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首先我们可以查看系统中某个软件都提供了哪些版本可供安装,这可以利用 apt-cache madison 命令来实现,废话不多说直接看 bash 命令行代码
$ apt-cache madison r-base r-base | 4.0.2-1.1804.0 | https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran40/ Packages r-base | 4.0.1-1.1804.0 | https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran40/ Packages r-base | 4.0.0-1.1804.0 | https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran40/ Packages r-base | 3.6.3-1bionic | https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages r-base | 3.6.2-1bionic | https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages r-base | 3.6.1-3bionic | https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages r-base | 3.6.1-1bionic | https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages r-base | 3.6.0-2bionic | https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages r-base | 3.6.0-1bionic | https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages r-base | 3.5.3-1bionic | https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages r-base | 3.5.2-1bionic | https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages r-base | 3.5.1-2bionic | https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages r-base | 3.5.1-1bionic | https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages r-base | 3.5.0-1bionic | https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages r-base | 3.4.4-1ubuntu1 | http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages r-base | 3.4.4-1ubuntu1 | http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe i386 Packages
也可以使用 apt-cache policy 命令,如
$ apt-cache policy r-base r-base: Installed: (none) Candidate: 4.0.2-1.1804.0 Version table: 4.0.2-1.1804.0 500 500 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran40/ Packages 4.0.1-1.1804.0 500 500 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran40/ Packages 4.0.0-1.1804.0 500 500 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran40/ Packages 3.6.3-1bionic 500 500 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages 3.6.2-1bionic 500 500 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages 3.6.1-3bionic 500 500 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages 3.6.1-1bionic 500 500 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages 3.6.0-2bionic 500 500 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages 3.6.0-1bionic 500 500 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages 3.5.3-1bionic 500 500 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages 3.5.2-1bionic 500 500 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages 3.5.1-2bionic 500 500 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages 3.5.1-1bionic 500 500 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages 3.5.0-1bionic 500 500 https://cloud.r-project.org/bin/linux/ubuntu bionic-cran35/ Packages 3.4.4-1ubuntu1 500 500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe amd64 Packages 500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic/universe i386 Packages
如果查到我们想安装的具体版本号在列表中那就可以使用 apt-get install package=version 进行安装,如
apt-get install r-base=3.6.3-1bionic
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