这篇文章主要介绍了java中集合的代码示例,具有一定借鉴价值,感兴趣的朋友可以参考下,希望大家阅读完这篇文章之后大有收获,下面让小编带着大家一起了解一下。
List,Set,Map都是接口,前两个继承Collection接口,Map为独立接口
Set的实现由HashSet,LinkedHashSet,TreeSet
List下有ArrayList,Vector,LinkedList
Map下有Hashtable,LinkedHashMap,HashMap,TreeMap
Collection还有Queue接口,实现有PriorityQueue
ArrayList、LinkedList、HashMap中都有字段叫modCount,字段用途:
/**
The number of times this list has been <i>structurally modified</i>.
Structural modifications are those that change the size of the
list, or otherwise perturb it in such a fashion that iterations in
progress may yield incorrect results.
<p>This field is used by the iterator and list iterator implementation
returned by the {@code iterator} and {@code listIterator} methods.
If the value of this field changes unexpectedly, the iterator (or list
iterator) will throw a {@code ConcurrentModificationException} in
response to the {@code next}, {@code remove}, {@code previous},
{@code set} or {@code add} operations. This provides
<i>fail-fast</i> behavior, rather than non-deterministic behavior in
the face of concurrent modification during iteration.
<p><b>Use of this field by subclasses is optional.</b> If a subclass
wishes to provide fail-fast iterators (and list iterators), then it
merely has to increment this field in its {@code add(int, E)} and
{@code remove(int)} methods (and any other methods that it overrides
that result in structural modifications to the list). A single call to
{@code add(int, E)} or {@code remove(int)} must add no more than
one to this field, or the iterators (and list iterators) will throw
bogus {@code ConcurrentModificationExceptions}. If an implementation
does not wish to provide fail-fast iterators, this field may be
ignored.
*/
*
此列表在结构上被修改的次数。
结构修改是指改变
列出,或者以这样一种方式干扰它
进度可能会产生不正确的结果。
<p>此字段由迭代器和列表迭代器实现使用
由@code迭代器和@code lis迭代器方法返回。
如果此字段的值意外更改,则迭代器(或列表
迭代器)将在
响应@code next,@code remove,@code previous,
@code set或@code add操作。这提供了
<i>fail fast</i>behavior,than non determinatic behavior in
迭代期间并发修改的面。
<p><b>按子类使用此字段是可选的。<b>如果是子类
希望提供fail-fast迭代器(和list迭代器),然后
只需在其@code add(int,e)中增加该字段,
@code remove(int)方法(以及它重写的任何其他方法)
这将导致对列表进行结构修改)。打个电话给
@code add(int,e)或@code remove(int)必须添加不超过
一个到这个字段,或者迭代器(和列表迭代器)将抛出
伪造{@code ConcurrentModificationExceptions}。如果一个实现
不希望提供fail-fast迭代器,此字段可能是
已忽略。
/
List<String> list=new ArrayList();
list.add("config");
list.add("config");
list.add("config1");
list.add("config");
list.add("config");
list.add("config");
list.add("config");
list.add("config");
list.add("config");
list.add("config");
list.add("config");
list.forEach(s -> {
if("config1".equals(s)){
list.remove(s);
}
});
java.util.ConcurrentModificationException
at java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1260)
at com.mufeng.test.base.dataStructure.TestList.test1(TestList.java:31)
//HashSet
//巧妙利用HashMap中key实现
private transient HashMap<E,Object> map;
// Dummy value to associate with an Object in the backing Map
// 仿真的值与Map中对象保持一致
private static final Object PRESENT = new Object();
public HashSet() {
map = new HashMap<>();
}
public boolean add(E e) {
return map.put(e, PRESENT)==null;
}
public boolean remove(Object o) {
return map.remove(o)==PRESENT;
}
//LinkedHashSet
//继承HashSet
public class LinkedHashSet<E>
extends HashSet<E>
implements Set<E>, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable {
//初始容量为16
public LinkedHashSet() {
super(16, .75f, true);
}
//LinkedHashMap
//继承HashMap 好多方法都可以用HashMap中的
public class LinkedHashMap<K,V>
extends HashMap<K,V>
implements Map<K,V>
static class Entry<K,V> extends HashMap.Node<K,V> {
Entry<K,V> before, after;
Entry(int hash, K key, V value, Node<K,V> next) {
super(hash, key, value, next);
}
}
/** * The head (eldest) of the doubly linked list. */ //单链表 首位 transient LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> head; /** * The tail (youngest) of the doubly linked list. */ //末位 transient LinkedHashMap.Entry<K,V> tail; /** * The iteration ordering method for this linked hash map: <tt>true</tt> * for access-order, <tt>false</tt> for insertion-order. * * @serial */ final boolean accessOrder;
//TreeSet
//具体实现为TreeMap
private transient NavigableMap<E,Object> m;
// Dummy value to associate with an Object in the backing Map //仿真值 private static final Object PRESENT = new Object(); public TreeSet() { this(new TreeMap<E,Object>()); } //利用TreeMap的key public boolean add(E e) { return m.put(e, PRESENT)==null; } public boolean remove(Object o) { return m.remove(o)==PRESENT; }
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