这篇文章主要介绍了Linux常用命令dmidecode怎么用，具有一定借鉴价值，感兴趣的朋友可以参考下，希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后大有收获，下面让小编带着大家一起了解一下。
dmidecode [选项]
-d：(default:/dev/mem)从设备文件读取信息，输出内容与不加参数标准输出相同。 -h：显示帮助信息。 -s：只显示指定DMI字符串的信息。(string) -t：只显示指定条目的信息。(type) -u：显示未解码的原始条目内容。 --dump-bin file：将DMI数据转储到一个二进制文件中。 --from-dump FILE：从一个二进制文件读取DMI数据。 -V：显示版本信息。
第一、dmidecode查看主板信息
dmidecode -t 2 = dmidecode -t baseboard
[root@mysql ~]#dmidecode -t 2 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0002, DMI type 2, 15 bytes Base Board Information Manufacturer: ASUSTeK Computer INC. Product Name: Z8NR-D12 Version: Rev 1.xxG Serial Number: 120902356500037 Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Features: Board is a hosting board Board is replaceable Location In Chassis: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Chassis Handle: 0x0003 Type: Motherboard Contained Object Handles: 0
第二、使用dmidecode查询内存(RAM)信息
dmidecode -t 16
首先，可以通过以下命令查询机器最大支持的内存总量
[root@mysql ~]#dmidecode -t 16 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0036, DMI type 16, 15 bytes Physical Memory Array Location: System Board Or Motherboard Use: System Memory Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC Maximum Capacity: 96 GB Error Information Handle: Not Provided Number Of Devices: 12
这里可以查看到当前服务器允许扩容的最大内存大小，从以上输出可知，该机器理论上支持的最大内存为96G。
然后使用以下命令查询机器可用的内存：
grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo MemTotal: 32869848 kB
可以看到机器可用的内存为32G，也即我们可以再扩64G内存。
第三、查看当前内存数和插槽数
dmidecode|grep -P -A5 “Memory Device” |grep Size
[root@mysql ~]#dmidecode|grep -P -A5 "Memory Device" |grep Size Size: 16384 MB Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: 16384 MB Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 4032 GB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB Size: No Module Installed Range Size: 1 kB
[root@mysql ~]# dmidecode|grep -P -A5 "Memory\s+Device"|grep Size|grep -v Range Size: 16384 MB Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: 16384 MB Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed Size: No Module Installed
第四、查看内存条数
但是在用的32G内存是怎么组成的？是1条32G内存？是2条16G内存？
我们可以通过以下命令进行查询：
dmidecode -t 17
No Module Installed 代表没有插内存条的槽
[root@mysql ~]# dmidecode -t 17 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0038, DMI type 17, 27 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0036 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: 79 bits Size: 16384 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM_A1 Bank Locator: BANK0 Type: DDR3 Type Detail: None Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: Manufacturer00 Serial Number: D8CC0900 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum0 Part Number: TS2GKR72V3H Handle 0x0044, DMI type 17, 27 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0036 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: 79 bits Size: 16384 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM_D1 Bank Locator: BANK2 Type: DDR3 Type Detail: None Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: Manufacturer02 Serial Number: D8CC0900 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum6 Part Number: TS2GKR72V3H Handle 0x004E, DMI type 17, 27 bytes Memory Device Array Handle: 0x0036 Error Information Handle: Not Provided Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: Unknown Size: No Module Installed Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM_F2 Bank Locator: BANK3 Type: DDR3 Type Detail: None Speed: Unknown Manufacturer: Manufacturer03 Serial Number: SerNum11 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum11 Part Number: ModulePartNumber11
从红色部分，我们可以看到当前服务器是32GB内存，然后看到上面数据，可以知道该机器插了2根16G内存条
第五、查看物理CPU信息
dmidecode -t 4
[root@mysql ~]# dmidecode -t 4 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0004, DMI type 4, 40 bytes Processor Information Socket Designation: CPU 1 Type: Central Processor Family: Xeon Manufacturer: Intel ID: C2 06 02 00 FF FB EB BF Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 44, Stepping 2 Flags: FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip) VME (Virtual mode extension) DE (Debugging extension) PSE (Page size extension) TSC (Time stamp counter) MSR (Model specific registers) PAE (Physical address extension) MCE (Machine check exception) CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported) APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported) SEP (Fast system call) MTRR (Memory type range registers) PGE (Page global enable) MCA (Machine check architecture) CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported) PAT (Page attribute table) PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension) CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported) DS (Debug store) ACPI (ACPI supported) MMX (MMX technology supported) FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported) SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions) SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2) SS (Self-snoop) HTT (Multi-threading) TM (Thermal monitor supported) PBE (Pending break enabled) Version: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5620 @ 2.40GHz Voltage: 1.2 V External Clock: 133 MHz Max Speed: 3600 MHz Current Speed: 2400 MHz Status: Populated, Enabled Upgrade: Socket LGA1366 L1 Cache Handle: 0x0005 L2 Cache Handle: 0x0006 L3 Cache Handle: 0x0007 Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Part Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Core Count: 4 Core Enabled: 4 Thread Count: 8 Characteristics: 64-bit capable Handle 0x0008, DMI type 4, 40 bytes Processor Information Socket Designation: CPU 2 Type: Central Processor Family: Xeon Manufacturer: Intel ID: C2 06 02 00 FF FB EB BF Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 44, Stepping 2 Flags: FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip) VME (Virtual mode extension) DE (Debugging extension) PSE (Page size extension) TSC (Time stamp counter) MSR (Model specific registers) PAE (Physical address extension) MCE (Machine check exception) CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported) APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported) SEP (Fast system call) MTRR (Memory type range registers) PGE (Page global enable) MCA (Machine check architecture) CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported) PAT (Page attribute table) PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension) CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported) DS (Debug store) ACPI (ACPI supported) MMX (MMX technology supported) FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported) SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions) SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2) SS (Self-snoop) HTT (Multi-threading) TM (Thermal monitor supported) PBE (Pending break enabled) Version: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5620 @ 2.40GHz Voltage: 1.2 V External Clock: 133 MHz Max Speed: 3600 MHz Current Speed: 2400 MHz Status: Populated, Enabled Upgrade: Socket LGA1366 L1 Cache Handle: 0x0009 L2 Cache Handle: 0x000A L3 Cache Handle: 0x000B Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Part Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Core Count: 4 Core Enabled: 4 Thread Count: 8 Characteristics: 64-bit capable
也可以用cat /proc/cpuinfo命令查看CPU信息。
第六、查看服务器硬盘信息
cat /proc/scsi/scsi
[root@mysql ~]# cat /proc/scsi/scsi Attached devices: Host: scsi0 Channel: 01 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: LSI Model: Logical Volume Rev: 3000 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 06 Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: SEAGATE Model: ST3300657SS Rev: 0008 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05 Host: scsi0 Channel: 00 Id: 01 Lun: 00 Vendor: SEAGATE Model: ST3300657SS Rev: 0008 Type: Direct-Access ANSI SCSI revision: 05 Host: scsi4 Channel: 00 Id: 00 Lun: 00 Vendor: TSSTcorp Model: CDDVDW SN-208BB Rev: AS01 Type: CD-ROM ANSI SCSI revision: 05
第七、dmidecode查看内存速率
dmidecode|grep -A16 “Memory Device”|grep ‘Speed’
没插就是unknown。
[root@mysql ~]# dmidecode|grep -A16 "Memory Device"|grep 'Speed' Speed: 1333 MHz Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: 1333 MHz Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown Speed: Unknown
第八、查看系统相关的硬件信息 dmidecode -t 1 = dmidecode -t system
dmidecode -t 1 # dmidecode 2.12 SMBIOS 2.5 present. Handle 0x0001, DMI type 1, 27 bytes System Information Manufacturer: System manufacturer Product Name: System Product Name Version: System Version Serial Number: System Serial Number UUID: 00797DF5-8DFE-D511-A89C-3085A9A895F8 Wake-up Type: Power Switch SKU Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Family: To Be Filled By O.E.M.
另外也可通过/proc查询CPU相关信息。
查询物理CPU个数：
[root@mysql ~]#cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep 'physical id'|sort|uniq|wc -l 2
查询CPU核数：
[root@mysql ~]#cat /proc/cpuinfo |grep 'core id'|wc -l 16
dmidecode -q //BIOS相关的硬件信息 BIOS Information Vendor: American Megatrends Inc. Version: 1501 Release Date: 10/25/2011 Address: 0xF0000 Runtime Size: 64 kB ROM Size: 2048 kB Characteristics: ISA is supported PCI is supported PNP is supported APM is supported BIOS is upgradeable BIOS shadowing is allowed ESCD support is available Boot from CD is supported Selectable boot is supported BIOS ROM is socketed EDD is supported 5.25"/1.2 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h) 3.5"/720 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h) 3.5"/2.88 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h) Print screen service is supported (int 5h) 8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h) Serial services are supported (int 14h) Printer services are supported (int 17h) CGA/mono video services are supported (int 10h) ACPI is supported USB legacy is supported LS-120 boot is supported ATAPI Zip drive boot is supported BIOS boot specification is supported Targeted content distribution is supported BIOS Revision: 8.15 //系统相关的硬件信息 System Information Manufacturer: System manufacturer # 厂商 Product Name: System Product Name # 服务器型号 Version: System Version # 版本号 Serial Number: System Serial Number # 主板序列号 UUID: 00797DF5-8DFE-D511-A89C-3085A9A895F8 # UUID Wake-up Type: Power Switch SKU Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Family: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Base Board Information Manufacturer: ASUSTeK Computer INC. Product Name: Z8NR-D12 Version: Rev 1.xxG Serial Number: 120902356500037 Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Features: Board is a hosting board Board is replaceable Location In Chassis: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Type: Motherboard //机箱相关的硬件信息 Chassis Information Manufacturer: Chassis Manufacture Type: Desktop Lock: Not Present Version: Chassis Version Serial Number: Chassis Serial Number Asset Tag: Asset-1234567890 Boot-up State: Safe Power Supply State: Safe Thermal State: Safe Security Status: None OEM Information: 0x00000001 Height: Unspecified Number Of Power Cords: 1 Contained Elements: 0 //处理器相关的硬件信息 Processor Information Socket Designation: CPU 1 Type: Central Processor Family: Xeon Manufacturer: Intel ID: C2 06 02 00 FF FB EB BF Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 44, Stepping 2 Flags: FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip) VME (Virtual mode extension) DE (Debugging extension) PSE (Page size extension) TSC (Time stamp counter) MSR (Model specific registers) PAE (Physical address extension) MCE (Machine check exception) CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported) APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported) SEP (Fast system call) MTRR (Memory type range registers) PGE (Page global enable) MCA (Machine check architecture) CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported) PAT (Page attribute table) PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension) CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported) DS (Debug store) ACPI (ACPI supported) MMX (MMX technology supported) FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported) SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions) SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2) SS (Self-snoop) HTT (Multi-threading) TM (Thermal monitor supported) PBE (Pending break enabled) Version: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5620 @ 2.40GHz Voltage: 1.2 V External Clock: 133 MHz Max Speed: 3600 MHz Current Speed: 2400 MHz Status: Populated, Enabled Upgrade: Socket LGA1366 Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Part Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Core Count: 4 Core Enabled: 4 Thread Count: 8 Characteristics: 64-bit capable Cache Information Socket Designation: L1-Cache Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 1 Operational Mode: Write Through Location: Internal Installed Size: 256 kB Maximum Size: 256 kB Supported SRAM Types: Other Installed SRAM Type: Other Speed: Unknown Error Correction Type: Parity System Type: Instruction Associativity: 4-way Set-associative Processor Information Socket Designation: CPU 2 Type: Central Processor Family: Xeon Manufacturer: Intel ID: C2 06 02 00 FF FB EB BF Signature: Type 0, Family 6, Model 44, Stepping 2 Flags: FPU (Floating-point unit on-chip) VME (Virtual mode extension) DE (Debugging extension) PSE (Page size extension) TSC (Time stamp counter) MSR (Model specific registers) PAE (Physical address extension) MCE (Machine check exception) CX8 (CMPXCHG8 instruction supported) APIC (On-chip APIC hardware supported) SEP (Fast system call) MTRR (Memory type range registers) PGE (Page global enable) MCA (Machine check architecture) CMOV (Conditional move instruction supported) PAT (Page attribute table) PSE-36 (36-bit page size extension) CLFSH (CLFLUSH instruction supported) DS (Debug store) ACPI (ACPI supported) MMX (MMX technology supported) FXSR (FXSAVE and FXSTOR instructions supported) SSE (Streaming SIMD extensions) SSE2 (Streaming SIMD extensions 2) SS (Self-snoop) HTT (Multi-threading) TM (Thermal monitor supported) PBE (Pending break enabled) Version: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5620 @ 2.40GHz Voltage: 1.2 V External Clock: 133 MHz Max Speed: 3600 MHz Current Speed: 2400 MHz Status: Populated, Enabled Upgrade: Socket LGA1366 Serial Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Asset Tag: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Part Number: To Be Filled By O.E.M. Core Count: 4 Core Enabled: 4 Thread Count: 8 Characteristics: 64-bit capable Cache Information Socket Designation: L1-Cache Configuration: Enabled, Not Socketed, Level 1 Operational Mode: Write Through Location: Internal Installed Size: 256 kB Maximum Size: 256 kB Supported SRAM Types: Other Installed SRAM Type: Other Speed: Unknown Error Correction Type: Parity System Type: Instruction Associativity: 4-way Set-associative Port Connector Information Internal Reference Designator: Null Internal Connector Type: None External Reference Designator: PS2Mouse External Connector Type: PS/2 Port Type: Mouse Port Port Connector Information Internal Reference Designator: Null Internal Connector Type: None External Reference Designator: Keyboard External Connector Type: PS/2 Port Type: Keyboard Port Port Connector Information Internal Reference Designator: Null Internal Connector Type: None External Reference Designator: USB1 External Connector Type: Access Bus (USB) Port Type: USB System Slot Information Designation: PCIE1 Type: x16 PCI Express Current Usage: Available Length: Short ID: 1 Characteristics: 3.3 V is provided Opening is shared PME signal is supported System Slot Information Designation: PCIE2 Type: x4 PCI Express Current Usage: Available Length: Short ID: 2 Characteristics: 3.3 V is provided Opening is shared PME signal is supported On Board Device Information Type: Video Status: Enabled Description: AST2050 OEM Strings String 1: To Be Filled By O.E.M. String 2: To Be Filled By O.E.M. String 3: To Be Filled By O.E.M. String 4: To Be Filled By O.E.M. BIOS Language Information Language Description Format: Abbreviated Installable Languages: 1 en|US|iso8859-1 Currently Installed Language: en|US|iso8859-1 System Event Log Area Length: 1008 bytes Header Start Offset: 0x0810 Data Start Offset: 0x0810 Access Method: Memory-mapped physical 32-bit address Access Address: 0xFFFBC000 Status: Valid, Not Full Change Token: 0x00000000 Header Format: No Header Supported Log Type Descriptors: 11 Descriptor 1: OEM-specific Data Format 1: Multiple-event handle Descriptor 2: OEM-specific Data Format 2: Multiple-event handle Descriptor 3: Single-bit ECC memory error Data Format 3: POST results bitmap Descriptor 4: Multi-bit ECC memory error Data Format 4: POST results bitmap Descriptor 5: Parity memory error Data Format 5: Multiple-event Descriptor 6: I/O channel block Data Format 6: Multiple-event Descriptor 7: POST error Data Format 7: POST results bitmap Descriptor 8: PCI parity error Data Format 8: Multiple-event handle Descriptor 9: PCI system error Data Format 9: Multiple-event handle Descriptor 10: System limit exceeded Data Format 10: Multiple-event system management Descriptor 11: OEM-specific Data Format 11: POST results bitmap //物理内存阵列 Physical Memory Array Location: System Board Or Motherboard Use: System Memory Error Correction Type: Multi-bit ECC Maximum Capacity: 96 GB Number Of Devices: 12 //内存阵列映射地址 Memory Array Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00000000000 Ending Address: 0x000C00003FF Range Size: 3 GB Partition Width: 1 //内存设备 Memory Device Total Width: 72 bits Data Width: 79 bits Size: 16384 MB Form Factor: DIMM Set: None Locator: DIMM_A1 Bank Locator: BANK0 Type: DDR3 Type Detail: None Speed: 1333 MHz Manufacturer: Manufacturer00 Serial Number: D8CC0900 Asset Tag: AssetTagNum0 Part Number: TS2GKR72V3H //内存设备映射地址 Memory Device Mapped Address Starting Address: 0x00000000000 Ending Address: 0x000000003FF Range Size: 1 kB Partition Row Position: 1 Interleave Position: Unknown Interleaved Data Depth: 2 //系统引导 System Boot Information Status: No errors detected IPMI Device Information Interface Type: KCS (Keyboard Control Style) Specification Version: 2.0 I2C Slave Address: 0x10 NV Storage Device Address: 10 Base Address: 0x0000000000000CA2 (I/O) Register Spacing: Successive Byte Boundaries
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