这篇文章主要讲解了“怎么使用golang执行Linux shell命令”，文中的讲解内容简单清晰，易于学习与理解，下面请大家跟着小编的思路慢慢深入，一起来研究和学习“怎么使用golang执行Linux shell命令”吧！
CombinedOutput()
执行程序返回 standard output and standard error
func main() {
cmd := exec.Command("ls", "-lah")
out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed with %s\n", err)
}
fmt.Printf("combined out:\n%s\n", string(out))
}Output()
执行程序返回standard output
func main() {
out, err := exec.Command("date").Output()
if err != nil {
log.Fatal(err)
}
fmt.Printf("The date is %s\n", out)
}用buffer接受输出
func main() {
cmd := exec.Command("ls", "-lah")
var stdin, stdout, stderr bytes.Buffer
cmd.Stdin = &stdin
cmd.Stdout = &stdout
cmd.Stderr = &stderr
err := cmd.Run()
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed with %s\n", err)
}
outStr, errStr := string(stdout.Bytes()), string(stderr.Bytes())
fmt.Printf("out:\n%s\nerr:\n%s\n", outStr, errStr)
}直接打印到屏幕
func main() {
cmd := exec.Command("ls", "-lah")
cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
cmd.Stderr = os.Stdout
err := cmd.Run()
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed with %s\n", err)
}
}cmd.Run() 阻塞等待命令执行结束
cmd.Start() 不会等待命令完成
package main
import (
"bytes"
"fmt"
"io"
"log"
"os"
"os/exec"
)
func main() {
var stdoutBuf, stderrBuf bytes.Buffer
cmd := exec.Command("bash", "-c", "for i in 1 2 3 4;do echo $i;sleep 2;done")
stdoutIn, _ := cmd.StdoutPipe()
stderrIn, _ := cmd.StderrPipe()
var errStdout, errStderr error
stdout := io.MultiWriter(os.Stdout, &stdoutBuf)
stderr := io.MultiWriter(os.Stderr, &stderrBuf)
err := cmd.Start()
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("cmd.Start() failed with '%s'\n", err)
}
go func() {
_, errStdout = io.Copy(stdout, stdoutIn)
}()
go func() {
_, errStderr = io.Copy(stderr, stderrIn)
}()
err = cmd.Wait()
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed with %s\n", err)
}
if errStdout != nil || errStderr != nil {
log.Fatal("failed to capture stdout or stderr\n")
}
outStr, errStr := string(stdoutBuf.Bytes()), string(stderrBuf.Bytes())
fmt.Printf("\nout:\n%s\nerr:\n%s\n", outStr, errStr)
}func main() {
cmd := exec.Command("bash", "-c", "programToExecute")
additionalEnv := "programToExecute=ls"
newEnv := append(os.Environ(), additionalEnv)
cmd.Env = newEnv
out, err := cmd.CombinedOutput()
if err != nil {
log.Fatalf("cmd.Run() failed with %s\n", err)
}
fmt.Printf("%s", out)
}func checkLsExists() {
path, err := exec.LookPath("ls")
if err != nil {
fmt.Printf("didn't find 'ls' executable\n")
} else {
fmt.Printf("'ls' executable is in '%s'\n", path)
}
}func main() {
c1 := exec.Command("ls")
c2 := exec.Command("wc", "-l")
r, w := io.Pipe()
c1.Stdout = w
c2.Stdin = r
var b2 bytes.Buffer
c2.Stdout = &b2
c1.Start()
c2.Start()
c1.Wait()
w.Close()
c2.Wait()
io.Copy(os.Stdout, &b2)
}或者
func main() {
c1 := exec.Command("ls")
c2 := exec.Command("wc", "-l")
c2.Stdin, _ = c1.StdoutPipe()
c2.Stdout = os.Stdout
_ = c2.Start()
_ = c1.Run()
_ = c2.Wait()
}反正下面这样是不行的
func main() {
c := exec.Command("ls", "|", "wc", "-l")
c.Stdout = os.Stdout
_ = c.Run()
}不嫌丑可以用bash -c
func main() {
cmd := "cat /proc/cpuinfo | egrep '^model name' | uniq | awk '{print substr($0, index($0,$4))}'"
out, err := exec.Command("bash", "-c", cmd).Output()
if err != nil {
fmt.Printf("Failed to execute command: %s", cmd)
}
fmt.Println(string(out))
}func main() {
cmd := exec.Command("ls", "-la")
stdout, _ := cmd.StdoutPipe()
cmd.Start()
reader := bufio.NewReader(stdout)
for {
line, err := reader.ReadString('\n')
line = strings.TrimSpace(line)
if err != nil || io.EOF == err {
break
}
log.Println(line)
}
cmd.Wait()
}func RunCommand(name string, args ...string) (stdout string, stderr string, exitCode int) {
log.Println("run command:", name, args)
var outbuf, errbuf bytes.Buffer
cmd := exec.Command(name, args...)
cmd.Stdout = &outbuf
cmd.Stderr = &errbuf
err := cmd.Run()
stdout = outbuf.String()
stderr = errbuf.String()
if err != nil {
// try to get the exit code
if exitError, ok := err.(*exec.ExitError); ok {
ws := exitError.Sys().(syscall.WaitStatus)
exitCode = ws.ExitStatus()
} else {
// This will happen (in OSX) if `name` is not available in $PATH,
// in this situation, exit code could not be get, and stderr will be
// empty string very likely, so we use the default fail code, and format err
// to string and set to stderr
log.Printf("Could not get exit code for failed program: %v, %v", name, args)
exitCode = defaultFailedCode
if stderr == "" {
stderr = err.Error()
}
}
} else {
// success, exitCode should be 0 if go is ok
ws := cmd.ProcessState.Sys().(syscall.WaitStatus)
exitCode = ws.ExitStatus()
}
log.Printf("command result, stdout: %v, stderr: %v, exitCode: %v", stdout, stderr, exitCode)
return
}感谢各位的阅读，以上就是“怎么使用golang执行Linux shell命令”的内容了，经过本文的学习后，相信大家对怎么使用golang执行Linux shell命令这一问题有了更深刻的体会，具体使用情况还需要大家实践验证。这里是亿速云，小编将为大家推送更多相关知识点的文章，欢迎关注！
免责声明：本站发布的内容（图片、视频和文字）以原创、转载和分享为主，文章观点不代表本网站立场，如果涉及侵权请联系站长邮箱：is@yisu.com进行举报，并提供相关证据，一经查实，将立刻删除涉嫌侵权内容。
