利用python怎么实现一个定时发送邮件功能？针对这个问题，这篇文章详细介绍了相对应的分析和解答，希望可以帮助更多想解决这个问题的小伙伴找到更简单易行的方法。
全部代码如下：
import time
from datetime import datetime
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
import xlrd
from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler
from xlrd import xldate_as_tuple
ISOTIMEFORMAT = '%Y%m%d'
import smtplib
def read_file(file_path):
file_list = []
work_book = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path)
sheet_data = work_book.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')
print('now is process :', sheet_data.name)
Nrows = sheet_data.nrows
for i in range(1, Nrows):
file_list.append(sheet_data.row_values(i))
return file_list
def _format_addr(s):
name, addr = parseaddr(s)
return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))
def sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list):
nowDate = str(time.strftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT, time.localtime()))
html_content_start = \
'''
<html>
<body>
<p>hi，All：</p>
<table border="0"width="95%"height="50%"cellpadding="1"cellspacing="1"bordercolor="#D3D3D3"bgcolor="#9F9F9F">
<tr bgcolor="#D3D3D3" >
<th >工作事项</th>
<th >负责人</th>
<th >进度</th>
<th >风险与问题</th>
</tr>
'''
for i in range(len(file_list)):
work = file_list[i]
workdata, person_name, progress, issue = str(work[0]), str(work[1]), str(work[2]), str(work[3])
if '.' in str(work[2]): # 填的数字
progress = "%.0f%%" % (work[2] * 100) # 浮点转成百分比
updateTime = xldate_as_tuple(work[4], 0)
value = datetime(*updateTime)
# 先转换为时间数组,然后转换为其他格式
timeStruct = time.strptime(str(value), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
uptTime = str(time.strftime("%Y%m%d", timeStruct))
if uptTime != nowDate:
raise RuntimeError('有人没有更新最新记录:' + str(work[1]))
html_content_suffer = \
'''
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF" >
<td >{workdata}</td>
<td >{person_name}</td>
<td >{progress}</td>
<td >{issue}</td>
</tr>
'''.format(workdata=workdata.replace('\n', '<br>'), person_name=person_name, progress=progress, issue=issue)
html_content_start += html_content_suffer
html_content_end = \
'''
</table>
</body>
</html>
'''
html_content = html_content_start + html_content_end
try:
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg.attach(MIMEText(html_content, 'html', 'utf-8'))
msg['From'] = _format_addr('发送方 <%s>' % from_addr)
msg['To'] = _format_addr(to_addr + '<%s>' % to_addr)
msg['Subject'] = Header('主题' + nowDate, 'utf-8').encode()
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465)
server.login(from_addr, password) # 登录邮箱服务器
server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string()) # 发送信息
server.quit()
print("from_addr：" + str(from_addr), " to_addr：", to_addr, "已发送成功！")
except Exception as e:
print("发送失败" + e)
def job():
root_dir = 'D:\\develop\\python\\file'
file_path = root_dir + "\\excel.xlsx"
from_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 邮箱登录用户名
password = 'mima' # 登录密码
smtp_server = 'smtp.com' # 服务器地址，默认端口号25
to_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 接收方邮箱
file_list = read_file(file_path)
sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list)
print('发送完成')
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 该示例代码生成了一个BlockingScheduler调度器，使用了默认的任务存储MemoryJobStore，以及默认的执行器ThreadPoolExecutor，并且最大线程数为10。
# BlockingScheduler：在进程中运行单个任务，调度器是唯一运行的东西
scheduler = BlockingScheduler()
# 采用阻塞的方式
# 采用corn的方式，每天18点发送
scheduler.add_job(job, 'cron', hour='18')
'''
year (int|str) – 4-digit year
month (int|str) – month (1-12)
day (int|str) – day of the (1-31)
week (int|str) – ISO week (1-53)
day_of_week (int|str) – number or name of weekday (0-6 or mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat,sun)
hour (int|str) – hour (0-23)
minute (int|str) – minute (0-59)
econd (int|str) – second (0-59)
start_date (datetime|str) – earliest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive)
end_date (datetime|str) – latest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive)
timezone (datetime.tzinfo|str) – time zone to use for the date/time calculations (defaults to scheduler timezone)
* any Fire on every value
*/a any Fire every a values, starting from the minimum
a-b any Fire on any value within the a-b range (a must be smaller than b)
a-b/c any Fire every c values within the a-b range
xth y day Fire on the x -th occurrence of weekday y within the month
last x day Fire on the last occurrence of weekday x within the month
last day Fire on the last day within the month
x,y,z any Fire on any matching expression; can combine any number of any of the above expressions
'''
scheduler.start()表格如下：
如果放在linux系统中执行，上述脚本不能执行成功，是因为对编码等有要求，全部更新代码如下：
#coding=utf-8
import time
from datetime import datetime
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
import sys
import xlrd
from apscheduler.schedulers.blocking import BlockingScheduler
from xlrd import xldate_as_tuple
ISOTIMEFORMAT = '%Y%m%d'
import smtplib
import logging
logging.basicConfig()
def read_file(file_path):
file_list = []
work_book = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path)
sheet_data = work_book.sheet_by_name('Sheet1')
print('now is process :', sheet_data.name)
Nrows = sheet_data.nrows
for i in range(1, Nrows):
file_list.append(sheet_data.row_values(i))
return file_list
def _format_addr(s):
name, addr = parseaddr(s)
return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))
def sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list):
nowDate = str(time.strftime(ISOTIMEFORMAT, time.localtime()))
html_content_start = \
'''
<html>
<body>
<p>hi，All：</p>
<table border="0"width="95%"height="50%"cellpadding="1"cellspacing="1"bordercolor="#D3D3D3"bgcolor="#9F9F9F">
<tr bgcolor="#D3D3D3" >
<th >工作事项</th>
<th >负责人</th>
<th >进度</th>
<th >风险与问题</th>
</tr>
'''
for i in range(len(file_list)):
work = file_list[i]
workdata, person_name, progress, issue = str(work[0]), str(work[1]), str(work[2]), str(work[3])
if '.' in str(work[2]): # 填的数字
progress = "%.0f%%" % (work[2] * 100) # 浮点转成百分比
updateTime = xldate_as_tuple(work[4], 0)
value = datetime(*updateTime)
# 先转换为时间数组,然后转换为其他格式
timeStruct = time.strptime(str(value), "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
uptTime = str(time.strftime("%Y%m%d", timeStruct))
if uptTime != nowDate:
raise RuntimeError('有人没有更新最新记录:' + str(work[1]))
html_content_suffer = \
'''
<tr bgcolor="#FFFFFF" >
<td >{workdata}</td>
<td >{person_name}</td>
<td >{progress}</td>
<td >{issue}</td>
</tr>
'''.format(workdata=workdata.replace('\n', '<br>'), person_name=person_name.replace('\n', '<br>'), progress=progress.replace('\n', '<br>'), issue=issue.replace('\n', '<br>'))
html_content_start += html_content_suffer
html_content_end = \
'''
</table>
</body>
</html>
'''
html_content = html_content_start + html_content_end
try:
msg = MIMEMultipart()
msg.attach(MIMEText(html_content, 'html', 'utf-8'))
msg['From'] = _format_addr('发送方 <%s>' % from_addr)
msg['To'] = _format_addr(to_addr + '<%s>' % to_addr)
msg['Subject'] = Header('主题' + nowDate, 'utf-8').encode()
server = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server, 465)
server.login(from_addr, password) # 登录邮箱服务器
server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string()) # 发送信息
server.quit()
print("from_addr：" + str(from_addr), " to_addr：", to_addr, "已发送成功！")
except Exception as e:
print("发送失败" + e)
def job():
root_dir = 'D:\\develop\\python\\file'
file_path = root_dir + "\\excel.xlsx"
from_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 邮箱登录用户名
password = 'mima' # 登录密码
smtp_server = 'smtp.com' # 服务器地址，默认端口号25
to_addr = 'aaa@163.com' # 接收方邮箱
file_list = read_file(file_path)
sendEmail(from_addr, password, to_addr, smtp_server, file_list)
print('发送完成')
if __name__ == '__main__':
# 该示例代码生成了一个BlockingScheduler调度器，使用了默认的任务存储MemoryJobStore，以及默认的执行器ThreadPoolExecutor，并且最大线程数为10。
# BlockingScheduler：在进程中运行单个任务，调度器是唯一运行的东西
scheduler = BlockingScheduler()
# 采用阻塞的方式
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding("utf8")
# 采用corn的方式
scheduler.add_job(job, 'cron', hour='21', minute='0')
'''
year (int|str) – 4-digit year
month (int|str) – month (1-12)
day (int|str) – day of the (1-31)
week (int|str) – ISO week (1-53)
day_of_week (int|str) – number or name of weekday (0-6 or mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat,sun)
hour (int|str) – hour (0-23)
minute (int|str) – minute (0-59)
econd (int|str) – second (0-59)
start_date (datetime|str) – earliest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive)
end_date (datetime|str) – latest possible date/time to trigger on (inclusive)
timezone (datetime.tzinfo|str) – time zone to use for the date/time calculations (defaults to scheduler timezone)
* any Fire on every value
*/a any Fire every a values, starting from the minimum
a-b any Fire on any value within the a-b range (a must be smaller than b)
a-b/c any Fire every c values within the a-b range
xth y day Fire on the x -th occurrence of weekday y within the month
last x day Fire on the last occurrence of weekday x within the month
last day Fire on the last day within the month
x,y,z any Fire on any matching expression; can combine any number of any of the above expressions
'''
scheduler.start()关于利用python怎么实现一个定时发送邮件功能问题的解答就分享到这里了，希望以上内容可以对大家有一定的帮助，如果你还有很多疑惑没有解开，可以关注亿速云行业资讯频道了解更多相关知识。
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