如何使用python实现智能五子棋游戏，针对这个问题，这篇文章详细介绍了相对应的分析和解答，希望可以帮助更多想解决这个问题的小伙伴找到更简单易行的方法。
最热门最好玩的Python游戏点击即玩！
今天推荐的游戏是五子棋小游戏——人机对战、联机对战皆可！
你是否还记得？中学时代和同桌下过的五子棋？
这样下棋只怕是会被打！！！！我怀疑他开挂了，并且找到了证据。
首先准备好需要的图片等素材部分如下：
好了！直接上代码吧——设置游戏开始界面：
class gameStartUI(QWidget):
def __init__(self, parent=None, **kwargs):
super(gameStartUI, self).__init__(parent)
self.setFixedSize(760, 650)
self.setWindowTitle('五子棋游戏对战')
self.setWindowIcon(QIcon(cfg.ICON_FILEPATH))
# 背景图片
palette = QPalette()
palette.setBrush(self.backgroundRole(), QBrush(QPixmap(cfg.BACKGROUND_IMAGEPATHS.get('bg_start'))))
self.setPalette(palette)
# 按钮
# --人机对战
self.ai_button = PushButton(cfg.BUTTON_IMAGEPATHS.get('ai'), self)
self.ai_button.move(250, 200)
self.ai_button.show()
self.ai_button.click_signal.connect(self.playWithAI)
# --联机对战
self.online_button = PushButton(cfg.BUTTON_IMAGEPATHS.get('online'), self)
self.online_button.move(250, 350)
self.online_button.show()
self.online_button.click_signal.connect(self.playOnline)
'''人机对战'''
def playWithAI(self):
self.close()
self.gaming_ui = playWithAIUI(cfg)
self.gaming_ui.exit_signal.connect(lambda: sys.exit())
self.gaming_ui.back_signal.connect(self.show)
self.gaming_ui.show()
'''联机对战'''
def playOnline(self):
self.close()
self.gaming_ui = playOnlineUI(cfg, self)
self.gaming_ui.show()
'''run'''
if __name__ == '__main__':
app = QApplication(sys.argv)
handle = gameStartUI()
font = QFont()
font.setPointSize(12)
handle.setFont(font)
handle.show()
sys.exit(app.exec_())效果如下：
一个是五子棋规则设置的人机对战:
import pygame
from ..misc import *
from PyQt5 import QtCore
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from itertools import product
from .aiGobang import aiGobang
'''人机对战'''
class playWithAIUI(QWidget):
back_signal = pyqtSignal()
exit_signal = pyqtSignal()
send_back_signal = False
def __init__(self, cfg, parent=None, **kwargs):
super(playWithAIUI, self).__init__(parent)
self.cfg = cfg
self.setFixedSize(760, 650)
self.setWindowTitle('五子棋人机对战')
self.setWindowIcon(QIcon(cfg.ICON_FILEPATH))
# 背景图片
palette = QPalette()
palette.setBrush(self.backgroundRole(), QBrush(QPixmap(cfg.BACKGROUND_IMAGEPATHS.get('bg_game'))))
self.setPalette(palette)
# 按钮
self.home_button = PushButton(cfg.BUTTON_IMAGEPATHS.get('home'), self)
self.home_button.click_signal.connect(self.goHome)
self.home_button.move(680, 10)
self.startgame_button = PushButton(cfg.BUTTON_IMAGEPATHS.get('startgame'), self)
self.startgame_button.click_signal.connect(self.startgame)
self.startgame_button.move(640, 240)
self.regret_button = PushButton(cfg.BUTTON_IMAGEPATHS.get('regret'), self)
self.regret_button.click_signal.connect(self.regret)
self.regret_button.move(640, 310)
self.givein_button = PushButton(cfg.BUTTON_IMAGEPATHS.get('givein'), self)
self.givein_button.click_signal.connect(self.givein)
self.givein_button.move(640, 380)
# 落子标志
self.chessman_sign = QLabel(self)
sign = QPixmap(cfg.CHESSMAN_IMAGEPATHS.get('sign'))
self.chessman_sign.setPixmap(sign)
self.chessman_sign.setFixedSize(sign.size())
self.chessman_sign.show()
self.chessman_sign.hide()
# 棋盘(19*19矩阵)
self.chessboard = [[None for i in range(19)] for _ in range(19)]
# 历史记录(悔棋用)
self.history_record = []
# 是否在游戏中
self.is_gaming = True
# 胜利方
self.winner = None
self.winner_info_label = None
# 颜色分配and目前轮到谁落子
self.player_color = 'white'
self.ai_color = 'black'
self.whoseround = self.player_color
# 实例化ai
self.ai_player = aiGobang(self.ai_color, self.player_color)
# 落子声音加载
pygame.mixer.init()
self.drop_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(cfg.SOUNDS_PATHS.get('drop'))
'''鼠标左键点击事件-玩家回合'''
def mousePressEvent(self, event):
if (event.buttons() != QtCore.Qt.LeftButton) or (self.winner is not None) or (self.whoseround != self.player_color) or (not self.is_gaming):
return
# 保证只在棋盘范围内响应
if event.x() >= 50 and event.x() <= 50 + 30 * 18 + 14 and event.y() >= 50 and event.y() <= 50 + 30 * 18 + 14:
pos = Pixel2Chesspos(event)
# 保证落子的地方本来没有人落子
if self.chessboard[pos[0]][pos[1]]:
return
# 实例化一个棋子并显示
c = Chessman(self.cfg.CHESSMAN_IMAGEPATHS.get(self.whoseround), self)
c.move(event.pos())
c.show()
self.chessboard[pos[0]][pos[1]] = c
# 落子声音响起
self.drop_sound.play()
# 最后落子位置标志对落子位置进行跟随
self.chessman_sign.show()
self.chessman_sign.move(c.pos())
self.chessman_sign.raise_()
# 记录这次落子
self.history_record.append([*pos, self.whoseround])
# 是否胜利了
self.winner = checkWin(self.chessboard)
if self.winner:
self.showGameEndInfo()
return
# 切换回合方(其实就是改颜色)
self.nextRound()
'''鼠标左键释放操作-调用电脑回合'''
def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event):
if (self.winner is not None) or (self.whoseround != self.ai_color) or (not self.is_gaming):
return
self.aiAct()
'''电脑自动下-AI回合'''
def aiAct(self):
if (self.winner is not None) or (self.whoseround == self.player_color) or (not self.is_gaming):
return
next_pos = self.ai_player.act(self.history_record)
# 实例化一个棋子并显示
c = Chessman(self.cfg.CHESSMAN_IMAGEPATHS.get(self.whoseround), self)
c.move(QPoint(*Chesspos2Pixel(next_pos)))
c.show()
self.chessboard[next_pos[0]][next_pos[1]] = c
# 落子声音响起
self.drop_sound.play()
# 最后落子位置标志对落子位置进行跟随
self.chessman_sign.show()
self.chessman_sign.move(c.pos())
self.chessman_sign.raise_()
# 记录这次落子
self.history_record.append([*next_pos, self.whoseround])
# 是否胜利了
self.winner = checkWin(self.chessboard)
if self.winner:
self.showGameEndInfo()
return
# 切换回合方(其实就是改颜色)
self.nextRound()
'''改变落子方'''
def nextRound(self):
self.whoseround = self.player_color if self.whoseround == self.ai_color else self.ai_color
'''显示游戏结束结果'''
def showGameEndInfo(self):
self.is_gaming = False
info_img = QPixmap(self.cfg.WIN_IMAGEPATHS.get(self.winner))
self.winner_info_label = QLabel(self)
self.winner_info_label.setPixmap(info_img)
self.winner_info_label.resize(info_img.size())
self.winner_info_label.move(50, 50)
self.winner_info_label.show()
'''认输'''
def givein(self):
if self.is_gaming and (self.winner is None) and (self.whoseround == self.player_color):
self.winner = self.ai_color
self.showGameEndInfo()
'''悔棋-只有我方回合的时候可以悔棋'''
def regret(self):
if (self.winner is not None) or (len(self.history_record) == 0) or (not self.is_gaming) and (self.whoseround != self.player_color):
return
for _ in range(2):
pre_round = self.history_record.pop(-1)
self.chessboard[pre_round[0]][pre_round[1]].close()
self.chessboard[pre_round[0]][pre_round[1]] = None
self.chessman_sign.hide()
'''开始游戏-之前的对弈必须已经结束才行'''
def startgame(self):
if self.is_gaming:
return
self.is_gaming = True
self.whoseround = self.player_color
for i, j in product(range(19), range(19)):
if self.chessboard[i][j]:
self.chessboard[i][j].close()
self.chessboard[i][j] = None
self.winner = None
self.winner_info_label.close()
self.winner_info_label = None
self.history_record.clear()
self.chessman_sign.hide()
'''关闭窗口事件'''
def closeEvent(self, event):
if not self.send_back_signal:
self.exit_signal.emit()
'''返回游戏主页面'''
def goHome(self):
self.send_back_signal = True
self.close()
self.back_signal.emit()如下：害！我这下了很久呢，有几次都没下赢人机！2333游戏废材
另一个定义联机对战：
import sys
import random
from .server import *
from .client import *
from PyQt5.QtGui import *
from PyQt5.QtCore import *
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
'''联机对战'''
class playOnlineUI(QWidget):
def __init__(self, cfg, home_ui, parent=None, **kwargs):
super(playOnlineUI, self).__init__(parent)
self.cfg = cfg
self.home_ui = home_ui
self.setWindowTitle('联机对战')
self.setWindowIcon(QIcon(cfg.ICON_FILEPATH))
self.setFixedSize(300, 200)
# 昵称
self.nickname = random.choice(['杰尼龟', '皮卡丘', '小火龙', '小锯鳄', '妙蛙种子', '菊草叶'])
self.layout0 = QHBoxLayout()
self.nickname_label = QLabel('游戏昵称:', self)
self.nickname_edit = QLineEdit(self)
self.nickname_edit.setText(self.nickname)
self.layout0.addWidget(self.nickname_label, 1)
self.layout0.addWidget(self.nickname_edit, 3)
# IP
self.target_ip = '127.0.0.1'
self.layout1 = QHBoxLayout()
self.ip_label = QLabel('对方IP:', self)
self.ip_edit = QLineEdit(self)
self.ip_edit.setText(self.target_ip)
self.layout1.addWidget(self.ip_label, 1)
self.layout1.addWidget(self.ip_edit, 3)
# 按钮
self.layout2 = QHBoxLayout()
self.connect_button = QPushButton('作为客户端', self)
self.connect_button.clicked.connect(self.becomeClient)
self.ashost_button = QPushButton('作为服务器', self)
self.ashost_button.clicked.connect(self.becomeHost)
self.layout2.addWidget(self.connect_button)
self.layout2.addWidget(self.ashost_button)
# 布局
self.layout = QVBoxLayout()
self.layout.addLayout(self.layout0)
self.layout.addLayout(self.layout1)
self.layout.addLayout(self.layout2)
self.setLayout(self.layout)
'''作为客户端'''
def becomeClient(self):
self.close()
self.nickname = self.nickname_edit.text()
self.target_ip = self.ip_edit.text()
self.client_ui = gobangClient(cfg=self.cfg, nickname=self.nickname, server_ip=self.target_ip)
self.client_ui.exit_signal.connect(lambda: sys.exit())
self.client_ui.back_signal.connect(self.home_ui.show)
self.client_ui.show()
'''作为服务器'''
def becomeHost(self):
self.close()
self.nickname = self.nickname_edit.text()
self.server_ui = gobangSever(cfg=self.cfg, nickname=self.nickname)
self.server_ui.exit_signal.connect(lambda: sys.exit())
self.server_ui.back_signal.connect(self.home_ui.show)
self.server_ui.show()如下联机对战界面第一步：
定义五子棋AI算法：
import random from itertools import product '''五子棋AI算法''' class aiGobang(): def __init__(self, ai_color, player_color, search_depth=1, **kwargs): assert search_depth % 2, 'search_depth must be odd number' self.ai_color = ai_color self.player_color = player_color self.search_depth = search_depth self.score_model = [(50, (0, 1, 1, 0, 0)), (50, (0, 0, 1, 1, 0)), (200, (1, 1, 0, 1, 0)), (500, (0, 0, 1, 1, 1)), (500, (1, 1, 1, 0, 0)), (5000, (0, 1, 1, 1, 0)), (5000, (0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0)), (5000, (0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0)), (5000, (1, 1, 1, 0, 1)), (5000, (1, 1, 0, 1, 1)), (5000, (1, 0, 1, 1, 1)), (5000, (1, 1, 1, 1, 0)), (5000, (0, 1, 1, 1, 1)), (50000, (0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0)), (99999999, (1, 1, 1, 1, 1))] self.alpha = -99999999 self.beta = 99999999 self.all_list = [(i, j) for i, j in product(range(19), range(19))] '''外部调用''' def act(self, history_record): self.ai_list = [] self.player_list = [] self.aiplayer_list = [] for item in history_record: self.aiplayer_list.append((item[0], item[1])) if item[-1] == self.ai_color: self.ai_list.append((item[0], item[1])) elif item[-1] == self.player_color: self.player_list.append((item[0], item[1])) while True: self.next_point = random.choice(range(19)), random.choice(range(19)) if self.next_point not in self.aiplayer_list: break self.__doSearch(True, self.search_depth, self.alpha, self.beta) return self.next_point '''负极大值搜索, alpha+beta剪枝''' def __doSearch(self, is_ai_round, depth, alpha, beta): if self.__isgameover(self.ai_list) or self.__isgameover(self.player_list) or depth == 0: return self.__evaluation(is_ai_round) blank_list = list(set(self.all_list).difference(set(self.aiplayer_list))) blank_list = self.__rearrange(blank_list) for next_step in blank_list: if not self.__hasNeighbor(next_step): continue if is_ai_round: self.ai_list.append(next_step) else: self.player_list.append(next_step) self.aiplayer_list.append(next_step) value = -self.__doSearch(not is_ai_round, depth-1, -beta, -alpha) if is_ai_round: self.ai_list.remove(next_step) else: self.player_list.remove(next_step) self.aiplayer_list.remove(next_step) if value > alpha: if depth == self.search_depth: self.next_point = next_step if value >= beta: return beta alpha = value return alpha '''游戏是否结束了''' def __isgameover(self, oneslist): for i, j in product(range(19), range(19)): if i < 15 and (i, j) in oneslist and (i+1, j) in oneslist and (i+2, j) in oneslist and (i+3, j) in oneslist and (i+4, j) in oneslist: return True elif j < 15 and (i, j) in oneslist and (i, j+1) in oneslist and (i, j+2) in oneslist and (i, j+3) in oneslist and (i, j+4) in oneslist: return True elif i < 15 and j < 15 and (i, j) in oneslist and (i+1, j+1) in oneslist and (i+2, j+2) in oneslist and (i+3, j+3) in oneslist and (i+4, j+4) in oneslist: return True elif i > 3 and j < 15 and (i, j) in oneslist and (i-1, j+1) in oneslist and (i-2, j+2) in oneslist and (i-3, j+3) in oneslist and (i-4, j+4) in oneslist: return True return False '''重新排列未落子位置''' def __rearrange(self, blank_list): last_step = self.aiplayer_list[-1] for item in blank_list: for i, j in product(range(-1, 2), range(-1, 2)): if i == 0 and j == 0: continue next_step = (last_step[0]+i, last_step[1]+j) if next_step in blank_list: blank_list.remove(next_step) blank_list.insert(0, next_step) return blank_list '''是否存在近邻''' def __hasNeighbor(self, next_step): for i, j in product(range(-1, 2), range(-1, 2)): if i == 0 and j == 0: continue if (next_step[0]+i, next_step[1]+j) in self.aiplayer_list: return True return False '''计算得分''' def __calcScore(self, i, j, x_direction, y_direction, list1, list2, all_scores): add_score = 0 max_score = (0, None) for each in all_scores: for item in each[1]: if i == item[0] and j == item[1] and x_direction == each[2][0] and y_direction == each[2][1]: return 0, all_scores for noffset in range(-5, 1): position = [] for poffset in range(6): x, y = i + (poffset + noffset) * x_direction, j + (poffset + noffset) * y_direction if (x, y) in list2: position.append(2) elif (x, y) in list1: position.append(1) else: position.append(0) shape_len5 = tuple(position[0: -1]) shape_len6 = tuple(position) for score, shape in self.score_model: if shape_len5 == shape or shape_len6 == shape: if score > max_score[0]: max_score = (score, ((i + (0 + noffset) * x_direction, j + (0 + noffset) * y_direction), (i + (1 + noffset) * x_direction, j + (1 + noffset) * y_direction), (i + (2 + noffset) * x_direction, j + (2 + noffset) * y_direction), (i + (3 + noffset) * x_direction, j + (3 + noffset) * y_direction), (i + (4 + noffset) * x_direction, j + (4 + noffset) * y_direction)), (x_direction, y_direction)) if max_score[1] is not None: for each in all_scores: for p1 in each[1]: for p2 in max_score[1]: if p1 == p2 and max_score[0] > 10 and each[0] > 10: add_score += max_score[0] + each[0] all_scores.append(max_score) return add_score+max_score[0], all_scores '''评估函数''' def __evaluation(self, is_ai_round): if is_ai_round: list1 = self.ai_list list2 = self.player_list else: list2 = self.ai_list list1 = self.player_list active_all_scores = [] active_score = 0 for item in list1: score, active_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], 0, 1, list1, list2, active_all_scores) active_score += score score, active_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], 1, 0, list1, list2, active_all_scores) active_score += score score, active_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], 1, 1, list1, list2, active_all_scores) active_score += score score, active_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], -1, 1, list1, list2, active_all_scores) active_score += score passive_all_scores = [] passive_score = 0 for item in list2: score, passive_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], 0, 1, list2, list1, passive_all_scores) passive_score += score score, passive_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], 1, 0, list2, list1, passive_all_scores) passive_score += score score, passive_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], 1, 1, list2, list1, passive_all_scores) passive_score += score score, passive_all_scores = self.__calcScore(item[0], item[1], -1, 1, list2, list1, passive_all_scores) passive_score += score total_score = active_score - passive_score * 0.1 return total_score
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