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准备验证码
要有验证码,首先得先准备好验证码,本文采用 Java 自画的验证码,代码如下:
/** * 生成验证码的工具类 */public class VerifyCode {private int width = 100;// 生成验证码图片的宽度private int height = 50;// 生成验证码图片的高度private String[] fontNames = { "宋体", "楷体", "隶书", "微软雅黑" };private Color bgColor = new Color(255, 255, 255);// 定义验证码图片的背景颜色为白色private Random random = new Random();private String codes = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";private String text;// 记录随机字符串/** * 获取一个随意颜色 * * @return */private Color randomColor() {int red = random.nextInt(150);int green = random.nextInt(150);int blue = random.nextInt(150);return new Color(red, green, blue);}/** * 获取一个随机字体 * * @return */private Font randomFont() {String name = fontNames[random.nextInt(fontNames.length)];int style = random.nextInt(4);int size = random.nextInt(5) + 24;return new Font(name, style, size);}/** * 获取一个随机字符 * * @return */private char randomChar() {return codes.charAt(random.nextInt(codes.length()));}/** * 创建一个空白的BufferedImage对象 * * @return */private BufferedImage createImage() {BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();g2.setColor(bgColor);// 设置验证码图片的背景颜色g2.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);return image;}public BufferedImage getImage() {BufferedImage image = createImage();Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {String s = randomChar() + "";sb.append(s);g2.setColor(randomColor());g2.setFont(randomFont());float x = i * width * 1.0f / 4;g2.drawString(s, x, height - 15);}this.text = sb.toString();drawLine(image);return image;}/** * 绘制干扰线 * * @param image */private void drawLine(BufferedImage image) {Graphics2D g2 = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();int num = 5;for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) {int x1 = random.nextInt(width);int y1 = random.nextInt(height);int x2 = random.nextInt(width);int y2 = random.nextInt(height);g2.setColor(randomColor());g2.setStroke(new BasicStroke(1.5f));g2.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);}}public String getText() {return text;}public static void output(BufferedImage image, OutputStream out) throws IOException {ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);}}
这个工具类很常见,网上也有很多,就是画一个简单的验证码,通过流将验证码写到前端页面,提供验证码的 Controller 如下:
@RestControllerpublic class VerifyCodeController { @GetMapping("/vercode") public void code(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws IOException { VerifyCode vc = new VerifyCode(); BufferedImage image = vc.getImage(); String text = vc.getText(); HttpSession session = req.getSession(); session.setAttribute("index_code", text); VerifyCode.output(image, resp.getOutputStream()); }}
这里创建了一个 VerifyCode 对象,将生成的验证码字符保存到 session 中,然后通过流将图片写到前端,img标签如下:
<img src="/vercode" alt="">
展示效果如下:
自定义过滤器
在登陆页展示验证码这个就不需要我多说了,接下来我们来看看如何自定义验证码处理器:
@Componentpublic class VerifyCodeFilter extends GenericFilterBean { private String defaultFilterProcessUrl = "/doLogin"; @Override public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException { HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req; HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) res; if ("POST".equalsIgnoreCase(request.getMethod()) && defaultFilterProcessUrl.equals(request.getServletPath())) { // 验证码验证 String requestCaptcha = request.getParameter("code"); String genCaptcha = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("index_code"); if (StringUtils.isEmpty(requestCaptcha)) throw new AuthenticationServiceException("验证码不能为空!"); if (!genCaptcha.toLowerCase().equals(requestCaptcha.toLowerCase())) { throw new AuthenticationServiceException("验证码错误!"); } } chain.doFilter(request, response); }}
自定义过滤器继承自 GenericFilterBean ,并实现其中的 doFilter 方法,在 doFilter 方法中,当请求方法是 POST ,并且请求地址是 /doLogin 时,获取参数中的 code 字段值,该字段保存了用户从前端页面传来的验证码,然后获取 session 中保存的验证码,如果用户没有传来验证码,则抛出验证码不能为空异常,如果用户传入了验证码,则判断验证码是否正确,如果不正确则抛出异常,否则执行 chain.doFilter(request, response); 使请求继续向下走。
配置
最后在 Spring Security 的配置中,配置过滤器,如下:
@Configurationpublic class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter { @Autowired VerifyCodeFilter verifyCodeFilter; ... ... @Override protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception { http.addFilterBefore(verifyCodeFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class); http.authorizeRequests() .antMatchers("/admin/**").hasRole("admin") ... ... .permitAll() .and() .csrf().disable(); }}
这里只贴出了部分核心代码,即 http.addFilterBefore(verifyCodeFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class); ,如此之后,整个配置就算完成了。
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