nagios完全安装文档 (CentOS)

第一部分安装

Nagios的所有插件的地址：http://www.nagios.org/download/addons

1：安装LAMP环境

# yum -y install php httpd gcc glibc glibc-common gd gd-devel

2:建立nagios帐号，请牢记设置的密码

# /usr/sbin/useradd nagios && passwd nagios

创建一个用户组名为nagios用于从web接口执行外部命令。将nagios用户和apache用户都加入到这个组中。

# /usr/sbin/groupadd nagios

# /usr/sbin/usermod -g nagios nagios

# /usr/sbin/usermod -g nagios apache

3:编译与安装nagios

进入到nagios安装包所在的文件夹下

# tar -zxvf nagios- 3.4.1.tar.gz

# cd nagios

# ./configure --with-command-group=nagios --prefix=/usr/local/nagios

# make all

# make install

# make install-init

# make install-config

# make install-commandmode

# make install-webconf

创建一个nagiosadmin的用户，用于nagios的Web接口登录。请牢记你设置的密码。

# htpasswd -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd.users nagiosadmin

验证是否正确安装，进入到安装路径（此处是/usr/local/nagios),看是否存在etc bin sbin share var这五个目录，如果存在，则说明nagios正确的安装到系统

4:编译与安装nagios-plugins

进入到nagios-plugins安装包所在的文件夹下

# tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz

# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.16

# ./configure--with-nagios-user=nagios --with-nagios-group=nagios --prefix=/usr/local/nagios

# make && make install

验证：ls /usr/local/nagios/libexec会显示安装的插件文件，即所有的插件都安装在libexec这个目录下

5：启动服务

重启apache服务让设置生效

# service httpd restart

验证nagios的样例配置文件

# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

如果没有报错，启动nagios服务

# service nagios start

6：测试

登录http://IP地址/nagios/,输入用户名和密码,则nagios安装成功。

第二部分监控linux主机

一.被监控机上安装NRPE

1.安装客户端nagios插件

进入到nagios-plugins安装包所在的文件夹下

# tar -zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.16.tar.gz

# cd nagios-plugins-1.4.16

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios

# make && make install

# useradd nagios

# chown nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios

# chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/libexec

2.给客户端安装NRPE

首先检查openssl是否存在，否则要安装openssl

# rpm –qa | grep openssl

openssl-devel-1.0.0-20.el6_2.5.x86_64

openssl-1.0.0-20.el6_2.5.x86_64

进入到nrpe安装包所在的文件夹下

# tar -zxvf nrpe-2.13.tar.gz

# cd nrpe-2.13

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --enable-ssl --with-ssl-lib=/usr/lib/

# make all

# make install-plugin

# make install-daemon

# make install-daemon-config

返回当前NRPE的版本

# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost

启动NRPE

# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d

3.配置NRPE客户端

添加nrpe服务器地址，允许监控服务器对其读取信息

# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg

在allowed_hosts中添加允许的服务器，例如：

allowed_hosts=127.0.0.1,10.126.53.65,172.18.0.236

添加command字段来添加需要监控的服务，例如：

command[check_users]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users -w 5 -c 10

command[check_load]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load -w 15,10,5 –c 30,25,20

command[check_disk]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk -w 20% -c 10% -p /dev/hda1

command[check_zombie_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 5 -c 10 -s Z

command[check_total_procs]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs -w 150 -c 200

command[check_ping]=/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_ping -H 172.18.0.237 -w 3,2% -c 10,6% -p 30

重启nrpe

# killall -9 nrpe

# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nrpe -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/nrpe.cfg -d

二.监控机上安装NRPE

1.安装nrpe

首先检查openssl是否存在，否则要安装openssl

# rpm –qa | grep openssl

openssl-devel-1.0.0-20.el6_2.5.x86_64

openssl-1.0.0-20.el6_2.5.x86_64

进入到nrpe安装包所在的文件夹下

# tar -zxvf nrpe-2.13.tar.gz

# cd nrpe-2.13

# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --enable-ssl --with-ssl-lib=/usr/lib/

# make all

# make install-plugin

# make install-daemon

# make install-daemon-config

返回当前NRPE的版本

# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H localhost

2.commands.cfg中定义外部构件nrpe

# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg

添加check_nrpe

# 'check_nrpe' command definition

define command{

command_name check_nrpe

command_line$USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$

}

3.配置要监控的Linux主机

# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

修改如下：

cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg

cfg_dir=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/servers

# mkdir /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/servers/

#chown -R nagios.nagios /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/servers/

4.配置cgi.cfg文件

# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg

修改如下：

use_authentication=1

注意：修改文件权限

# chmod 777 /usr/local/nagios/var/rw/

# chmod 777 / usr/local/nagios/var/rw/nagios.cmd

5.新建host_service_group.cfg，设置其内容

# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/servers/host_service_group.cfg

其文件内容如下：

define servicegroup{

servicegroup_name host_perfdata

alias host_perfdata

}

define hostgroup{

hostgroup_name host_perfdata

alias host_perfdata

}

6.新建172.18.0.237.cfg，设置监控内容

# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/servers/172.18.0.237.cfg

其文件内容如下：

define host{

uselinux-server

host_name 172.18.0.237

host_groupshost_perfdata

alias172.18.0.237

address 172.18.0.237

}

define service{

usegeneric-service

host_name 172.18.0.237

service_groupshost_perfdata

service_descriptioncheck_cpu_load

check_command check_nrpe!check_load

notifications_enabled1

}

define service{

use generic-service

host_name 172.18.0.237

service_groupshost_perfdata

service_descriptioncheck_total_process

check_command check_nrpe!check_total_procs

notifications_enabled1

}

define service {

usegeneric-service

host_name 172.18.0.237

service_groupshost_perfdata

service_descriptionPING

check_commandcheck_ping!200.0,20%!500.0,60%

notifications_enabled1

}

验证nagios的配置文件是否正确

# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

如果没有报错，重新加载nagios服务

# service nagios reload

三.Nagios报警设置

3.1网页报警

1.修改cgi.cfg配置文件

# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/cgi.cfg

去掉下面几行注释

host_unreachable_sound=hostdown.wav

host_down_sound=hostdown.wav

service_critical_sound=critical.wav

service_warning_sound=warning.wav

service_unknown_sound=warning.wav

normal_sound=noproblem.wav

2.在/usr/local/nagios/share/media/下将声音文件添加进去

3.2通过sendEmail发送报警

1.安装sendEmail

进入到sendEmail安装包所在的文件夹下

# tar -zxvf sendEmail-v1.56.tar.gz

# cd sendEmail-v1.56

# cp sendEmail /usr/local/bin/

# chmod 755 /usr/local/bin/sendEmail

2.测试

使用系统自带的sendmail测试

# cd (回到根目录)

# mail -s “I am test”admin@admin< install.log

“I am test”是邮件的主题，在admin@admin中如果能收到邮件，则说明设置成功。

3.修改commands.cfg文件(其实这一步，可以省略，因为在安装nagios的时候，已经默认存在)

# /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg

内容如下：

# 'notify-host-by-email' command definition

define command{

command_name notify-host-by-email

command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nHost: $HOSTNAME$\nState: $HOSTSTATE$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n" | /bin/mail -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$

}

# 'notify-service-by-email' command definition

define command{

command_name notify-service-by-email

command_line /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nService: $SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n\nAdditional Info:\n\n$SERVICEOUTPUT$\n" | /bin/mail -s "** $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$ Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ **" $CONTACTEMAIL$

}

4.编辑contacts.cfg文件

# /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg

内容如下：

define contact{

contact_name nagiosadmin; Short name of user

use generic-contact; Inherit default values from generic-contact template (defined above)

alias Nagios Admin ; Full name of user

email admin@admin ; <<***** CHANGE THIS TO YOUR EMAIL ADDRESS ******

service_notification_commands notify-service-by-email

host_notification_commandsnotify-host-by-email

}

5.重启nagios服务

# /etc/init.d/nagios reload

第三部分监控Windows主机

一．被监控机（Windows）上安装NSClient++客户端

下载地址：http://nsclient.org/nscp/downloads

目前最新版本：0.4.1.62，根据需要下载32位或64位机程序。

.zip格式和.msi格式大同小异，在次处我使用.msi格式，并以32位机为例。

双击下载好的程序，开始安装

选择：Typical

勾选：Allow all users to write config file

在Allowed hosts中填写监控主机的IP，NSClient password中本应该填写监控机和

被监控机之间的通信密码，为了方便，在次不进行设置，勾选Modules to load

下面的所有选项。点击Next

点击Install完成安装。

进入到服务中，找到NSClient++(Win32)，双击它，选择登录，再勾选允许服务与

桌面交互，最后重启服务。

二．监控机（Linux）添加监控项

在/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/servers/目录下添加一台Windows主机

# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/servers/10.126.53.54.cfg

其文件内容如下：

define host{

use linux-server

host_name10.126.53.54

alias10.126.53.54

host_groupshost_perfdata

address 10.126.53.54

}

define service{

use generic-service

host_name 10.126.53.54

service_groups host_perfdata

service_description check_ping

check_command check_ping!100.0,20%!200.0,50%

notifications_enabled 1

}

define service{

usegeneric-service

host_name 10.126.53.54

service_groups host_perfdata

service_description check_memory_useage

check_command check_nt!MEMUSE!-w 80 -c 90

notifications_enabled 1

}

define service{

use generic-service

host_name 10.126.53.54

service_groups host_perfdata

service_description check_cpu_load

check_command check_nt!CPULOAD!-l 5,70,80

notifications_enabled 1

}

define service{

usegeneric-service

host_name 10.126.53.54

service_groups host_perfdata

service_description check_C:\_space

check_command check_nt!USEDDISKSPACE!-l C!-w 80 -c 90

notifications_enabled 1

}

define service{

use generic-service

host_name 10.126.53.54

service_groups host_perfdata

service_description check_E:\_space

check_command check_nt!USEDDISKSPACE!-l E!-w 80 -c 90

notifications_enabled 1

}

验证nagios的配置文件是否正确

# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

如果没有报错，重新加载nagios服务

# service nagios reload

可以进行测试：

#/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nt -H 10.126.53.54 -v CPULOAD -p 12489 -l 5,70,80

#/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nt -H 10.126.53.54-v MEMUSE -p 12489

#/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nt -H 10.126.53.54 -v USEDDISKSPACE -p 12489 -l C

#/usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nt -H 10.126.53.54 -v USEDDISKSPACE -p 12489 -l E

第四部分nagvis插件的安装

Nagvis官方网站：http://www.nagvis.org/

Nagvis下载：http://jaist.dl.sourceforge.net/project/nagvis/NagVis 1.7/nagvis-1.7.3.tar.gz

ndoutils下载：http://sourceforge.net/projects/nagios/files/ndoutils-1.x/

一．安装ndoutils

查看是否安装mysql-devel(它是用来编译ndoutils)

# rpm -qa | grep mysql

如果没有安装mysql-devel，则用yum安装

# yum -y install mysql-devel

为ndoutils创建数据库

#mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

mysql> create database ndodb;

mysql>grant all privileges on ndodb.* to ndouser@localhost identified by 'ndouser';

mysql>grant all privileges on ndodb.* to ndouser@'%' identified by 'ndouser';

mysql>flush privileges;

mysql>quit

关联mysql头文件和库

# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/include/* /usr/include/

# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/* /usr/lib/

注意：/usr/local/mysql是MySQL的安装目录

开始安装ndoutils

# tar zxvf ndoutils-1.5.2.tar.gz

# cd ndoutils-1.5.2

#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nagios --enable-mysql --enable-ssl --with-ssl-lib=/usr/lib --with-ndo2db-user=nagios --with-ndo2db-group=nagios --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --with-mysql-lib=/usr/local/mysql/lib LDFLAGS=-L/usr/lib

注意：/usr/local/mysql是MySQL的安装目录

#make

#make install//此命令可不用执行

# cd db/

# ./installdb -u ndouser -p ndouser -h localhost -d ndodb

# cd ../src/

# cp file2sock log2ndo ndo2db-2x ndo2db-3x ndomod-2x.o ndomod-3x.o/usr/local/nagios/bin/

# cd ../config

# cp ndo2db.cfg-sample ndomod.cfg-sample /usr/local/nagios/etc/

# mv /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg-sample /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

# mv /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndomod.cfg-sample /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndomod.cfg

# chmod 644 /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo*

# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

修改内容如下：

check_external_commands=1（大概在146行）

command_check_interval=-1（大概在164行）

event_broker_options=-1（大概在222行）

在249行下面添加一行：

broker_module=/usr/local/nagios/bin/ndomod-3x.o config_file=/usr/local /nagios/etc/ndomod.cfg

process_performance_data=1（大概在834行）

# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndomod.cfg

将其修改为：

# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndomod.cfg |grep -v '^#'|sed /^$/d

# vi /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

将其修改为：

# cat /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg |grep -v '^#'|sed /^$/d

启动ndo2db守护进程

# /usr/local/nagios/bin/ndo2db-3x -c /usr/local/nagios/etc/ndo2db.cfg

二．安装Nagvis

安装支持库graphviz

# cp /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo.bak

# vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo

将下面的内容加入到最后面：

[graphviz-stable]

name=Graphviz - RHEL $releasever - $basearch

baseurl=http://www.graphviz.org/pub/graphviz/stable/redhat/el$releasever/$basearch/os/

enabled=1

gpgcheck=0

skip_if_unavailable=1

[graphviz-stable-source]

name=Graphviz - RHEL $releasever - Source

baseurl=http://www.graphviz.org/pub/graphviz/stable/SRPMS/

enabled=0

gpgcheck=0

skip_if_unavailable=1

[graphviz-stable-debuginfo]

name=Graphviz - RHEL - Debug

baseurl=http://www.graphviz.org/pub/graphviz/stable/redhat/el$releasever/$basearch/debug/

enabled=0

gpgcheck=0

skip_if_unavailable=1

[graphviz-snapshot]

name=Graphviz - RHEL $releasever - $basearch

baseurl=http://www.graphviz.org/pub/graphviz/development/redhat/el$releasever/$basearch/os/

enabled=0

gpgcheck=0

skip_if_unavailable=1

[graphviz-snapshot-source]

name=Graphviz - RHEL $releasever - Source

baseurl=http://www.graphviz.org/pub/graphviz/development/SRPMS/

enabled=0

gpgcheck=0

skip_if_unavailable=1

[graphviz-snapshot-debuginfo]

name=Graphviz - RHEL - Debug

baseurl=http://www.graphviz.org/pub/graphviz/development/redhat/el$releasever/$basearch/debug/

enabled=0

gpgcheck=0

skip_if_unavailable=1

# yum -y install graphviz*

# tar zxvf nagvis-1.7.3.tar.gz

# cd nagvis-1.7.3

# bash install.sh

详细请参考官方文档：http://docs.nagvis.org/1.7/en_US/index.html