Go语言－panic和recover使用实战

panic

正常的函数执行流程将立即终止，但函数中之前使用defer关键字延迟执行的语句将正常展开执行，之后该函数将返回到调用函数，并导致逐层向上执行panic()流程，直到所属的goroutine中所有正在执行的函数将被终止。错误信息将被报告，包括panic()的参数类型interface()我们可以看到，panic可以接收任意类型的数据
panic(404)
panic("network borken")
panic("Error("file not exists")

recover

recover函数用于终止错误处理流程。recover应该在defer关键字的函数中执行以有效截取错误处理流程

实例1

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    defer func() {
        if r := recover(); r != nil {
            fmt.Println("detail:", r)
        }
    }()

    fmt.Println("before painc")
    panic("error1")
    panic("error2")
    fmt.Println("after panic")
    return
}

运行结果

before painc
detail: error1

实例2

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    fmt.Println("before painc")
    panic("error1")
    panic("error2")
    fmt.Println("after panic")
    return
}

运行结果

before painc
panic: error1

goroutine 1 [running]:
main.main()
    /home/kenmy/go/src/github.com/shadowsocks/shadowsocks-go/sample-config/panic.go:17 +0xdd

实例3

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    defer func() {
        if r := recover(); r != nil {
            fmt.Println("detail:", r)
        }
    }()

    test()
    fmt.Println("end")
    return
}

func test() {
    defer func() {
        if r := recover(); r != nil {
            fmt.Println("detail0:", r)
        }
    }()
    fmt.Println("before painc")
    panic("error1")
    panic("error2")
    fmt.Println("after panic")
}

运行结果

before painc
detail0: error1
end

实例4

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

func main() {
    defer func() {
        if r := recover(); r != nil {
            fmt.Println("detail:", r)
        }
    }()

    test()
    fmt.Println("middle")
    panic("error3")
    fmt.Println("end")
    return
}

func test() {
    defer func() {
        if r := recover(); r != nil {
            fmt.Println("detail0:", r)
        }
    }()
    fmt.Println("before painc")
    panic("error1")
    panic("error2")
    fmt.Println("after panic")
}

运行结果

before painc
detail0: error1
middle
detail: error3

实例5

package main

import (
    "fmt"
)

func main() {

    test()
    fmt.Println("middle")
    panic("error3")
    fmt.Println("end")
    return
}

func test() {
    fmt.Println("before painc")
    panic("error1")
    panic("error2")
    fmt.Println("after panic")
}

运行结果：

before painc
panic: error1

goroutine 1 [running]:
main.test()
    /home/kenmy/go/src/github.com/shadowsocks/shadowsocks-go/sample-config/panic.go:20 +0xdd
main.main()
    /home/kenmy/go/src/github.com/shadowsocks/shadowsocks-go/sample-config/panic.go:10 +0x26