最近有有个小需求需要将shell 脚本的功能挪到windows中,但发现shell中有数组概念,但windows中却没有,同时shell中有很多方式处理字符串分割,但bat中就显得比较鸡肋,经过一番查找,终于有了方案(Stack Overflow:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1707058/how-to-split-a-string-in-a-windows-batch-file):
方案: 通过for循环处理,而处理的方式又可以分两种,一种是普通for,一种是for的文件处理方式:
方案一:
@echo off & setlocal rem 注意这里的s定义,其值不是使用双引号引起来的 rem also works for comma-separated lists, e.g. ABC,DEF,GHI,JKL set s=AAA BBB CCC DDD EEE FFF for %%a in (%s%) do echo %%a
方案二:is the best for (most) arbitrary delimiter characters.
@echo off & setlocal set s=AAA BBB CCC DDD EEE FFF set t=%s% :loop for /f "tokens=1*" %%a in ("%t%") do ( echo %%a rem 将截取剩下的部分赋给t,其实这里可以使用延迟变量开关 set t=%%b ) if defined t goto :loop
有个老兄给了个更完整的(用到了延迟变量):
@echo off setlocal ENABLEDELAYEDEXPANSION REM Set a string with an arbitrary number of substrings separated by semi colons set teststring=The;rain;in;spain REM Do something with each substring :stringLOOP REM Stop when the string is empty if "!teststring!" EQU "" goto END for /f "delims=;" %%a in ("!teststring!") do set substring=%%a REM Do something with the substring - REM we just echo it for the purposes of demo echo !substring! REM Now strip off the leading substring :striploop set stripchar=!teststring:~0,1! set teststring=!teststring:~1! if "!teststring!" EQU "" goto stringloop if "!stripchar!" NEQ ";" goto striploop goto stringloop ) :END endlocal
还有这样的:
set input=AAA BBB CCC DDD EEE FFF set nth=4 for /F "tokens=%nth% delims= " %%a in ("%input%") do set nthstring=%%a echo %nthstring%
其实Powershell里可能有更多的内置函数可以使用:
PS C:\> "AAA BBB CCC DDD EEE FFF".Split()
还有人提出用vbscrip代替bat:
Set objFS = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject") Set objArgs = WScript.Arguments str1 = objArgs(0) s=Split(str1," ") For i=LBound(s) To UBound(s) WScript.Echo s(i) WScript.Echo s(9) ' get the 10th element Next usage: c:\test> cscript /nologo test.vbs "AAA BBB CCC"
最后来一个bat中的小难点: 变量延迟(自上而下,逐条(简单语句、复合语句(for、if 语句块只算一条))执行,而非逐行执行)
http://blog.csdn.net/icebergsnowfox/article/details/8047613
http://cndos.fam.cx/forum/
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