这篇文章主要介绍Unity如何从UI中拖拽对象放置并拖动效果,文中介绍的非常详细,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴们一定要看完!
需求:点击UI,在场景中生成3D对象,对象跟随鼠标移动,放置后可再次拖拽对象,改变其位置。做了一个小Demo,如下图所示:
射线碰撞检测
对象空间坐标变换(世界坐标->屏幕坐标、屏幕坐标->世界坐标)
首先为要生成3D对象的UI添加一个鼠标监听事件,脚本如下:
SelectImage.cs
using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; using UnityEngine.EventSystems; public class SelectImage : MonoBehaviour,IPointerDownHandler{ //需要被实例化的预制 public GameObject inistatePrefab; //实例化后的对象 private GameObject inistateObj; // Use this for initialization void Start () { if (inistatePrefab==null)return; //实例化预制 inistateObj=Instantiate(inistatePrefab) as GameObject; inistateObj.SetActive(false); } //实现鼠标按下的接口 public void OnPointerDown(PointerEventData eventData) { inistateObj.SetActive(true); //将当前需要被实例化的对象传递到管理器中 SelectObjManager.Instance.AttachNewObject(inistateObj); } }
将脚本挂载到UI对象上。
创建一个对象放置管理器,用于处理拖动的放置的逻辑:
SelectObjManager.cs
using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class SelectObjManager : MonoBehaviour { private static SelectObjManager _instance; public static SelectObjManager Instance { get { return _instance; } } //物体z轴距摄像机的长度 public float _zDistance = 50f; //对象的缩放系数 public float _scaleFactor=1.2f; //地面层级 public LayerMask _groundLayerMask; int touchID; bool isDragging = false; bool isTouchInput = false; //是否是有效的放置(如果放置在地面上返回True,否则为False) bool isPlaceSuccess = false; //当前要被放置的对象 public GameObject currentPlaceObj = null; //坐标在Y轴上的偏移量 public float _YOffset=0.5F; void Awake () { _instance = this; } void Update () { if (currentPlaceObj == null) return; if (CheckUserInput()){ MoveCurrentPlaceObj(); }else if (isDragging){ CheckIfPlaceSuccess(); } } /// <summary> ///检测用户当前输入 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> bool CheckUserInput () { #if !UNITY_EDITOR&&(UNITY_ANDROID||UNITY_IOS) if (Input.touches.Length > 0) { if (!isTouchInput) { isTouchInput = true; touchID = Input.touches[0].fingerId; return true; } else if (Input.GetTouch (touchID).phase == TouchPhase.Ended) { isTouchInput = false; return false; } else { return true; } } return false; #else return Input.GetMouseButton (0); #endif } /// <summary> ///让当前对象跟随鼠标移动 /// </summary> void MoveCurrentPlaceObj () { isDragging = true; Vector3 point; Vector3 screenPosition; #if !UNITY_EDITOR&&(UNITY_ANDROID||UNITY_IOS) Touch touch = Input.GetTouch (touchID); screenPosition = new Vector3 (touch.position.x, touch.position.y, 0); #else screenPosition = Input.mousePosition; #endif Ray ray = Camera.main.ScreenPointToRay (screenPosition); RaycastHit hitInfo; if (Physics.Raycast (ray, out hitInfo, 1000, _groundLayerMask)) { point = hitInfo.point; isPlaceSuccess = true; } else { point = ray.GetPoint (_zDistance); isPlaceSuccess = false; } currentPlaceObj.transform.position = point+new Vector3(0,_YOffset,0); currentPlaceObj.transform.localEulerAngles = new Vector3 (0, 60, 0); } /// <summary> ///在指定位置化一个对象 /// </summary> void CreatePlaceObj(){ GameObject obj=Instantiate(currentPlaceObj) as GameObject; obj.transform.position=currentPlaceObj.transform.position; obj.transform.localEulerAngles=currentPlaceObj.transform.localEulerAngles; obj.transform.localScale*=_scaleFactor; //改变这个对象的Layer为Drag,以便后续拖动检测 obj.layer=LayerMask.NameToLayer("Drag"); } /// <summary> ///检测是否放置成功 /// </summary> void CheckIfPlaceSuccess(){ if (isPlaceSuccess){ CreatePlaceObj(); } isDragging=false; currentPlaceObj.SetActive(false); currentPlaceObj=null; } /// <summary> /// 将要创建的对象传递给当前对象管理器 /// </summary> /// <param name="newObject"></param> public void AttachNewObject(GameObject newObject){ if (currentPlaceObj){ currentPlaceObj.SetActive(false); } currentPlaceObj=newObject; } }
脚本中都有详细注释,我就不多解释了。
创建一个脚本,用于处理放置成功后,再次改变位置的逻辑:
DragObject.cs
using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using UnityEngine; public class DragObject : MonoBehaviour { //只针对指定的层级进行拖动 public LayerMask _dragLayerMask; //指定当前要拖动的对象 public Transform currentTransform; //是否可以拖动当前对象 public bool isDrag = false; //用于存储当前需要拖动的对象在屏幕空间中的坐标 Vector3 screenPos = Vector3.zero; //当前需要拖动对象的坐标相对于鼠标在世界空间坐标中的偏移量 Vector3 offset = Vector3.zero; void Update () { if (Input.GetMouseButtonDown (0)) { //将鼠标输入点转化为一条射线 Ray ray = Camera.main.ScreenPointToRay (Input.mousePosition); RaycastHit hitinfo; //如果当前对象与指定的层级发生碰撞,表示当前对象可以被拖动 if (Physics.Raycast (ray, out hitinfo, 1000f, _dragLayerMask)) { isDrag = true; //将当前需要拖动的对象赋值为射线碰撞到的对象 currentTransform = hitinfo.transform; //将当前对象的世界坐标转化为屏幕坐标 screenPos = Camera.main.WorldToScreenPoint (currentTransform.position); //将鼠标的屏幕坐标转换为世界空间坐标,再与当前要拖动的对象计算两者的偏移量 offset = currentTransform.position - Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint (new Vector3 (Input.mousePosition.x, Input.mousePosition.y, screenPos.z)); } else { isDrag = false; } } if (Input.GetMouseButton (0)) { if (isDrag == true) { var currentScreenPos = new Vector3 (Input.mousePosition.x, Input.mousePosition.y, screenPos.z); //鼠标的屏幕空间坐标转化为世界坐标,并加上偏移量 var currentPos = Camera.main.ScreenToWorldPoint (currentScreenPos) + offset; currentTransform.position = currentPos; } } if (Input.GetMouseButtonUp (0)) { isDrag = false; currentTransform = null; } } }
主要是一些坐标空间的变换和计算。
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