在React中使用Custom Hooks封装复杂的交互逻辑可以使代码更加简洁和可重用。下面是一个例子,演示如何使用Custom Hooks封装表单验证和数据获取逻辑:
import { useState } from 'react';
// Custom Hook for form validation
const useFormValidation = (initialState, validate) => {
const [values, setValues] = useState(initialState);
const [errors, setErrors] = useState({});
const handleChange = (e) => {
setValues({
...values,
[e.target.name]: e.target.value,
});
};
const handleSubmit = (e) => {
e.preventDefault();
const validationErrors = validate(values);
setErrors(validationErrors);
if (Object.keys(validationErrors).length === 0) {
// Form is valid, submit data
// Add logic to submit data here
}
};
return { values, errors, handleChange, handleSubmit };
};
// Custom Hook for fetching data
const useFetchData = (url) => {
const [data, setData] = useState(null);
const [loading, setLoading] = useState(true);
const [error, setError] = useState(null);
useEffect(() => {
const fetchData = async () => {
try {
const response = await fetch(url);
const jsonData = await response.json();
setData(jsonData);
setLoading(false);
} catch (error) {
setError(error);
setLoading(false);
}
};
fetchData();
}, [url]);
return { data, loading, error };
};
// Example usage of Custom Hooks
const MyComponent = () => {
const { values, errors, handleChange, handleSubmit } = useFormValidation(
{ username: '', password: '' },
(values) => {
let errors = {};
if (!values.username) {
errors.username = 'Username is required';
}
if (!values.password) {
errors.password = 'Password is required';
}
return errors;
}
);
const { data, loading, error } = useFetchData('https://api.example.com/data');
return (
<div>
<form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
<input
type="text"
name="username"
value={values.username}
onChange={handleChange}
/>
{errors.username && <p>{errors.username}</p>}
<input
type="password"
name="password"
value={values.password}
onChange={handleChange}
/>
{errors.password && <p>{errors.password}</p>}
<button type="submit">Submit</button>
</form>
{loading && <p>Loading data...</p>}
{error && <p>Error fetching data</p>}
{data && <p>{data}</p>}
</div>
);
};
在这个例子中,我们定义了两个Custom Hooks:useFormValidation
用于表单验证,useFetchData
用于数据获取。然后在MyComponent
组件中使用这两个Custom Hooks。通过这种方式,我们可以将复杂的交互逻辑封装在Custom Hooks中,让组件更加简洁和可维护。
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