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python中怎么实现分布式抓取网页

发布时间:2021-07-05 18:19:50 来源:亿速云 阅读:110 作者:Leah 栏目:编程语言

python中怎么实现分布式抓取网页,很多新手对此不是很清楚,为了帮助大家解决这个难题,下面小编将为大家详细讲解,有这方面需求的人可以来学习下,希望你能有所收获。

[python]
view plaincopy

  1. '''''

  2. Created on 2010-9-15

  3. @author: chenggong

  4. '''


  5. import urllib2  

  6. import re  

  7. import socket  



  8. DEBUG = 0


  9. '''''

  10. 工具类

  11. '''

  12. class Tools():  

  13.     #log函数

  14.     @staticmethod

  15.     def writelog(level,info,notify=False):  

  16.         if DEBUG == 0:  

  17.             try:  

  18.                 print "["+level+"]"+info.decode('UTF-8').encode('GBK')   

  19.             except:  

  20.                 print "["+level+"]"+info.encode('GBK')   

  21.         else:  

  22.             print "["+level+"]"+info  

  23.         #if notify:

  24.         #    print "[notify]报告管理员!!"


  25.     #转unicode

  26.     @staticmethod

  27.     def toUnicode(s,charset):  

  28.         if( charset == "" ):  

  29.             return s  

  30.         else:  

  31.             try:  

  32.                 u = unicode( s, charset )  

  33.             except:  

  34.                 u = ""  

  35.         return u   


  36.     #正则抓取

  37.     #@param single 是否只抓取一个

  38.     @staticmethod

  39.     def getFromPatten(patten,src,single=False):  

  40.         rst = "";  

  41.         p = re.compile(patten,re.S)  

  42.         all = p.findall(src)  

  43.         for matcher in all:  

  44.             rst += matcher + " "

  45.             if( single ):  

  46.                 break

  47.         return rst.strip()  


  48. '''''

  49. 网页内容爬虫

  50. '''

  51. class PageGripper():  

  52.     URL_OPEN_TIMEOUT = 10 #网页超时时间

  53.     MAX_RETRY = 3 #最大重试次数


  54.     def __init__(self):  

  55.         socket.setdefaulttimeout(self.URL_OPEN_TIMEOUT)  


  56.     #获取字符集

  57.     def getCharset(self,s):  

  58.         rst = Tools.getFromPatten(u'charset=(.*?)"',s,True)  

  59.         if rst != "":  

  60.             if rst == "utf8":  

  61.                 rst = "utf-8"

  62.         return rst  


  63.     #尝试获取页面

  64.     def downloadUrl(self,url):  

  65.         charset = ""  

  66.         page = ""  

  67.         retry = 0

  68.         while True:  

  69.             try:  

  70.                 fp = urllib2.urlopen(url)  

  71.                 break

  72.             except urllib2.HTTPError,e: #状态错误

  73.                 Tools.writelog('error','HTTP状态错误 code='+e.code)  

  74.                 raise urllib2.HTTPError  

  75.             except urllib2.URLError,e: #网络错误超时

  76.                 Tools.writelog('warn','页面访问超时,重试..')  

  77.                 retry+=1

  78.                 if( retry > self.MAX_RETRY ):  

  79.                     Tools.writelog('warn','超过最大重试次数,放弃')  

  80.                     raise urllib2.URLError  


  81.         while True:  

  82.             line = fp.readline()  

  83.             if charset == "":  

  84.                 charset = self.getCharset(line)  

  85.             if not line:  

  86.                 break

  87.             page += Tools.toUnicode(line,charset)  

  88.         fp.close()  

  89.         return page  


  90.     #获取页面

  91.     def getPageInfo(self,url):  

  92.         Tools.writelog( "info","开始抓取网页,url= "+url)  

  93.         info = ""  

  94.         try:  

  95.             info = self.downloadUrl(url)  

  96.         except:  

  97.             raise

  98.         Tools.writelog("debug","网页抓取成功")  

  99.         return info  


  100. '''''

  101. 内容提取类

  102. '''

  103. class InfoGripper():  

  104.     pageGripper = PageGripper()  


  105.     def __init__(self):  

  106.         Tools.writelog('debug',"爬虫启动")  


  107.     #抓取标题

  108.     def griptitle(self,data):  

  109.         title = Tools.getFromPatten(u'box2t sp"><h4>(.*?)</h4>', data, True)  

  110.         if title == "":  

  111.             title = Tools.getFromPatten(u'<title>(.*?)[-<]',data,True)  

  112.         return title.strip()  


  113.     #抓取频道

  114.     def gripchannel(self,data):  

  115.         zone = Tools.getFromPatten(u'频道:(.*?)</span>',data,True)  

  116.         channel = Tools.getFromPatten(u'<a.*?>(.*?)</a>',zone,True)  

  117.         return channel  


  118.     #抓取标签

  119.     def griptag(self,data):  

  120.         zone = Tools.getFromPatten(u'标签:(.*?)</[^a].*>',data,True);  

  121.         rst = Tools.getFromPatten(u'>(.*?)</a>',zone,False);  

  122.         return rst  


  123.     #抓取观看次数

  124.     def gripviews(self,data):  

  125.         rst = Tools.getFromPatten(u'已经有<em class="hot" id="viewcount">(.*?)</em>次观看',data);  

  126.         return rst  


  127.     #抓取发布时间

  128.     def griptime(self,data):  

  129.         rst = Tools.getFromPatten(u'在<em>(.*?)</em>发布',data,True)  

  130.         return rst  


  131.     #抓取发布者

  132.     def gripuser(self,data):  

  133.         rst = Tools.getFromPatten(u'title="点击进入(.*?)的用户空间"',data,True)  

  134.         return rst  


  135.     #获取页面字符集

  136.     def getPageCharset(self,data):  

  137.         charset = Tools.getFromPatten(u'charset=(.*?)"',data,True)  


  138.         if( charset == "utf8" ):  

  139.             charset = "utf-8"

  140.         return charset  


  141.     #获取CC相关数据

  142.     def getCCData(self,data):  


  143.         zone = Tools.getFromPatten(u'SWFObject(.*?)</script>',data,True)  


  144.         #判断是否使用bokecc播放

  145.         isFromBokeCC = re.match('.*bokecc.com.*', zone)  

  146.         ifnot isFromBokeCC ):  

  147.             return "",""  


  148.         ccSiteId = Tools.getFromPatten(u'siteid=(.*?)[&,"]',zone,True)  

  149.         ccVid = Tools.getFromPatten(u'vid=(.*?)[&,"]',zone,True)  

  150.         return ccSiteId,ccVid  


  151.     #获取站内vid

  152.     def gripVideoId(self,data):  

  153.         vid = Tools.getFromPatten(u'var vid = "(.*?)"',data,True)  

  154.         return vid  


  155.     #获取点击量

  156.     def gripViewsAjax(self,vid,url,basedir):  

  157.         host = Tools.getFromPatten(u'http://(.*?)/',url,True)  

  158.         ajaxAddr = "http://" + host + basedir + "/index.php/ajax/video_statistic/" + vid  

  159.         '''''

  160.         try:

  161.             content = self.pageGripper.getPageInfo(ajaxAddr)

  162.         except Exception,e:

  163.             print e

  164.             Tools.writelog ("error", ajaxAddr+u"抓取失败")

  165.             return "error"

  166.         '''

  167.         Tools.writelog('debug', u"开始获取点击量,url="+ajaxAddr)  

  168.         while True:  

  169.             try:  

  170.                 fp = urllib2.urlopen(ajaxAddr)  

  171.                 break

  172.             except urllib2.HTTPError,e: #状态错误

  173.                 Tools.writelog('error','HTTP状态错误 code='+"%d"%e.code)  

  174.                 return ""  

  175.             except urllib2.URLError,e: #网络错误超时

  176.                 Tools.writelog('warn','页面访问超时,重试..')  

  177.                 retry+=1

  178.                 if( retry > self.MAX_RETRY ):  

  179.                     Tools.writelog('warn','超过最大重试次数,放弃')  

  180.                     return ""  

  181.         content = fp.read()  

  182.         fp.close()  

  183.         views = Tools.getFromPatten(u'"viewcount":(.*?),',content,True)  

  184.         views = views.replace('"','')  

  185.         return views  


  186.     #从网页内容中爬取点击量 

  187.     def gripViewsFromData(self,data):  

  188.         views = Tools.getFromPatten(u'已经有<.*?>(.*?)<.*?>次观看',data,True)  

  189.         return views  


  190.     def gripBaseDir(self,data):  

  191.         dir = Tools.getFromPatten(u"base_dir = '(.*?)'",data,True)  

  192.         return dir  


  193.     #抓取数据

  194.     def gripinfo(self,url):   


  195.         try:  

  196.             data = self.pageGripper.getPageInfo(url)  

  197.         except:  

  198.             Tools.writelog ("error", url+" 抓取失败")  

  199.             raise


  200.         Tools.writelog('info','开始内容匹配')  

  201.         rst = {}  

  202.         rst['title'] = self.griptitle(data)  

  203.         rst['channel'] = self.gripchannel(data)  

  204.         rst['tag'] = self.griptag(data)  

  205.         rst['release'] = self.griptime(data)  

  206.         rst['user'] = self.gripuser(data)  

  207.         ccdata = self.getCCData(data)  

  208.         rst['ccsiteId'] = ccdata[0]  

  209.         rst['ccVid'] = ccdata[1]  

  210.         views = self.gripViewsFromData(data)  

  211.         if views =="" or not views:  

  212.             vid = self.gripVideoId(data)  

  213.             basedir = self.gripBaseDir(data)  

  214.             views = self.gripViewsAjax(vid,url,basedir)  

  215.             if( views == "" ):  

  216.                 views = "error"

  217.             if( views == "error"):  

  218.                 Tools.writelog("error","获取观看次数失败")  

  219.         Tools.writelog("debug","点击量:"+views)  

  220.         rst['views'] = views  

  221.         Tools.writelog('debug','title=%s,channel=%s,tag=%s'%(rst['title'],rst['channel'],rst['tag']))  

  222.         return rst  


  223. '''''

  224. 单元测试

  225. '''

  226. if __name__ == '__main__':  

  227.     list = [  

  228.             'http://008yx.com/xbsp/index.php/video/index/3138',  

  229.             'http://vblog.xwhb.com/index.php/video/index/4067',  

  230.             'http://demo.ccvms.bokecc.com/index.php/video/index/3968',  

  231.             'http://vlog.cnhubei.com/wuhan/20100912_56145.html',  

  232.             'http://vlog.cnhubei.com/html/js/30271.html',  

  233.             'http://www.ddvtv.com/index.php/video/index/15',  

  234.             'http://boke.2500sz.com/index.php/video/index/60605',  

  235.             'http://video.zgkqw.com/index.php/video/index/334',  

  236.             'http://yule.hitmv.com/html/joke/27041.html',  

  237.             'http://www.ddvtv.com/index.php/video/index/11',  

  238.             'http://www.zgnyyy.com/index.php/video/index/700',  

  239.             'http://www.kdianshi.com/index.php/video/index/5330',  

  240.             'http://www.aoyatv.com/index.php/video/index/127',  

  241.             'http://v.ourracing.com/html/channel2/64.html',  

  242.             'http://v.zheye.net/index.php/video/index/93',  

  243.             'http://vblog.thmz.com/index.php/video/index/7616',  

  244.             'http://kdianshi.com/index.php/video/index/5330',  

  245.             'http://tv.seeyoueveryday.com/index.php/video/index/95146',  

  246.             'http://sp.zgyangzhi.com/html/ji/2.html',  

  247.             'http://www.xjapan.cc/index.php/video/index/146',  

  248.             'http://www.jojy.cn/vod/index.php/video/index/399',  

  249.             'http://v.cyzone.cn/index.php/video/index/99',  

  250.             ]  


  251.     list1 = ['http://192.168.25.7:8079/vinfoant/versionasdfdf']  


  252.     infoGripper = InfoGripper()  

  253.     for url in list:  

  254.         infoGripper.gripinfo(url)  

  255.     del infoGripper  

WEB服务及任务调度

[python]
view plaincopy

  1. '''''

  2. Created on 2010-9-15

  3. @author: chenggong

  4. '''

  5. # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

  6. import string,cgi,time  

  7. from os import curdir,sep  

  8. from BaseHTTPServer import BaseHTTPRequestHandler,HTTPServer  

  9. from InfoGripper import *  

  10. import re  

  11. import MySQLdb  

  12. import time  

  13. import threading  

  14. import urllib  

  15. import urllib2  


  16. PORT = 8079

  17. VERSION = 0.1

  18. DBCHARSET = "utf8"

  19. PARAMS = [  

  20.           'callback',  

  21.           'sessionId',  

  22.           'retry',  

  23.           'retryInterval',  

  24.           'dbhost',  

  25.           'dbport',  

  26.           'db',  

  27.           'dbuser',  

  28.           'dbpass',  

  29.           'videoId'

  30.           ]  


  31. DBMAP = ['video_id',  

  32.          'ccsiteid',  

  33.          'ccvid',  

  34.          'desc_url',  

  35.          'site_id',  

  36.          'title',  

  37.          'post_time',  

  38.          'author',  

  39.          'elapse',  

  40.          'channel',  

  41.          'tags',  

  42.          'create_time',  

  43.          'check_time',  

  44.          'status']  


  45. '''''

  46. ERROR CODE定义

  47. '''

  48. ERR_OK = 0

  49. ERR_PARAM = 1

  50. ERR_HTTP_TIMEOUT = 5

  51. ERR_HTTP_STATUS = 6

  52. ERR_DB_CONNECT_FAIL = 8

  53. ERR_DB_SQL_FAIL = 9

  54. ERR_GRIPVIEW = 11

  55. ERR_UNKNOW = 12


  56. '''''

  57. 数据库适配器

  58. '''

  59. class DBAdapter(object):  


  60.     def __init__(self):  

  61.         self.param = {'ip':'',  

  62.                       'port':0,  

  63.                       'user':'',  

  64.                       'pw':'',  

  65.                       'db':''}  

  66.         self.connect_once = False  #是否连接过数据库


  67.     '''''

  68.             创建/更新数据库连接池

  69.     '''

  70.     def connect(self,ip,port,user,pw,db):  

  71.         if( ip != self.param['ip'or

  72.             port != self.param['port'or

  73.             user != self.param['user'or

  74.             pw != self.param['pw'or

  75.             db != self.param['db']):  

  76.             Tools.writelog('info','更换数据库连接池,ip='+ip+',port='+port+',user='+user+',pw='+pw+',db='+db)  

  77.             try:  

  78.                 if self.connect_once == True#释放上次连接

  79.                     self.cur.close()  

  80.                     self.conn.close()  

  81.                 self.conn=MySQLdb.connect(user=user,passwd=pw,db=db,host=ip,port=int(port))  

  82.                 self.conn.set_character_set(DBCHARSET)  

  83.                 self.connect_once = True

  84.                 self.cur=self.conn.cursor(MySQLdb.cursors.Cursor)  

  85.                 self.param['ip'] = ip  

  86.                 self.param['port'] = port  

  87.                 self.param['user'] = user  

  88.                 self.param['pw'] = pw  

  89.                 self.param['db'] = db  

  90.             except:  

  91.                 Tools.writelog('error',u'数据库连接失败',True)   

  92.                 raise

  93.             else:  

  94.                 Tools.writelog('info',u'数据库连接成功')  


  95.     '''''

  96.             执行SQL语句

  97.     '''

  98.     def execute(self,sql):  

  99.         Tools.writelog('debug',u'执行SQL: '+sql)  

  100.         try:  

  101.             self.cur.execute(sql)  

  102.         except:  

  103.             Tools.writelog('error',u'SQL执行错误:'+sql)  

  104.             raise


  105.     '''''

  106.             查询数据库

  107.     '''

  108.     def query(self,sql):  

  109.         row = {}  

  110.         self.execute(sql)  

  111.         row=self.cur.fetchall()  

  112.         return row  


  113.     '''''

  114.             视频错误

  115.     '''

  116.     def updateErr(self,videoId):  

  117.         nowtime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S',time.localtime(time.time()))  

  118.         sql = "UPDATE videos SET "

  119.         sql += "check_time='" + nowtime +"',"

  120.         sql += "status=-1 "

  121.         sql += "WHERE video_id="+videoId  

  122.         self.execute(sql)  

  123.         self.conn.commit()   


  124.     '''''

  125.             更新查询结果

  126.     '''

  127.     def update(self,obj,videoId,isUpdateTitle=True):  


  128.         Tools.writelog('debug','开始更新数据库')  

  129.         try:  

  130.             #更新video表

  131.             sql = "UPDATE videos SET "

  132.             if(obj['ccsiteId'] !="" ):  

  133.                 sql += "ccsiteid='" + obj['ccsiteId'] + "',"  

  134.             if(obj['ccVid'] != "" ):  

  135.                 sql += "ccvid='" + obj['ccVid'] + "',"  

  136.             if isUpdateTitle:  

  137.                 sql += "title='" + obj['title'] + "',"  

  138.             sql += "post_time='" + obj['release'] + "',"  

  139.             sql += "author='" + obj['user'] + "',"  

  140.             sql += "channel='" + obj['channel'] + "',"  

  141.             sql += "tags='" + obj['tag'] + "',"  

  142.             nowtime = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H-%M-%S',time.localtime(time.time()))  

  143.             sql += "check_time='" + nowtime +"',"

  144.             sql += "status=0 "

  145.             sql += "WHERE video_id="+videoId  


  146.             self.execute(sql)  


  147.             #更新count表

  148.             if( obj['views'] != 'error' ):  

  149.                 nowdate = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d',time.localtime(time.time()))  

  150.                 sql = "SELECT * FROM counts WHERE "

  151.                 sql += "date = '" + nowdate + "' and video_id=" + videoId  

  152.                 rst = self.query(sql)  

  153.                 if len(rst) > 0:#如果当天已有记录,则更新

  154.                     sql = "UPDATE counts SET count="+obj['views']  

  155.                     sql +=" WHERE video_id=" + videoId + " AND date='" + nowdate+ "'"

  156.                 else:#否则插入

  157.                     sql = "INSERT INTO counts VALUES"

  158.                     sql += "(null," +videoId+",'"+nowdate+"',"+obj['views'] + ")"

  159.             self.execute(sql)                 

  160.             self.conn.commit()       

  161.             Tools.writelog('debug'"db commit ok")  

  162.             return ERR_OK  

  163.         except Exception,e:  

  164.             print e  

  165.             return ERR_DB_SQL_FAIL  


  166. '''''

  167. 任务线程类

  168. '''

  169. class TaskThread(threading.Thread):  


  170.     def setTaskTool(self,dbAdapter,gripper):  

  171.         self.dbAdapter = dbAdapter  

  172.         self.gripper = gripper  


  173.     def setParam(self,param):  

  174.         self.param = param  

  175.         self.videoId = param['videoId']  

  176.         assert self.videoId != ""  


  177.     def init(self):  

  178.         self.views = "0"

  179.         self.errcode = ERR_OK  


  180.     def run(self):  

  181.         Tools.writelog('debug','开始爬虫任务,sessionId='+self.param['sessionId'])  

  182.         self.init()  

  183.         try:  

  184.             #更新数据库连接

  185.             self.dbAdapter.connect(self.param['dbhost'],self.param['dbport'],self.param['dbuser'],self.param['dbpass'],self.param['db'])  

  186.         except:  

  187.             self.errcode = ERR_DB_CONNECT_FAIL #数据库连接失败

  188.             callback(self.errcode)  

  189.             return


  190.         #查询该vid的视频

  191.         sql = "SELECT "

  192.         for column in DBMAP:  

  193.             sql += column  

  194.             if column != DBMAP[len(DBMAP)-1]:  

  195.                 sql += ","


  196.         sql += " FROM videos"

  197.         sql += " WHERE video_id="+self.videoId  

  198.         video = self.dbAdapter.query(sql)  

  199.         assert not (len(video)>1 or len(video)==0#有且仅有一条记录


  200.         url = video[0][3]  

  201.         assert url != ""   

  202.         try:  

  203.             rst = self.gripper.gripinfo(url)  

  204.         except urllib2.HTTPError,e:  

  205.             self.errcode = ERR_HTTP_STATUS #HTTP状态错误

  206.             self.dbAdapter.updateErr(self.videoId)  

  207.         except urllib2.URLError,e:  

  208.             self.errcode = ERR_HTTP_TIMEOUT #HTTP连接超时

  209.             self.dbAdapter.updateErr(self.videoId)  

  210.         except:  

  211.             self.errcode = ERR_UNKNOW #未知错误

  212.             self.dbAdapter.updateErr(self.videoId)  

  213.         else:  

  214.             self.views = rst['views']  

  215.             if self.views == "error":  

  216.                 self.views = "-1"

  217.                 self.errcode = ERR_GRIPVIEW #数据抓取成功,点击量抓取失败

  218.             #更新数据库(特殊处理,如果原title中有 "-" 则不更新title字段)

  219.             title = video[0][5]  

  220.             assert title != ""  

  221.             if re.match('.*-.*', title):  

  222.                 self.errocde = self.dbAdapter.update(rst,self.videoId,True)  

  223.             else:  

  224.                 self.errcode = self.dbAdapter.update(rst,self.videoId)  

  225.         self.callback(self.errcode)  

  226.         Tools.writelog('info','任务结束,sessionId='+self.param['sessionId'])  

  227.         return


  228.     def callback(self,errcode):     

  229.         results = {'errorcode':errcode,'count':int(self.views)}  

  230.         results = urllib.urlencode(results)  

  231.         results = results.replace('&''%26')  

  232.         url = self.param['callback']  

  233.         url += "?"

  234.         url += "sessionId=" + self.param['sessionId']  

  235.         url += "&results=" + results  

  236.         retry = 0

  237.         while True:  

  238.             try:  

  239.                 Tools.writelog('debug',"回调主控,url="+url)  

  240.                 urllib2.urlopen(url)  

  241.                 Tools.writelog('debug','回调成功')  

  242.                 break

  243.             except urllib2.URLError, e: #超时、错误

  244.                 Tools.writelog('debug','回调主控超时,%s秒后重试'%self.param['retryInterval'])  

  245.                 retry+=1

  246.                 time.sleep(int(self.param['retryInterval']))  

  247.                 if( retry > int(self.param['retry'])):  

  248.                     Tools.writelog('error','回调主控失败')  

  249.                     return


  250. '''''

  251. WEB服务类

  252. '''

  253. class MyHandler(BaseHTTPRequestHandler):  


  254.     dbAdapter = DBAdapter()  

  255.     gripper = InfoGripper()  


  256.     def pageSuccess(self):  

  257.         self.send_response(200)  

  258.         self.send_header('Content-type''text/html')  

  259.         self.end_headers()  


  260.     def pageFail(self):  

  261.         self.send_error(404"not found")  


  262.     def getValue(self,param):  

  263.         src = self.path + '&'

  264.         reg = param + '=' + '(.*?)&'


  265.         value = Tools.getFromPatten(reg,src,True)  

  266.         return value  


  267.     def do_GET(self):  

  268.         isGetVersion = re.match('.*vinfoant/version.*'self.path)  

  269.         isTask = re.match('.*vinfoant/run.*'self.path)  

  270.         if( isGetVersion ):  

  271.             self.pageSuccess()  

  272.             self.wfile.write(VERSION)  

  273.         elif( isTask ):  

  274.             self.pageSuccess()  

  275.             param = {}  

  276.             for p in PARAMS:  

  277.                 param[p] = self.getValue(p) #获取各项参数

  278.             taskThread = TaskThread()  

  279.             taskThread.setTaskTool(self.dbAdapter, self.gripper)  

  280.             taskThread.setParam(param)  

  281.             taskThread.start()#启动任务线程

  282.             self.wfile.write("ok")          

  283.         else:  

  284.             self.pageFail()  

  285.         return


  286. '''''

  287. 启动WEB服务,全局入口

  288. '''

  289. def startHttpd():  

  290.     try:  

  291.         Tools.writelog('debug','httpd start..listen on '+str(PORT))  

  292.         httpd = HTTPServer(('',PORT), MyHandler )  

  293.         Tools.writelog('debug','success')  

  294.         httpd.serve_forever()  

  295.     except KeyboardInterrupt:  

  296.         Tools.writelog('debug','httpd close..')  

  297.         httpd.socket.close()  


  298. if __name__ == '__main__':  

  299.     startHttpd() 

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