Cacti和Nagios整合

        Cacti是一套基于PHP,MySQL,SNMP及RRDTool开发的网络流量监测图形分析工具。用来监控网络流量、cpu使用率、内存使用率、硬盘使用率等。可以直观的监控各种数据流量，可以安装扩展插件，同时支持短信邮件告警等功能。

        Nagios是一个监视系统运行状态和网络信息的监视系统。Nagios能监视所指定的本地或远程主机以及服务，提供异常通知功能，同时还可以安装各种模块插件，自定义监控脚本等。

        两者区别：Cacti偏重于网络流量，系统负载方面的监控。而 Nagios偏重于系统服务方面的监控，你可以在被监控的机器上写自己的程序(shell,c 或 perl都可以) 。Nagios则通过这些脚本来对服务进行监控。Nagios可以和短信发送机配合用来监控规模较大的网站。

• 安装扩展yum源
  

[root@www ~]# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
Retrieving http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.1jSHmn: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID 0608b895: NOKEY
Preparing...                ########################################### [100%]
   1:epel-release           ########################################### [100%]
[root@www ~]# ls /etc/yum.repos.d/epel*
/etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo  /etc/yum.repos.d/epel-testing.repo

##########CACTI#########

一、安装LAMP环境

[root@www ~]# yum -y install httpd php php-mysql mysql mysql-server mysql-devel php-gd libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel

二、安装net-snmp、php-snmp、net-snmp-utils

[root@www ~]# yum -y install net-snmp net-snmp-utils net-snmp-libs php-snmp

三、安装rrdtool图形整合工具

[root@www ~]# yum -y install rrdtool
[root@www ~]# rrdtool 
RRDtool 1.3.8  Copyright 1997-2009 by Tobias Oetiker <tobi@oetiker.ch>
               Compiled Apr  3 2014 13:07:03
Usage: rrdtool [options] command command_options
Valid commands: create, update, updatev, graph, graphv,  dump, restore,
last, lastupdate, first, info, fetch, tune,
resize, xport
RRDtool is distributed under the Terms of the GNU General
Public License Version 2. (www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html)
For more information read the RRD manpages

四、安装cacti主程序

• 下载cacti-0.8.8f.tar.gz
  

[root@www ~]# wget http://www.cacti.net/downloads/cacti-0.8.8f.tar.gz

• 安装cacti，解压放到网站目录下

[root@www ~]# tar zxf cacti-0.8.8f.tar.gz 

[root@www ~]# mv cacti-0.8.8f /var/www/html/cacti/

[root@www ~]# chown -R root. /var/www/html/cacti/

• 初始化数据库

[root@www ~]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start

[root@www ~]# mysql_secure_installation 
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
Set root password? [Y/n] y
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y

• 创建cacti数据库

[root@www ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "create database cacti"

• 授权cacti数据库用户

[root@www ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "grant all on cacti.* to 'cacti'@'localhost' identified by 'cactipass';"
[root@www ~]# mysql -uroot -p -e "flush privileges;"

• 导入数据库文件

[root@www ~]# mysql -uroot -p cacti < /var/www/html/cacti/cacti.sql

• 修改cacti的配置文件config.php

[root@www ~]# vim /var/www/html/cacti/include/config.php
$database_type = "mysql";
$database_default = "cacti";
$database_hostname = "localhost";
$database_username = "cacti";
$database_password = "cactipass";
$database_port = "3306";
$database_ssl = false;

• 调整系统时区及时间

[root@www ~]# yum -y install ntp
[root@www ~]# ntpdate ntpdate time.nist.gov  ##同步时间
[root@www ~]# cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime  ##替换系统时区

• 配置php.ini文件的时区为Asia/Shanghai

[root@www ~]# vim /etc/php.ini 
date.timezone = 'Asia/Shanghai'

• 添加抓图计划任务

[root@www ~]# /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php
[root@www ~]# crontab -e
*/5 * * * *  /usr/bin/php /var/www/html/cacti/poller.php

五、Web界面安装和配置cacti

• http://192.168.1.21/cacti

• New install

• Finish
  

• 转到登录页面，默认登录名和密码都是admin，输入会提示修改密码,Save后显示cacti主页面

• 点击graphs查看生成的图形数据
  

六、安装cacti优化轮询器spine

• 下载cacti-spine，版本对应cacti的版本
  

[root@www ~]# wget http://www.cacti.net/downloads/spine/cacti-spine-0.8.8f.tar.gz

[root@www ~]# yum -y install gcc

[root@www ~]# tar zxf cacti-spine-0.8.8f.tar.gz 

[root@www ~]# cd cacti-spine-0.8.8f

• 编译安装cacti-spine

[root@www cacti-spine-0.8.8f]# ./configure 
[root@www cacti-spine-0.8.8f]# make
gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -I. -I./config     -I/usr/include/mysql -g -O2 -MT sql.o -MD -MP -MF .deps/sql.Tpo -c -o sql.o sql.c
In file included from sql.c:34:
common.h:133:38: error: net-snmp/net-snmp-config.h: No such file or directory
common.h:134:32: error: net-snmp/utilities.h: No such file or directory
common.h:135:40: error: net-snmp/net-snmp-includes.h: No such file or directory
common.h:136:33: error: net-snmp/config_api.h: No such file or directory
common.h:137:30: error: net-snmp/mib_api.h: No such file or directory
In file included from spine.h:505,
                 from sql.c:35:
snmp.h:41: error: expected ‘;’, ‘,’ or ‘)’ before ‘*’ token
make: *** [sql.o] Error 1

• 报错提示：需安装net-snmp-devel解决依赖

[root@www cacti-spine-0.8.8f]# yum -y install net-snmp-devel
[root@www cacti-spine-0.8.8f]# yum install libtool

[root@www cacti-spine-0.8.8f]# make
[root@www cacti-spine-0.8.8f]# make install
make[1]: Entering directory `/root/cacti-spine-0.8.8f'
 /bin/mkdir -p '/usr/local/spine/bin'
  /bin/sh ./libtool   --mode=install /usr/bin/install -c spine '/usr/local/spine/bin'
libtool: install: /usr/bin/install -c spine /usr/local/spine/bin/spine
 /bin/mkdir -p '/usr/local/spine/etc'
 /usr/bin/install -c -m 644 spine.conf.dist '/usr/local/spine/etc'
make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/cacti-spine-0.8.8f'
You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root
[root@www cacti-spine-0.8.8f]# ls /usr/local/spine/
bin  etc

• 拷贝spine配置文件并修改相应配置
  

[root@www ~]# cp /usr/local/spine/etc/spine.conf.dist /etc/spine.conf
[root@www ~]# vim /etc/spine.conf
DB_Host         localhost
DB_Database     cacti
DB_User         cacti
DB_Pass         cactipass
DB_Port         3306

• 启动spine
  

[root@www ~]# /usr/local/spine/bin/spine 
SPINE: Using spine config file [/etc/spine.conf]
SPINE: Version 0.8.8f starting
SPINE: Time: 0.1549 s, Threads: 5, Hosts: 2

• cacti页面下设置spine的路径,完成配置

    【console--->Settings--->Paths--->Spine Poller File Path--->/usr/local/spine/bin/spine】

• 选择spine轮询方式

    【Poller--->Poller Type--->spine】

七、Cacti添加监控客户机

• 安装yum源

[root@sh ~]# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.yun-idc.com/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

• 安装net-snmp

[root@sh ~]# yum -y install net-snmp net-snmp-devel net-snmp-utils

• 修改snmpd.conf配置文件

[root@sh ~]# vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf 
 55 view    systemview    included   .1.3.6.1.2.1
162 #syslocation Unknown (edit /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf)
163 #syscontact Root <root@localhost> (configure /etc/snmp/snmp.local.conf)
164 syslocation 192.168.1.251  #本机IP
165 syscontact Root root@huangmingming.cn  #接收邮件的邮箱

• 更改系统时间

[root@sh ~]# ntpdate ntpdate time.nist.gov
[root@sh ~]# cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime

• 开启snmpd
  

[root@sh ~]# /etc/init.d/snmpd start

• cacti服务端web设置，添加主机（Devices-->Add-->Description-->Hostname-->Host Template-->Number of Collection Threads-->SNMP Version-->Create---*Create Graphs for this Host-->选择要监控的模块）

• 将添加的主机加入到Graph Trees中
  

[root@www ~]# /usr/local/spine/bin/spine 
SPINE: Using spine config file [/etc/spine.conf]
SPINE: Version 0.8.8f starting
SPINE: Time: 0.1185 s, Threads: 1, Hosts: 3

##########NAGIOS#########

一、下载软件包

1、下载nagios核心源码包

 wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/latest/download

2、下载nagios插件nagios-plugins

 wget http://www.nagios-plugins.org/download/nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz

3、下载客户端软件nrpe

 wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/nagios/nrpe-2.x/nrpe-2.15/nrpe-2.15.tar.gz

 http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios-snmp/files/latest/download

二、添加nagios用户和nagcmd组

• 把nagios和apache添加到nagcmd组里

[root@www ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin nagios

[root@www ~]# groupadd nagcmd

[root@www ~]# usermod -G nagcmd nagios

[root@www ~]# usermod -G nagcmd apache

[root@www ~]# id apache

uid=48(apache) gid=48(apache) groups=48(apache),502(nagcmd)

[root@www ~]# id nagios

uid=501(nagios) gid=501(nagios) groups=501(nagios),502(nagcmd)

[root@www ~]# mkdir /usr/local/nagios

[root@www ~]# chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios

三、安装nagios-4.1.1.tar.gz

[root@www ~]# tar zxf nagios-4.1.1.tar.gz

[root@www ~]# cd nagios-4.1.1

• 编译

[root@www nagios-4.1.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --sysconfdir=/etc/nagios --with-command-group=nagcmd 
......
 General Options:
 -------------------------
        Nagios executable:  nagios
        Nagios user/group:  nagios,nagios
       Command user/group:  nagios,nagcmd
             Event Broker:  yes
        Install ${prefix}:  /usr/local/nagios
    Install ${includedir}:  /usr/local/nagios/include/nagios
                Lock file:  ${prefix}/var/nagios.lock
   Check result directory:  ${prefix}/var/spool/checkresults
           Init directory:  /etc/rc.d/init.d
  Apache conf.d directory:  /etc/httpd/conf.d
             Mail program:  /bin/mail
                  Host OS:  linux-gnu
          IOBroker Method:  epoll
 Web Interface Options:
 ------------------------
                 HTML URL:  http://localhost/nagios/
                  CGI URL:  http://localhost/nagios/cgi-bin/
 Traceroute (used by WAP):

Review the options above for accuracy.  If they look okay,

type 'make all' to compile the main program and CGIs.

• 安装
  

[root@www nagios-4.1.1]# make all

*** Compile finished ***

If the main program and CGIs compiled without any errors, you

can continue with installing Nagios as follows (type 'make'

without any arguments for a list of all possible options):

  make install

     - This installs the main program, CGIs, and HTML files

  make install-init

     - This installs the init script in /etc/rc.d/init.d

  make install-commandmode

     - This installs and configures permissions on the

       directory for holding the external command file

  make install-config

     - This installs *SAMPLE* config files in /etc/nagios

       You'll have to modify these sample files before you can

       use Nagios.  Read the HTML documentation for more info

       on doing this.  Pay particular attention to the docs on

       object configuration files, as they determine what/how

       things get monitored!

  make install-webconf

     - This installs the Apache config file for the Nagios

       web interface

  make install-exfoliation

     - This installs the Exfoliation theme for the Nagios

       web interface

  make install-classicui

     - This installs the classic theme for the Nagios

       web interface

*** Support Notes *******************************************

[root@www nagios-4.1.1]# make install

[root@www nagios-4.1.1]# make install-init

[root@www nagios-4.1.1]# make install-commandmode

[root@www nagios-4.1.1]# make install-config

[root@www nagios-4.1.1]# ls /usr/local/nagios/

bin  libexec  sbin  share  var

[root@www nagios-4.1.1]# ls /etc/nagios/

cgi.cfg  nagios.cfg  objects  resource.cfg

[root@www nagios-4.1.1]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg
Nagios Core 4.1.1
Copyright (c) 2009-present Nagios Core Development Team and Community Contributors
Copyright (c) 1999-2009 Ethan Galstad
Last Modified: 08-19-2015
License: GPL
Website: https://www.nagios.org
Reading configuration data...
   Read main config file okay...
   Read object config files okay...
Running pre-flight check on configuration data...
Checking objects...
Checked 8 services.
Checked 1 hosts.
Checked 1 host groups.
Checked 0 service groups.
Checked 1 contacts.
Checked 1 contact groups.
Checked 24 commands.
Checked 5 time periods.
Checked 0 host escalations.
Checked 0 service escalations.
Checking for circular paths...
Checked 1 hosts
Checked 0 service dependencies
Checked 0 host dependencies
Checked 5 timeperiods
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...
Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors:   0
Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check

[root@www ~]# chkconfig --add nagios

[root@www ~]# chkconfig nagios on

四、安装插件nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz

• 编译安装

[root@www ~]# tar zxf nagios-plugins-2.1.1.tar.gz 

[root@www ~]# cd nagios-plugins-2.1.1

[root@www nagios-plugins-2.1.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios

[root@www nagios-plugins-2.1.1]# make && make install

[root@www nagios-plugins-2.1.1]# ls /usr/local/nagios/

bin  include  libexec  sbin  share  var

五、安装nrpe-2.15.tar.gz 

[root@www ~]# tar zxf nrpe-2.15.tar.gz 

[root@www ~]# cd nrpe-2.15

[root@www nrpe-2.15]# ./configure 

[root@www nrpe-2.15]# make all

[root@www nrpe-2.15]# cd src/

[root@www src]# make install

[root@www src]# make install-pligin

六、Apache配置

• 设置nagios验证用户和密码
  

[root@www ~]# htpasswd -c /etc/nagios/passwd nagiosadmin
New password: 
Re-type new password: 
Adding password for user nagiosadmin

• http.conf配置
  

[root@www ~]# vim /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 
 242 User apache
 243 Group apache
 402 DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var index.php
 781 AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .phtml
在最后增加以下内容：
#setting for nagios
ScriptAlias /nagios/cgi-bin "/usr/local/nagios/sbin"
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/sbin">
        AuthType Basic
        Options ExecCGI
        AllowOverride None
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
        AuthName "Nagios Access"
        AuthUserFile /etc/nagios/passwd
        Require valid-user
</Directory>

Alias /nagios "/usr/local/nagios/share"
<Directory "/usr/local/nagios/share">
        AuthType Basic
        Options None
        AllowOverride None
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
        AuthName "Nagios Access"
        AuthUserFile /etc/nagios/passwd
        Require valid-user
</Directory>

[root@www ~]# /etc/init.d/httpd restart
Stopping httpd:                                            [  OK  ]
Starting httpd:                                            [  OK  ]

• 网页登录

• Nagios4.1.1版本主页中间显示不了www.youtube.com页面，可是为了追求美观，干脆把它替换掉，找到URL的位置把它替换为全球实时展示******网站，观赏全球******走向O(∩_∩)O哈哈~

  [root@www share]# grep 'www.youtube.com' main.php 
  

[root@www share]# vim /usr/local/nagios/share/main.php
('<iframe width="100%" height="100%" src="//
www.youtube.com/embed/videoseries?l
ist=PLN-ryIrpC_mCUW1DFwZpxpAk00i60lSkE&iv_load_policy=3&rel=0
" frameborder="0" 
allowfullscreen></iframe>')
替换url：
('<iframe width="100%" height="100%" src="//
map.norsecorp.com
" frameborder="0" 
allowfullscreen></iframe>')

• 如图