怎么在Mybatis中自关联查询一对多查询

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所谓自关联查询，是指自己既然充当一方，又充当多方。比如新闻栏目的数据表，自己可以是父栏目，也可以是多方，子栏目。在数据表里面实现就是一张表，有一个外键pid，用来表示该栏目的父栏目，一级栏目没有父栏目的，可以将其外键设置为0。

DB表如下：

查询指定栏目的所有子孙栏目

查询指定目录的所有子孙目录，我们需要使用递归的思想，查出当前栏目之后，需要将当前栏目的id作为下一级栏目的pid。

实体类NewsLabel.java,使用一对多的关系：

import java.util.Set;

public class NewsLabel {
  private Integer id;
  private String name;
  private Set<NewsLabel>children;
  public Integer getId() {
    return id;
  }
  public void setId(Integer id) {
    this.id = id;
  }
  public String getName() {
    return name;
  }
  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }
  public Set<NewsLabel> getChildren() {
    return children;
  }
  public void setChildren(Set<NewsLabel> children) {
    this.children = children;
  }

  @Override
  public String toString() {
    return "NewsLabel [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", children="
        + children + "]";
  }
  
}

定义sql接口:

public interface INewsLabelDao {
  List<NewsLabel> selectChildByParentId(int pid);
}

mapper.xml文件，在递归里面使用本身sql：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper 
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="dao.INewsLabelDao">
  <resultMap type="beans.NewsLabel" id="newsLabelMapper">
    <id column="id" property="id"/>
    <result column="name" property="name"/>
    <collection property="children" 
        ofType="NewsLabel"
        select="selectChildByParentId"
        column="id"/>
  </resultMap>
  <select id="selectChildByParentId" resultMap="newsLabelMapper">
    select id,name from newslabel where pid=#{xxx}
  </select>
</mapper>

测试类MyTest.java:

public class MyTest {
 private INewsLabelDao dao;
 private SqlSession sqlSession;
 @Before
 public void Before(){
  sqlSession=MyBatisUtils.getSqlSession();
  dao=sqlSession.getMapper(INewsLabelDao.class);
 }
 @Test
 public void TestselectMinisterById(){
  List<NewsLabel>children=dao.selectChildByParentId(2);
  for(NewsLabel newsLabel:children){
   System.out.println(newsLabel);
  }
 }
 @After
 public void after(){
  if(sqlSession!=null){
   sqlSession.close();
  }
 }

}

结果：

NewsLabel [id=3, name=NBA, children=[NewsLabel [id=5, name=火箭, children=[]], NewsLabel [id=6, name=湖人, children=[]]]]
NewsLabel [id=4, name=CBA, children=[NewsLabel [id=7, name=北京金瓯, children=[]], NewsLabel [id=8, name=浙江广夏, children=[]], NewsLabel [id=9, name=青岛双星, children=[]]]]

这样的写法只能选出子孙栏目，不能将自己的信息输出。

查询指定目录以及指定子孙目录

添加一个sql的接口：

List<NewsLabel> selectSelfAndChildByParentId(int pid);

mapper文件里面实现,在resultMap里面递归调用另一个sql，最外层的sql只执行一次，这样就可以实现查询自身一次，递归查询子孙栏目的功能：

  <!-- 筛选出自己以及子孙栏目-->
  <select id="selectChildByParentId2" resultMap="newsLabelMapper2">
    select id,name from newslabel where pid=#{ooo}
  </select>
  <resultMap type="beans.NewsLabel" id="newsLabelMapper2">
    <id column="id" property="id"/>
    <result column="name" property="name"/>
    <collection property="children"
          ofType="NewsLabel"
          select="selectChildByParentId2"
          column="id"/>
  </resultMap>
  <select id="selectSelfAndChildByParentId" resultMap="newsLabelMapper2">
    select id,name from newslabel where id=#{xxx}
  </select>

单元测试：

 @Test
 public void TestselectSelfAndChildrenLabelById(){
  List<NewsLabel> children = dao.selectSelfAndChildByParentId(2);
  for (NewsLabel newsLabel : children) {
   System.out.println(newsLabel);
  }
 }

结果：

[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,667 - org.apache.ibatis.transaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction -450  [main] DEBUG org.apache.ibatis.transaction.jdbc.JdbcTransaction  - Setting autocommit to false on JDBC Connection [com.mysql.jdbc.JDBC4Connection@5bb21b69]
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,669 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectSelfAndChildByParentId -452  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectSelfAndChildByParentId  - ==>  Preparing: select id,name from newslabel where id=?
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,704 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectSelfAndChildByParentId -487  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectSelfAndChildByParentId  - ==> Parameters: 2(Integer)
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,722 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -505  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ====>  Preparing: select id,name from newslabel where pid=?
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,723 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -506  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ====> Parameters: 2(Integer)
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,726 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -509  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ======>  Preparing: select id,name from newslabel where pid=?
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,726 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -509  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ======> Parameters: 3(Integer)
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,727 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -510  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ========>  Preparing: select id,name from newslabel where pid=?
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,728 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -511  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ========> Parameters: 5(Integer)
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,729 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -512  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - <========      Total: 0
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,732 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -515  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ========>  Preparing: select id,name from newslabel where pid=?
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,732 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -515  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ========> Parameters: 6(Integer)
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,733 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -516  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - <========      Total: 0
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,734 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -517  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - <======      Total: 2
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,734 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -517  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ======>  Preparing: select id,name from newslabel where pid=?
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,734 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -517  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ======> Parameters: 4(Integer)
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,736 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -519  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ========>  Preparing: select id,name from newslabel where pid=?
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,736 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -519  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ========> Parameters: 7(Integer)
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,738 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -521  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - <========      Total: 0
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,738 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -521  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ========>  Preparing: select id,name from newslabel where pid=?
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,739 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -522  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ========> Parameters: 8(Integer)
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,741 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -524  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - <========      Total: 0
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,742 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -525  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ========>  Preparing: select id,name from newslabel where pid=?
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,742 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -525  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - ========> Parameters: 9(Integer)
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,743 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -526  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - <========      Total: 0
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,744 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -527  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - <======      Total: 3
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,744 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2 -527  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectChildByParentId2  - <====      Total: 2
[service] 2018-07-16 11:17:16,745 - dao.INewsLabelDao.selectSelfAndChildByParentId -528  [main] DEBUG dao.INewsLabelDao.selectSelfAndChildByParentId  - <==      Total: 1
NewsLabel [id=2, name=体育新闻, children=[NewsLabel [id=3, name=NBA, children=[NewsLabel [id=6, name=湖人, children=[]], NewsLabel [id=5, name=火箭, children=[]]]], NewsLabel [id=4, name=CBA, children=[NewsLabel [id=7, name=北京金瓯, children=[]], NewsLabel [id=8, name=浙江广夏, children=[]], NewsLabel [id=9, name=青岛双星, children=[]]]]]]

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