这篇文章将为大家详细讲解有关RSA加密如何在python项目中使用 ，文章内容质量较高，因此小编分享给大家做个参考，希望大家阅读完这篇文章后对相关知识有一定的了解。
1、生成公钥私钥：
from Crypto import Random
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
# 伪随机数生成器
random_generator = Random.new().read
# rsa算法生成实例
rsa = RSA.generate(1024, random_generator)
# 私钥的生成
private_pem = rsa.exportKey()
with open("private.pem", "wb") as f:
f.write(private_pem)
# 公钥的生成
public_pem = rsa.publickey().exportKey()
with open("public.pem", "wb") as f:
f.write(public_pem)生成的公钥私钥文件在项目路径下，也可以直接指定生成文件路径。
文件样例
生成的公钥私钥格式是固定的，秘钥中间无空格无换行，秘钥末尾也空格无换行，如下：
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY----- MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDEedv+5NsbqAh7pjOMKF8I7FGa et3QMUi0g5xDfQAM219qqXnoPi2hmCMjR8MWJV/zyMZ6IiRG/pvrZ2ZhfDNFdW3Z SfHczRUvabABzWAr/57/eDBjswv4RQA+gUS6t8wFY/iV+O3i9+d79iN3VhUogfI3 3Ru3+RPFeFW88tYUhwIDAQAB -----END PUBLIC KEY----- -----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY----- MIICXAIBAAKBgQDEedv+5NsbqAh7pjOMKF8I7FGaet3QMUi0g5xDfQAM219qqXno Pi2hmCMjR8MWJV/zyMZ6IiRG/pvrZ2ZhfDNFdW3ZSfHczRUvabABzWAr/57/eDBj swv4RQA+gUS6t8wFY/iV+O3i9+d79iN3VhUogfI33Ru3+RPFeFW88tYUhwIDAQAB AoGAApzaO5QAg+gioLroEZOR2/UEisjafUPCg0ACynT1lLYwGSOCzv9QrQbwZK42 HmvF0GCZnxMoJ1eIbEN2PZKgveQ/o4o8OdhuSk8pcDY72QwQHgSh2yfdvqkulo7D vdmjz63DVSrknYRQFYSHIwUPVVTWyT80OTCYSn3JGqNKa9kCQQDZUbtlBvcPzP4T 5hRaH9XvCh4PPusQKGPzVRVLn+qZ30N2PNgttYKRMshlz1WMts2ZAKr3b3BLT6GT shE5KatfAkEA53JkuV1vUEMg5j1ClgrwTs65yLWb+NbLH84xekrkkSxCkVjE7J/N QV7Uk87na49LuztBaECBmaZyTQnFKk7P2QJAMzcc18lVbmbcNipR/49jJquWrOHi GfO64nzZwPHWIx9H0dSzCcquE7QJIF1Fhx0JxRYwNJIRv93rcVhU0MjuNwJAIgI/ JrXCC4sxpGNQC3gkA5CA4Cs/dfsp8cx8nLmwiFx2k6D1nseEg5yJpAZ9HuL5f9Of MtB3uroohYVwAV1/UQJBAIZQkryoOJxPbfWvIIGBOAlS/QqfE5kLV+3L2RUtBlac nJykMucrdDx1gVKgoREUElxpYtlWI17h9MeNXRICgIM= -----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Cipher import PKCS1_v1_5 as Cipher_pkcs1_v1_5
import base64
# 加密
message = "Hello,This is RSA加密"
rsakey = RSA.importKey(open("public.pem").read())
cipher = Cipher_pkcs1_v1_5.new(rsakey) #创建用于执行pkcs1_v1_5加密或解密的密码
cipher_text = base64.b64encode(cipher.encrypt(message.encode('utf-8')))
print(cipher_text.decode('utf-8'))加密结果：
Y1oivzbBDIEWX+NaXYLCJo5A226TmuemketZMUM3U80Rw3gSETjG5rHQ+S++Yao+iGQ5jSJA2yjkDtDAjdvi2VUz15LRSkdeKoliWnWy93KKl+aNEsBl3SUicATUgfNWU5ILo+DiltpF79AfIEhPptAz7+gN11KAf5LjfcQZ2+0=
这里每次使用公钥加密后的结果都不一致，跟对数据的padding即填充有关。
加密时支持的最大字节数与证书有一定关系。加密时支持的最大字节数：证书位数/8 -11（比如：2048位的证书，支持的最大加密字节数：2048/8 - 11 = 245）
1024位的证书，加密时最大支持117个字节，解密时为128；
2048位的证书，加密时最大支持245个字节，解密时为256。
如果需要加密的字节数超出证书能加密的最大字节数，此时就需要进行分段加密。
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Cipher import PKCS1_v1_5 as Cipher_pkcs1_v1_5
import base64
# 解密
cipher_text = "Y1oivzbBDIEWX+NaXYLCJo5A226TmuemketZMUM3U80Rw3gSETjG5rHQ+S++Yao+iGQ5jSJA2yjkDtDAjdvi2VUz15LRSkdeKoliWnWy93KKl+aNEsBl3SUicATUgfNWU5ILo+DiltpF79AfIEhPptAz7+gN11KAf5LjfcQZ2+0="
encrypt_text = cipher_text.encode('utf-8')
rsakey = RSA.importKey(open("private.pem").read())
cipher = Cipher_pkcs1_v1_5.new(rsakey) #创建用于执行pkcs1_v1_5加密或解密的密码
text = cipher.decrypt(base64.b64decode(encrypt_text), "解密失败")
print(text.decode('utf-8'))解密结果，与加密前信息一致：
Hello,This is RSA加密
使用私钥加签，每次签名是一致的。
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Signature import PKCS1_v1_5 as Signature_pkcs1_v1_5
from Crypto.Hash import SHA
import base64
#加签
message = "This is a request message..."
rsakey = RSA.importKey(open("private.pem").read())
signer = Signature_pkcs1_v1_5.new(rsakey)
digest = SHA.new()
digest.update(message.encode("utf-8"))
sign = signer.sign(digest)
signature = base64.b64encode(sign)
print(signature.decode('utf-8'))签名结果：
fd99fQpbH48VT9YQKepyHSip9pwrJkm1PN3ZykHNrfTVk555fv392E7MtbIfcligOCWUx8nd3g+7J0Fo3x+9G1Y6MJs0CuMCbA4qulUMNGjzUpsN1URorMZfPKjPvhf22ARH9qZEnebQ7UUGO3ioy4nylZONb3Ldhga+PKyxYTM=
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from Crypto.Signature import PKCS1_v1_5 as Signature_pkcs1_v1_5
from Crypto.Hash import SHA
import base64
#验签
message_verify = "This is a request message..."
signature = "fd99fQpbH48VT9YQKepyHSip9pwrJkm1PN3ZykHNrfTVk555fv392E7MtbIfcligOCWUx8nd3g+7J0Fo3x+9G1Y6MJs0CuMCbA4qulUMNGjzUpsN1URorMZfPKjPvhf22ARH9qZEnebQ7UUGO3ioy4nylZONb3Ldhga+PKyxYTM="
rsakey = RSA.importKey(open("public.pem").read())
verifier = Signature_pkcs1_v1_5.new(rsakey)
hsmsg = SHA.new()
hsmsg.update(message_verify.encode("utf-8"))
is_verify = verifier.verify(hsmsg, base64.b64decode(signature))
print(is_verify)验签结果：
True
关于RSA加密如何在python项目中使用 就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，可以学到更多知识。如果觉得文章不错，可以把它分享出去让更多的人看到。
免责声明：本站发布的内容（图片、视频和文字）以原创、转载和分享为主，文章观点不代表本网站立场，如果涉及侵权请联系站长邮箱：is@yisu.com进行举报，并提供相关证据，一经查实，将立刻删除涉嫌侵权内容。
