一、msf基本命令
1.ping
2.arp_sweep 利用arp请求枚举本地局域网中所有活跃的主机
use auxiliary/scanner/discovery/arp_sweep
3.udp_sweep UDP数据包枚举活跃主机
msf > use auxiliary/scanner/discovery/udp_sweep
二、Nmap进行主机扫描
个人感悟:
不能使用sT扫描参数
略(在我完成nmap综合学习后补全)
TARGET SPECIFICATION: #目标规格
Can pass hostnames, IP addresses, networks, etc. #选取主机名,IP,或者网络
Ex: scanme.nmap.org, microsoft.com/24, 192.168.0.1; 10.0.0-255.1-254
-iL <inputfilename>: Input from list of hosts/networks #导入列表中的目标
-iR <num hosts>: Choose random targets #(利用列表中的主机编号)导出任意目标
--exclude <host1[,host2][,host3],...>: Exclude hosts/networks
--excludefile <exclude_file>: Exclude list from file
HOST DISCOVERY: #活跃主机发掘策略
-sL: List Scan - simply list targets to scan #简单列表扫描策略
-sn: Ping Scan - disable port scan #仅使用ping命令扫描,不进行端口扫描
-Pn: Treat all hosts as online -- skip host discovery #仅扫描出在线主机
#不对主机进一#步扫描
-PS/PA/PU/PY[portlist]: TCP SYN/ACK, UDP or SCTP discovery to given ports
#使用SYSN/ACK/UDP/SCTP技术挖掘端口
-PE/PP/PM: ICMP echo, timestamp, and netmask request discovery probes
#使用ICMP echo .timestamp,netmask 请求作为探针
-PO[protocol list]: IP Protocol Ping #使用ip协议ping指令扫描
-n/-R: Never do DNS resolution/Always resolve [default: sometimes] #选择是否使用DNS解析
--dns-servers <serv1[,serv2],...>: Specify custom DNS servers
--system-dns: Use OS's DNS resolver
--traceroute: Trace hop path to each host #对路由路径进行跟踪
SCAN TECHNIQUES: #扫描策略
-sS/sT/sA/sW/sM: TCP SYN/Connect()/ACK/Window/Maimon scans
-sU: UDP Scan
-sN/sF/sX: TCP Null, FIN, and Xmas scans
--scanflags <flags>: Customize TCP scan flags
-sI <zombie host[:probeport]>: Idle scan #使用僵尸主机地址进行扫描
-sY/sZ: SCTP INIT/COOKIE-ECHO scans 、
-sO: IP protocol scan
-b <FTP relay host>: FTP bounce scan
PORT SPECIFICATION AND SCAN ORDER: #端口扫描策略
-p <port ranges>: Only scan specified ports #扫描特定端口
Ex: -p22; -p1-65535; -p U:53,111,137,T:21-25,80,139,8080,S:9
--exclude-ports <port ranges>: Exclude the specified ports from scanning
-F: Fast mode - Scan fewer ports than the default scan #快速扫描
-r: Scan ports consecutively - don't randomize #连续端口扫描
--top-ports <number>: Scan <number> most common ports
--port-ratio <ratio>: Scan ports more common than <ratio>
SERVICE/VERSION DETECTION:
-sV: Probe open ports to determine service/version info #判断版本信息
--version-intensity <level>: Set from 0 (light) to 9 (try all probes)
--version-light: Limit to most likely probes (intensity 2)
--version-all: Try every single probe (intensity 9)
--version-trace: Show detailed version scan activity (for debugging)
SCRIPT SCAN: #脚本扫描策略
-sC: equivalent to --script=default
--script=<Lua scripts>: <Lua scripts> is a comma separated list of
directories, script-files or script-categories
--script-args=<n1=v1,[n2=v2,...]>: provide arguments to scripts
--script-args-file=filename: provide NSE script args in a file
--script-trace: Show all data sent and received
--script-updatedb: Update the script database.
--script-help=<Lua scripts>: Show help about scripts.
<Lua scripts> is a comma-separated list of script-files or
script-categories.
OS DETECTION: #对系统进行判断
-O: Enable OS detection
--osscan-limit: Limit OS detection to promising targets
--osscan-guess: Guess OS more aggressively
TIMING AND PERFORMANCE: 对扫描间歇时间进行设定
Options which take <time> are in seconds, or append 'ms' (milliseconds),
's' (seconds), 'm' (minutes), or 'h' (hours) to the value (e.g. 30m).
-T<0-5>: Set timing template (higher is faster)
--min-hostgroup/max-hostgroup <size>: Parallel host scan group sizes
--min-parallelism/max-parallelism <numprobes>: Probe parallelization
--min-rtt-timeout/max-rtt-timeout/initial-rtt-timeout <time>: Specifies
probe round trip time.
--max-retries <tries>: Caps number of port scan probe retransmissions.
--host-timeout <time>: Give up on target after this long
--scan-delay/--max-scan-delay <time>: Adjust delay between probes
--min-rate <number>: Send packets no slower than <number> per second
--max-rate <number>: Send packets no faster than <number> per second
FIREWALL/IDS EVASION AND SPOOFING:
-f; --mtu <val>: fragment packets (optionally w/given MTU)
-D <decoy1,decoy2[,ME],...>: Cloak a scan with decoys #使用欺骗地址
-S <IP_Address>: Spoof source address
-e <iface>: Use specified interface #使用特定接口
-g/--source-port <portnum>: Use given port number #使用特定端口进行扫描
--proxies <url1,[url2],...>: Relay connections through HTTP/SOCKS4 proxies
--data <hex string>: Append a custom payload to sent packets
--data-string <string>: Append a custom ASCII string to sent packets
--data-length <num>: Append random data to sent packets
--ip-options <options>: Send packets with specified ip options
--ttl <val>: Set IP time-to-live field
--spoof-mac <mac address/prefix/vendor name>: Spoof your MAC address
--badsum: Send packets with a bogus TCP/UDP/SCTP checksum
OUTPUT: #对扫描结果进行输出
-oN/-oX/-oS/-oG <file>: Output scan in normal, XML, s|<rIpt kIddi3,
and Grepable format, respectively, to the given filename.
-oA <basename>: Output in the three major formats at once
-v: Increase verbosity level (use -vv or more for greater effect)
-d: Increase debugging level (use -dd or more for greater effect)
--reason: Display the reason a port is in a particular state
--open: Only show open (or possibly open) ports #仅显示开放或可能开放端口
--packet-trace: Show all packets sent and received #显示所有发送和接受到的包数据
--iflist: Print host interfaces and routes (for debugging)
--append-output: Append to rather than clobber specified output files
--resume <filename>: Resume an aborted scan
--stylesheet <path/URL>: XSL stylesheet to transform XML output to HTML
--webxml: Reference stylesheet from Nmap.Org for more portable XML
--no-stylesheet: Prevent associating of XSL stylesheet w/XML output
MISC:
-6: Enable IPv6 scanning #使用ipv6扫描策略扫描
-A: Enable OS detection, version detection, script scanning, and traceroute
#确定系统版本,服务版本等信息
--datadir <dirname>: Specify custom Nmap data file location
--send-eth/--send-ip: Send using raw ethernet frames or IP packets
--privileged: Assume that the user is fully privileged
--unprivileged: Assume the user lacks raw socket privileges
-V: Print version number
-h: Print this help summary page.
EXAMPLES:
nmap -v -A scanme.nmap.org
nmap -v -sn 192.168.0.0/16 10.0.0.0/8
nmap -v -iR 10000 -Pn -p 80
SEE THE MAN PAGE (https://nmap.org/book/man.html) FOR MORE OPTIONS AND EXAMPLES
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