这篇文章主要介绍“如何用C语言实现俄罗斯方块”，在日常操作中，相信很多人在如何用C语言实现俄罗斯方块问题上存在疑惑，小编查阅了各式资料，整理出简单好用的操作方法，希望对大家解答”如何用C语言实现俄罗斯方块”的疑惑有所帮助！接下来，请跟着小编一起来学习吧！
C语言实现俄罗斯方块的具体代码，用VC++6.0操作如下：
1、文件->新建->文件->左边选C/C++ Header File->右边文件名命名为“tetris.h”->路径假定为桌面文件夹：tetris->确定。然后将下面红色字体标记的“头文件”代码粘贴至其中，保存并退出（或者关闭工作空间）。
2、文件->新建->文件->左边选C/C++ Header File->右边文件名命名为“tetris.h”->路径假定为桌面文件夹：tetris->确定。新建“tetris.c”源文件，将下面“源代码”代码粘贴到其中，保存并退出（或者关闭工作空间）。
3、文件->新建->工程->左边选Win32 Application ->右边工程名称命名为：tetris->路径假定为桌面文件夹：tetris->确定->一个空工程->完成。接下来：工程->增加到工程->文件。这时候，将头文件和源代码添加进去，调试使用。
1.头文件
//1.自定义枚举类型，定义7种形态的游戏方块
typedef enum tetris_shape
{
ZShape=0,
SShape,
LineShape,
TShape,
SquareShape,
LShape,
MirroredLShape
}shape;
//2.函数声明
//(1)操作方块函数
int maxX();//取得当前方块的最大x坐标
int minX();//取得当前方块的最小x坐标
void turn_left();//当前方块逆时针旋转90度
void turn_right();
int out_of_table();
void transform();
int leftable();
int rightable();
int downable();
void move_left();
void move_right();
//(2)操作游戏桌面的函数
int add_to_table();
void remove_full();
//(3)控制游戏函数
void new_game();
void run_game();
void next_shape();
int random(int seed);
//(4)绘图函数
void paint();
void draw_table();
//(5)其他功能函数
void key_down(WPARAM wParam);
void resize();
void initialize();
void finalize();
//(6)回调函数，用来处理Windows消息
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND,UINT,WPARAM,LPARAM);2.源代码
//1.文件包含 #include<windows.h> #include<time.h> #include<stdio.h> #include"tetris.h" //2.常量定义 #define APP_NAME "TETRIS" #define APP_TITLE "Tetris Game" #define GAMEOVER "GAME OVER" #define SHAPE_COUNT 7 #define BLOCK_COUNT 4 #define MAX_SPEED 5 #define COLUMS 10 #define ROWS 20 #define RED RGB(255,0,0) #define YELLOW RGB(255,255,0) #define GRAY RGB(128,128,128) #define BLACK RGB(0,0,0) #define WHITE RGB(255,255,255) #define STONE RGB(192,192,192) #define CHARS_IN_LINE 14 #define SCORE "SCORE %4d"
3.全局变量定义
//(1)
char score_char[CHARS_IN_LINE]={0};
//(2)
char* press_enter="Press Enter key...";
//(3)帮助提示信息
char *help[]=
{
"press space or up key to transform shape.",
"Press left or right key to mover shape.",
"Press down key to speed up.",
"Press enter key to pause game.",
"Enjoy it.:-)",
0
};
//(4)枚举游戏的状态
enum game_state
{
game_start,
game_run,
game_pause,
game_over,
}state=game_start;
//(5)定义方块的颜色
COLORREF shape_color[]=
{
RGB(255,0,0),
RGB(0,255,0),
RGB(0,0,255),
RGB(255,255,0),
RGB(0,255,255),
RGB(255,0,255),
RGB(255,255,255)
};
//(6)方块的7中类型
int shape_coordinate[SHAPE_COUNT][BLOCK_COUNT][2]=
{
{{0,1},{0,0},{-1,0},{-1,1}},
{{0,-1},{0,0},{1,0},{1,1}},
{{0,-1},{0,0},{0,1},{0,2}},
{{-1,0},{0,0},{1,0},{0,1}},
{{0,0},{1,0},{0,1},{1,1}},
{{-1,-1},{0,-1},{0,0},{0,1}},
{{1,-1},{0,-1},{0,0},{0,1}}
};
//(7)得分
int score=0;
//(8)下一个方块
shape next=0;
//(9)当前方块
shape current=0;
//(10)当前方块的每一部分坐标
int current_coordinate[4][2]={0};
//(11)游戏桌面
int table[ROWS][COLUMS]={0};
//(12)当前方块的x坐标
int shapex=0;
//(13)当前方块的\y坐标
int shapey=0;
//(14)方块下移速度
int speed=0;
//(15)每一帧开始时间
clock_t start=0;
//(16)每一帧结束时间
clock_t finish=0;
//(17)windows绘图用变量
HWND gameWND;
HBITMAP memBM;
HBITMAP memBMOld;
HDC memDC;
RECT clientRC;
HBRUSH blackBrush;
HBRUSH stoneBrush;
HBRUSH shapeBrush[SHAPE_COUNT];
HPEN grayPen;
HFONT bigFont;
HFONT smallFont;
//4.主要处理函数
//(1)取最大坐标
int maxX()
{
int i=0;
int x=current_coordinate[i][0];
int m=x;
for(i=1;i<BLOCK_COUNT;i++)
{
x=current_coordinate[i][0];
if(m<x)
{
m=x;
}
}
return m;
}
//(2)取最小坐标
int minX()
{
int i=0;
int x=current_coordinate[i][0];
int m=x;
for(i=1;i<BLOCK_COUNT;i++)
{
x=current_coordinate[i][0];
if(m>x)
{
m=x;
}
}
return m;
}
//(3)逆时针转动方块
void turn_left()
{
int i=0;
int x,y;
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
x=current_coordinate[i][0];
y=current_coordinate[i][1];
current_coordinate[i][0]=y;
current_coordinate[i][1]=-x;
}
}
//(4)顺时针旋转方块
void turn_right()
{
int i=0;
int x,y;
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
x=current_coordinate[i][0];
y=current_coordinate[i][1];
current_coordinate[i][0]=-y;
current_coordinate[i][1]=x;
}
}
//(5)检查方块是否越界
int out_of_table()
{
int i=0;
int x,y;
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
x=shapex+current_coordinate[i][0];
y=shapey+current_coordinate[i][1];
if(x<0||x>(COLUMS-1)||y>(ROWS-1))
{
return 1;
}
if(table[y][x])
{
return 1;
}
}
return 0;
}
//(6)旋转方块
void transform()
{
if(current==SquareShape)
{
return ;
}
turn_right();
if(out_of_table())
{
turn_left();
}
}
//(7)判断方块是否向左移动
int leftable()
{
int i=0;
int x,y;
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
x=shapex+current_coordinate[i][0];
y=shapey+current_coordinate[i][1];
if(x<=0||table[y][x-1]==1)
{
return 0;
}
}
return 1;
}
//(8)判断方块是否向右移动
int rightable()
{
int i=0;
int x,y;
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
x=shapex+current_coordinate[i][0];
y=shapey+current_coordinate[i][1];
if(x>=(COLUMS-1)||table[y][x+1]==1)
{
return 0;
}
}
return 1;
}
//(9)判断方块是否向下移动
int downable()
{
int i=0;
int x,y;
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
x=shapex+current_coordinate[i][0];
y=shapey+current_coordinate[i][1];
if(y>=(ROWS-1)||table[y+1][x]==1)
{
return 0;
}
}
return 1;
}
//(10)向左移动当前方块
void move_left()
{
if(leftable())
{
shapex--;
}
}
//(11)向右移动当前方块
void move_right()
{
if(rightable())
{
shapex++;
}
}
//(12)向下移动当前方块
void move_down()
{
if(downable())
{
shapey++;
}
else
{
if(add_to_table())
{
remove_full();
next_shape();
}
else
{
state=game_over;
}
}
}
//(13)将当前方块固定到桌面上
int add_to_table()
{
int i=0;
int x,y;
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
x=shapex+current_coordinate[i][0];
y=shapey+current_coordinate[i][1];
if(y<0||table[y][x]==1)
{
return 0;
}
table[y][x]=1;
}
return 1;
}
//(14)删除填满的行
void remove_full()
{
int c=0;
int i,j;
for(i=ROWS-1;i>0;i--)
{
c=0;
for(j=0;j<COLUMS;j++)
{
c+=table[i][j];
}
if(c==COLUMS)
{
memmove(table[1],table[0],sizeof(int)*COLUMS*i);
memset(table[0],0,sizeof(int)*COLUMS);
score++;
speed=(score/100)%MAX_SPEED;
i++;
}
else if(c==0)
{
break;
}
}
}
//(15)创建新游戏
void new_game()
{
memset(table,0,sizeof(int)*COLUMS*ROWS);
start=clock();
next=random(SHAPE_COUNT);
score=0;
speed=0;
}
//(16)运行游戏
void run_game()
{
finish=clock();
if((finish-start)>(MAX_SPEED-speed)*100)
{
move_down();
start=clock();
InvalidateRect(gameWND,NULL,TRUE);
}
}
//(17)操作当前方块
void next_shape()
{
current=next;
memcpy(current_coordinate,shape_coordinate[next],sizeof(int)*BLOCK_COUNT*2);
shapex=(COLUMS-((maxX(current)-minX(current))))/2;
shapey=0;
next=random(SHAPE_COUNT);
}
//(18)取随机数
int random(int seed)
{
if(seed==0)
{
return 0;
}
srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
return (rand()%seed);
}
//(19)绘图
void paint()
{
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC hdc;
draw_table();
hdc=BeginPaint(gameWND,&ps);
BitBlt(hdc,clientRC.left,clientRC.top,clientRC.right,clientRC.bottom,memDC,0,0,SRCCOPY);
EndPaint(gameWND,&ps);
}
//(20)绘制游戏桌面
void draw_table()
{
HBRUSH hBrushOld;
HPEN hPenOld;
HFONT hFontOld;
RECT rc;
int x0,y0,w;
int x,y,i,j;
char* str;
w=clientRC.bottom/(ROWS+2);
x0=y0=w;
FillRect(memDC,&clientRC,blackBrush);
// 如果游戏是开始或结束状态
if(state==game_start||state==game_over)
{
memcpy(&rc,&clientRC,sizeof(RECT));
rc.bottom=rc.bottom/2;
hFontOld=SelectObject(memDC,bigFont);
SetBkColor(memDC,BLACK);
//如果游戏是开始状态，用黄色字显示游戏开始画面
if(state==game_start)
{
str=APP_TITLE;
SetTextColor(memDC,YELLOW);
}
//如果游戏是结束状态，用红色字显示GAME OVER
else
{
str=GAMEOVER;
SetTextColor(memDC,RED);
}
DrawText(memDC,str,strlen(str),&rc,DT_SINGLELINE|DT_CENTER|DT_BOTTOM);
SelectObject(memDC,hFontOld);
hFontOld=SelectObject(memDC,smallFont);
rc.top=rc.bottom;
rc.bottom=rc.bottom*2;
if(state==game_over)
{
SetTextColor(memDC,YELLOW);
sprintf(score_char,SCORE,score);
DrawText(memDC,score_char,strlen(score_char),&rc,DT_SINGLELINE|DT_CENTER|DT_TOP);
}
SetTextColor(memDC,STONE);
DrawText(memDC,press_enter,strlen(press_enter),&rc,DT_SINGLELINE|DT_CENTER|DT_VCENTER);
SelectObject(memDC,hFontOld);
return;
}
//桌面上残留的方块
hBrushOld=SelectObject(memDC,stoneBrush);
for(i=0;i<ROWS;i++)
{
for(j=0;j<COLUMS;j++)
{
if(table[i][j]==1)
{
x=x0+j*w;
y=y0+i*w;
Rectangle(memDC,x,y,x+w+1,y+w+1);
}
}
}
SelectObject(memDC,hBrushOld);
//画当前的方块
hBrushOld=SelectObject(memDC,shapeBrush[current]);
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
x=x0+(current_coordinate[i][0]+shapex)*w;
y=y0+(current_coordinate[i][1]+shapey)*w;
if(x<x0||y<y0)
{
continue;
}
Rectangle(memDC,x,y,x+w+1,y+w+1);
}
SelectObject(memDC,hBrushOld);
//画桌面上的表格线
hPenOld=SelectObject(memDC,grayPen);
for(i=0;i<=ROWS;i++)
{
MoveToEx(memDC,x0,y0+i*w,NULL);
LineTo(memDC,x0+COLUMS*w,y0+i*w);
}
for(i=0;i<=COLUMS;i++)
{
MoveToEx(memDC,x0+i*w,y0,NULL);
LineTo(memDC,x0+i*w,y0+ROWS*w);
}
SelectObject(memDC,hPenOld);
//画玩家得分
x0=x0+COLUMS*w+3*w;
y0=y0+w;
hFontOld=SelectObject(memDC,smallFont);
SetTextColor(memDC,YELLOW);
sprintf(score_char,SCORE,score);
TextOut(memDC,x0,y0,score_char,strlen(score_char));
//画下一个方块
y0+=w;
SetTextColor(memDC,STONE);
TextOut(memDC,x0,y0,"NEXT",4);
x0+=w;
y0+=2*w;
hBrushOld=SelectObject(memDC,shapeBrush[next]);
for(i=0;i<4;i++)
{
x=x0+shape_coordinate[next][i][0]*w;
y=y0+shape_coordinate[next][i][1]*w;
Rectangle(memDC,x,y,x+w+1,y+w+1);
}
SelectObject(memDC,hBrushOld);
//打印帮助信息
x0=(COLUMS+2)*w;
y0+=4*w;
SetTextColor(memDC,GRAY);
i=0;
while(help[i])
{
TextOut(memDC,x0,y0,help[i],strlen(help[i]));
y0+=w;
i++;
}
SelectObject(memDC,hFontOld);
}
//(21)处理按键
void key_down(WPARAM wParam)
{
//如果游戏不是运行状态，按下回车键
if(state!=game_run)
{
if(wParam==VK_RETURN)
{
switch(state)
{
case game_start:
next_shape();
state=game_run;
break;
case game_pause:
state=game_run;
break;
case game_over:
new_game();
next_shape();
state=game_run;
break;
}
}
}
//如果游戏状态是运行
else
{
switch(wParam)
{
case VK_SPACE:
case VK_UP:
transform();
break;
case VK_LEFT:
move_left();
break;
case VK_RIGHT:
move_right();
break;
case VK_DOWN:
move_down();
break;
case VK_RETURN:
state=game_pause;
break;
}
}
InvalidateRect(gameWND,NULL,TRUE);
}
//(22)改变窗口大小
void resize()
{
HDC hdc;
LOGFONT lf;
hdc=GetDC(gameWND);
GetClientRect(gameWND,&clientRC);
SelectObject(memDC,memBMOld);
DeleteObject(memBM);
memBM=CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc,clientRC.right,clientRC.bottom);
memBMOld=SelectObject(memDC,memBM);
DeleteObject(bigFont);
memset(&lf,0,sizeof(LOGFONT));
lf.lfWidth=(clientRC.right-clientRC.left)/CHARS_IN_LINE;
lf.lfHeight=(clientRC.bottom-clientRC.top)/4;
lf.lfItalic=1;
lf.lfWeight=FW_BOLD;
bigFont=CreateFontIndirect(&lf);
DeleteObject(smallFont);
lf.lfHeight=clientRC.bottom/(ROWS+2);
lf.lfWidth=lf.lfHeight/2;
lf.lfItalic=0;
lf.lfWeight=FW_NORMAL;
smallFont=CreateFontIndirect(&lf);
ReleaseDC(gameWND,hdc);
}
//(23)处理消息
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd,UINT message,WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParam)
{
switch(message)
{
case WM_SIZE:
resize();
return 0;
case WM_ERASEBKGND:
return 0;
case WM_PAINT:
paint();
return 0;
case WM_KEYDOWN:
key_down(wParam);
return 0;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
return 0;
}
//其他消息用Windows默认的消息处理函数处理
return DefWindowProc(hwnd,message,wParam,lParam);
}
//(24)初始化
void initialize()
{
LOGFONT lf;
HDC hdc;
int i;
hdc=GetDC(gameWND);
GetClientRect(gameWND,&clientRC);
memDC=CreateCompatibleDC(hdc);
memBM=CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc,clientRC.right,clientRC.bottom);
memBMOld=SelectObject(memDC,memBM);
blackBrush=CreateSolidBrush(BLACK);
stoneBrush=CreateSolidBrush(STONE);
//创建每个方块对应颜色的画笔
for(i=0;i<SHAPE_COUNT;i++)
{
shapeBrush[i]=CreateSolidBrush(shape_color[i]);
}
grayPen=CreatePen(PS_SOLID,1,GRAY);
memset(&lf,0,sizeof(LOGFONT));
//创建一个大字体
lf.lfWidth=(clientRC.right-clientRC.left)/CHARS_IN_LINE;
lf.lfHeight=(clientRC.bottom-clientRC.top)/4;
lf.lfItalic=0;
lf.lfWeight=FW_NORMAL;
smallFont=CreateFontIndirect(&lf);
ReleaseDC(gameWND,hdc);
}
//(25)释放资源
void finalize()
{
int i=0;
DeleteObject(blackBrush);
DeleteObject(stoneBrush);
for(i=0;i<SHAPE_COUNT;i++)
{
DeleteObject(shapeBrush[i]);
}
DeleteObject(grayPen);
DeleteObject(bigFont);
DeleteObject(smallFont);
SelectObject(memDC,memBMOld);
DeleteObject(memBM);
DeleteObject(memDC);
}
//(26) 入口函数
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance,HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,PSTR szCmdLine,int iCmdShow)
{
MSG msg;
WNDCLASS wndclass;
//设置窗口样式
wndclass.style=CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc=WndProc;
wndclass.cbClsExtra=0;
wndclass.cbWndExtra=0;
wndclass.hInstance=hInstance;
wndclass.hIcon=LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_APPLICATION);
wndclass.hCursor=LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_ARROW);
wndclass.hbrBackground=(HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
wndclass.lpszMenuName=NULL;
wndclass.lpszClassName=APP_NAME;
RegisterClass(&wndclass);
//创建Windows窗口
gameWND=CreateWindow(APP_NAME,
APP_TITLE,
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL,NULL,
hInstance,NULL);
initialize();
ShowWindow(gameWND,iCmdShow);
UpdateWindow(gameWND);
new_game();
for(;;)
{
if(state==game_run)
{
run_game();
}
//判断是否有Windows消息
if(PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0,PM_NOREMOVE))
{
if(GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
else
{
break;
}
}
}
finalize();
return msg.wParam;
}到此，关于“如何用C语言实现俄罗斯方块”的学习就结束了，希望能够解决大家的疑惑。理论与实践的搭配能更好的帮助大家学习，快去试试吧！若想继续学习更多相关知识，请继续关注亿速云网站，小编会继续努力为大家带来更多实用的文章！
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