false; if (x.Members.Count != y.Members.Count) return false; //循环比较值 for (int i = 0; i < x.Members.Count; i++) { if (x.Members[i] != y.Members[i]) return false; } return true; } public int GetHashCode(People obj) { var hashCode = 1; if (obj.Members == null) return 0; if (obj.Members.Count == 0) return 1; obj.Members.ForEach(x => hashCode ^= x); return hashCode; } }
使用这个比较器:
static void Main(string[] args) { List<int> list = new List<int>() { 1, 2, 11, 222, 3, 4 }; List<int> list1 = new List<int>() { 1, 2, 11, 222, 3, 4 }; People p1 = new People() { Name = "Tony1", ID = 1, Age = 18, Members = list }; People p2 = new People() { Name = "Tony2", ID = 2, Age = 19, Members = list }; People p3 = new People() { Name = "Tony3", ID = 3, Age = 20, Members = list1 }; People p4 = new People() { Name = "Tony4", ID = 4, Age = 21, Members = new List<int>() }; List<People> personList = new List<People>() { p1, p2,p2,p3,p4 }; personList.Distinct(new PeopleComparedByListValue()).ToList().ForEach(x => Console.WriteLine(x)); Console.Read(); }
运行结果:
可以看到,数组值为1, 2, 11, 222, 3, 4 的只剩下一个了,达到了按值相同去重复的效果。
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