怎么在golang中通过递归遍历生成树状结构?相信很多没有经验的人对此束手无策,为此本文总结了问题出现的原因和解决方法,通过这篇文章希望你能解决这个问题。
golang 是Google开发的一种静态强类型、编译型、并发型,并具有垃圾回收功能的编程语言,其语法与 C语言相近,但并不包括如枚举、异常处理、继承、泛型、断言、虚函数等功能。
通过递归和指针,嵌套成对应的结构体;
借鉴了前人的代码,但是最后递归的指针调用自己也是调试了半天才出来,这里献上完整的示例代码.
package main import ( "fmt" "encoding/json" ) type dept struct { DeptId string `json:"deptId"` FrameDeptStr string `json:"frameDeptStr"` Child []*dept `json:"child"` } func main() { depts := make([]dept,0) var a dept a.DeptId = "1" a.FrameDeptStr = "" depts = append(depts,a) a.DeptId="3" a.FrameDeptStr = "1" depts = append(depts,a) a.DeptId="4" a.FrameDeptStr = "1" depts = append(depts,a) a.DeptId="5" a.FrameDeptStr = "13" depts = append(depts,a) a.DeptId="6" a.FrameDeptStr = "13" depts = append(depts,a) fmt.Println(depts) deptRoots := make([]dept,0) for _,v := range depts{ if v.FrameDeptStr == ""{ deptRoots= append(deptRoots,v) } } pdepts := make([]*dept,0) for i,_ := range depts{ var a *dept a = &depts[i] pdepts = append(pdepts,a) } //获取了根上的科室 fmt.Println("根上的科室有:",deptRoots) var node *dept node = &depts[0] makeTree(pdepts,node) fmt.Println("the result we got is",pdepts) data, _ := json.Marshal(node) fmt.Printf("%s", data) } func has(v1 dept,vs []*dept) bool { var has bool has = false for _,v2 := range vs { v3 := *v2 if v1.FrameDeptStr+v1.DeptId == v3.FrameDeptStr{ has = true break } } return has } func makeTree(vs []*dept,node *dept) { fmt.Println("the node value in maketree is:",*node) childs := findChild(node,vs) fmt.Println(" the child we got is :",childs) for _,child := range childs{ fmt.Println("in the childs's for loop, the child's address here is:",&child) node.Child = append(node.Child,child) fmt.Println("in the child's for loop, after append the child is:",child) if has(*child,vs) { fmt.Println("i am in if has") fmt.Println("the child in if has is:",*child) fmt.Println("the child in if has 's address is:",child) makeTree(vs,child) } } } func findChild(v *dept,vs []*dept)(ret []*dept) { for _,v2 := range vs{ if v.FrameDeptStr+v.DeptId == v2.FrameDeptStr{ ret= append(ret,v2) } } return }
通过frame_dept_str来确定科室之间的关系的, (a.frame_dept_str= a's parent's frame_dept_str + a's parent's dept_id).
补充:golang的树结构三种遍历方式
package main import "log" type node struct { Item string Left *node Right *node } type bst struct { root *node } /* m k l h i j a b c d e f //先序遍历(根左右):m k h a b i c d l j e f //中序遍历(左根右):a h b k c i d m l e j f //后序遍历(左右根):a b h c d i k e f j l m */ func (tree *bst) buildTree() { m := &node{Item: "m"} tree.root = m k := &node{Item: "k"} l := &node{Item: "l"} m.Left = k m.Right = l h := &node{Item: "h"} i := &node{Item: "i"} k.Left = h k.Right = i a := &node{Item: "a"} b := &node{Item: "b"} h.Left = a h.Right = b c := &node{Item: "c"} d := &node{Item: "d"} i.Left = c i.Right = d j := &node{Item: "j"} l.Right = j e := &node{Item: "e"} f := &node{Item: "f"} j.Left = e j.Right = f } //先序遍历 func (tree *bst) inOrder() { var inner func(n *node) inner = func(n *node) { if n == nil { return } log.Println(n.Item) inner(n.Left) inner(n.Right) } inner(tree.root) } //中序 func (tree *bst) midOrder() { var inner func(n *node) inner = func(n *node) { if n == nil { return } inner(n.Left) log.Println(n.Item) inner(n.Right) } inner(tree.root) } //后序 func (tree *bst) lastOrder() { var inner func(n *node) inner = func(n *node) { if n == nil { return } inner(n.Left) inner(n.Right) log.Println(n.Item) } inner(tree.root) } func main() { tree := &bst{} tree.buildTree() // tree.inOrder() tree.lastOrder() }
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