nginx简介及nginx安装

1.nginx简介

常见WebServer（排行https://news.netcraft.com/archives/2018/， https://w3techs.com/technologies/overview/web_server/all ）
老牌：Httpd（早期叫Apache） ，开源，市场份额最高
微软：IIS
轻量：Lighttpd，性能高，低耗能，功能欠缺
Nginx诞生
2004年10月发布，俄国人Igor Sysoev开发，rambler.ru
Nginx官网、版本
nginx.org 1.14.0稳定版
国内分支Tengine（http://tengine.taobao.org/）
Nginx功能介绍
Http服务、反向代理、负载均衡、邮件代理、缓存加速、SSL、flv/mp4流媒体

2.nginx安装-yum安装

vi /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
#https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/nginx/git/blob/master/2z/nginx.repo
[nginx]
name=nginx repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/$releasever/$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
yum install -y nginx
systemctl start/stop/restart/reload nginx
测试：浏览器访问或者curl访问
检查服务进程：ps aux |grep nginx
检查端口监听：netstat -lnp |grep ‘:80’
有防火墙，需加规则iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
nginx -V查看版本以及各个目录、参数

下面是我的脚本自动安装的一个小模块

OS_VERSION=rpm -q --queryformat '%{VERSION}' centos-release
echo "...............................................nginx................................................."
cp /root/tools/nginx.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/
sed -i "s/6/$OS_VERSION/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
yum install -y nginx
yum install -y libselinux-python
yum install -y telnet nc
cp /root/tools/nginx.conf /etc/nginx/nginx.conf".bakdate +%F"
cat /root/tools/nginx.conf > /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
if [[ "$OS_VERSION" = 6 ]]; then
setenforce 0 && chkconfig nginx on
elif [[ "$OS_VERSION" = 7 ]];then
setenforce 0 && systemctl enable nginx.service
fi
echo "................................................nginx...................................."

3.nginx安装-源码安装

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz //下载包
tar zxf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz //解压包
cd nginx-1.14.0
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx //开始编译安装
make && make install
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx //启动
pkill nginx //杀死nginx进程，停止nginx服务
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t //检测配置文件语法错误
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload//重载配置
服务管理脚本
https://coding.net/u/aminglinux/p/aminglinux-book/git/blob/master/D15Z/etc_init.d_nginx
系统启动脚本
#!/bin/bash

chkconfig: - 30 21

description: http service.

Source Function Library

. /etc/init.d/functions

Nginx Settings

NGINX_SBIN="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
NGINX_CONF="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"
NGINX_PID="/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid"
RETVAL=0
prog="Nginx"

start()
{
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
mkdir -p /dev/shm/nginx_temp
daemon $NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}

stop()
{
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -TERM
rm -rf /dev/shm/nginx_temp
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}

reload()
{
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc -p $NGINX_PID $NGINX_SBIN -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
return $RETVAL
}

restart()
{
stop
start
}

configtest()
{
$NGINX_SBIN -c $NGINX_CONF -t
return 0
}

case "$1" in
start)
start
;;
stop)
stop
;;
reload)
reload
;;
restart)
restart
;;
configtest)
configtest
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|reload|restart|configtest}"
RETVAL=1
esac

exit $RETVAL