本篇内容介绍了“s3cmd数据操作怎么实现”的有关知识，在实际案例的操作过程中，不少人都会遇到这样的困境，接下来就让小编带领大家学习一下如何处理这些情况吧！希望大家仔细阅读，能够学有所成！
操作流程:
1.客户端完成文件切片，之后向API server提交上传操作请求，生成对应的presign URL（步骤1和2，如果想控制客户端上传数量，可以在这个阶段生成指定数量的token）
2.使用生成的presign URL构造HTTP请求，向S3服务上传数据。（步骤3）
3.客户端完成所有分块上传以后，向API server提交Complete请求，之后再由API server向S3服务发送complete请求（步骤4和5）
4.客户端获取到API server的返回，完成最后的操作。（可以考虑在这里回收token）
优点:
1. accesskey和secretkey不会存储在客户端，避免key泄露
2. 每个presignURL对应一个keyname，在有效时间内可以任意上传和覆盖已有文件，比较灵活。
3. 服务端可以结合各种Auth系统完成客户端的认证和授权，方便集成现有业务。
4. 客户端上传下载方式灵活，拿到presignURL以后，可以通过任意支持HTTP协议的客户端进行上传下载操作。
5. 适合大文件上传，对比之介绍的Presign方式，在数据上传阶段支持并发上传，上传效率有非常大的提升。
缺点:
1. 上传步骤需要多次交互，流程稍复杂。
2. 受限S3分块上传标准，文件小于5M不适用该方法。
安装服务端依赖
pip install boto pip install flask-restful
服务端demo代码如下：
计算
安全
数据库
网络和加速
企业服务
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import time
import hmac
from hashlib import sha1 as sha
import boto
import boto.s3.connection
import re
py3k = False
try:
from urlparse import urlparse, unquote
from base64 import encodestring
except:
py3k = True
from urllib.parse import urlparse, unquote
from base64 import encodebytes as encodestring
from flask import Flask, request
from flask_restful import Api, Resource
app = Flask(__name__)
api = Api(app)
from boto.s3.multipart import MultiPartUpload
class MultiPartUpload_Presign(MultiPartUpload):
def __init__(self,id,bucket,key_name):
MultiPartUpload.__init__(self)
self.id = id
self.bucket = bucket
self.key_name = key_name
def complete_upload(self):
xml = self.to_xml()
return self.bucket.complete_multipart_upload(self.key_name,
self.id, xml)
class S3PreSign():
def __init__(self, object_name,metadata=None, policy=None):
self.service_url = 's3.ceph.work' #填S3服务的endpoint
self.access_key = '' #access key
self.secret_key = '' #secret key
self.bucket_name = 'multi-upload' #bucket名称
self.object_name = str(object_name)
# self.Expires = int(time.time()) + int(expires)
conn = boto.connect_s3(
aws_access_key_id = self.access_key,
aws_secret_access_key = self.secret_key,
host = self.service_url,
port = 80,
is_secure=False, # uncommmnt if you are not using ssl
# calling_format = boto.s3.connection.OrdinaryCallingFormat(),
calling_format = boto.s3.connection.SubdomainCallingFormat(),
)
self.bucket = conn.get_bucket(self.bucket_name)
self.upload_ID = self.Make_uploadID(self.object_name ,metadata=metadata, policy=policy)
def Make_uploadID(self,object_name,metadata=None,policy=None):
mpu = self.bucket.initiate_multipart_upload(object_name, metadata=metadata, policy=policy)
return mpu.id
def complete_upload(self,upload_ID):
mpu = MultiPartUpload_Presign(id=upload_ID, bucket=self.bucket, key_name=self.object_name)
status_ = 200
try:
mpu.complete_upload()
except:
status_ = 422
finally:
return status_
def get_signature_str(self, sign_str):
if py3k:
key = self.secret_key.encode('utf-8')
msg = sign_str.encode('utf-8')
else:
key = self.secret_key
msg = sign_str
h = hmac.new(key, msg, digestmod=sha)
return (encodestring(h.digest()).strip()).replace('+', '%2b')
def build_url(self, expires,partNumber, Signature):
url_ = "http://{bucket_name}.{service_url}/{object_name}?uploadId={uploadId}&partNumber={partNumber}&Expires={Expires}&AWSAccessKeyId={AWSAccessKeyId}&Signature={Signature}".format(
bucket_name=self.bucket_name,
service_url=self.service_url,
object_name=self.object_name,
uploadId=self.upload_ID,
partNumber=partNumber,
Expires= expires,
AWSAccessKeyId=self.access_key,
Signature=Signature
)
return url_
def build_url_with_partid(self,expires, partNumber, partMd5 ):
sign_str = "PUT\n{partMd5}\n\n{Expires}\n/{bucket_name}/{object_name}?partNumber={partNumber}&uploadId={uploadId}".format(
partMd5=partMd5,
Expires=expires,
bucket_name=self.bucket_name,
object_name=self.object_name,
partNumber=partNumber,
uploadId=self.upload_ID)
Signature_ = self.get_signature_str(sign_str)
return self.build_url(expires, partNumber, Signature_)
class MultiPart_List(Resource):
def post(self):
PartNumber_ = {}
metadata = {}
policy = None
# print request.form['keyname']
if 'keyname' in request.form:
keyname = request.form['keyname']
else:
return "no key", 400
if 'expires' in request.form:
expires = request.form['expires']
else:
return "no expires", 400
if 'contenttype' in request.form:
metadata['Content-Type'] = str(request.form['contenttype'])
if 'x-amz-acl' in request.form:
policy = str(request.form['x-amz-acl'])
for part_ in request.form:
if re.match(r'^\d{1,}$',part_):
# print part_
PartNumber_[part_] = request.form[part_]
meatadata_rule = 'x-amz-meta-'
if re.match(meatadata_rule, part_):
# print part_
metadata[part_.split(meatadata_rule)[1]] = str(request.form[part_])
print metadata,policy,keyname,expires
s3client = S3PreSign(keyname)
result = {}
result['UploadID'] = s3client.upload_ID
expires = int(time.time()) + int(expires)
for p_ in PartNumber_:
result[p_] = s3client.build_url_with_partid(expires,p_,PartNumber_[p_])
return result, 201
class Complete_MultiPart(Resource):
def post(self):
if 'keyname' in request.form:
keyname = request.form['keyname']
else:
return "no key", 400
if 'uploadid' in request.form:
uploadid = request.form['uploadid']
else:
return "no UploadID", 400
s3client = S3PreSign(keyname)
result = s3client.complete_upload(uploadid)
return {"status_code":result}, result
api.add_resource(MultiPart_List, '/presign')
api.add_resource(Complete_MultiPart, '/complete')
if __name__ == '__main__':
app.run(debug=True)安装客户端依赖
pip install requests
客户端demo代码如下：
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import requests
from base64 import encodestring
from hashlib import md5
import os
import json
from multiprocessing import Pool
def multipart_upload_with_part(url_, part_file_path, partMD5):
headers = {}
headers["Content-MD5"] = partMD5
with open(part_file_path,'r') as fh:
response = requests.put(url_, headers=headers, data=fh.read())
if response.status_code == 200:
print "{} upload Sucessful !".format(part_file_path)
class S3client():
def __init__(self, key_name, expires,part_num, uploadfile_path, policy=None, contenttype=None, metadata=None ,processes_num=2):
self.multipart_data = {}
if key_name:
self.multipart_data['keyname'] = key_name
if expires:
self.multipart_data['expires'] = expires
if policy:
self.multipart_data['x-amz-acl'] = policy
if contenttype:
self.multipart_data['contenttype'] = contenttype
if metadata:
for k in metadata:
self.multipart_data[k] = metadata[k]
self.part_num = part_num
self.processes_num = processes_num
self.uploadfile_path = uploadfile_path
self.server = 'http://localhost:5000/' #这里填你API服务器地址
self.upload_file_list_ = {}
def split_file(self):
filelist = []
statinfo = os.stat(self.uploadfile_path)
chunksize = statinfo.st_size / self.part_num
print "File size: %d(MB)" % (statinfo.st_size / (1024 * 1024))
print self.uploadfile_path,chunksize
with open(self.uploadfile_path, "rb") as f:
index = 1
while True:
chunk = f.read(chunksize)
if (chunk):
fn = "%s.part.%d" % (self.uploadfile_path, index)
# print "creating", fn
with open(fn, "wb") as fw:
fw.write(chunk)
partMD5 = self.compute_hash(fn)
tmp_ = {}
tmp_[fn] = str(partMD5)
filelist.append(tmp_)
index = index + 1
else:
break
return filelist
def compute_hash(self, filepath, buf_size=8192, size=None, hash_algorithm=md5):
hash_obj = hash_algorithm()
with open(filepath) as fp:
spos = fp.tell()
if size and size < buf_size:
s = fp.read(size)
else:
s = fp.read(buf_size)
while s:
if not isinstance(s, bytes):
s = s.encode('utf-8')
hash_obj.update(s)
if size:
size -= len(s)
if size <= 0:
break
if size and size < buf_size:
s = fp.read(size)
else:
s = fp.read(buf_size)
base64_digest = encodestring(hash_obj.digest()).decode('utf-8')
if base64_digest[-1] == '\n':
base64_digest = base64_digest[0:-1]
return base64_digest
def make_upload_list(self):
upload_file_list = self.split_file()
for f in upload_file_list:
part_path = f.keys()[0]
partMD5 = f.values()[0]
# partnum_ = f.keys()[0].split(".")[-1]
yield {part_path:partMD5}
def get_multipart_presignurl(self):
upload_file_list = self.make_upload_list()
for i in upload_file_list:
self.multipart_data[i.keys()[0].split(".")[-1]] = i.values()[0]
self.upload_file_list_[i.keys()[0].split(".")[-1]] = {i.keys()[0]:i.values()[0]}
url_ = self.server + "presign"
r = requests.post(url_, data=self.multipart_data)
allurl_ = json.loads(r.text)
UploadID = allurl_.pop('UploadID')
return UploadID,allurl_
def complete(self,UploadID,key_name):
data = {"uploadid":UploadID,'keyname':key_name}
url_ = self.server + "complete"
r = requests.post(url_, data=data)
if r.status_code == 200:
print "Multipart upload finished!"
else:
print "Multipart upload failed!"
def upload_mulprocess(self,allurl_):
p = Pool(processes=self.processes_num)
for url in allurl_:
partNUm = url
tmp_file = self.upload_file_list_[partNUm]
filepath = tmp_file.keys()[0]
partMD5 = tmp_file.values()[0]
put_url = allurl_[url]
p.apply_async(multipart_upload_with_part, (put_url,filepath,partMD5,))
print 'Waiting for all subprocesses done...'
p.close()
p.join()
if __name__ == "__main__":
key_name = 'abc.json' #上传的object名称
part_num = 6 #文件切分数量
expires = 300 #签名有效时长
file_path = '/tmp/abc.json' #上传文件本地路径
processes_num = 2 #上传并发数
contenttype = 'application/json' #文件的Content-type
policy = 'public-read' #设置object的ACL权限
metadata = {'x-amz-meta-abc':'abcd'} #object的metadata
#第一步:参数初始化
s3client = S3client(key_name,expires,part_num,file_path,policy,contenttype,metadata,2)
#第二步:生成PresignURL
UploadID,upload_file_list = s3client.get_multipart_presignurl()
#第三步:使用生成的PresignURL上传数据
s3client.upload_mulprocess(upload_file_list)
#第四步:提交compelte请求,完成最后的各个分块数据逻辑合并
s3client.complete(UploadID,key_name)“s3cmd数据操作怎么实现”的内容就介绍到这里了，感谢大家的阅读。如果想了解更多行业相关的知识可以关注亿速云网站，小编将为大家输出更多高质量的实用文章！
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原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/diluga/blog/4392244
